Comparison of patients by family history with gastric and non-gastric cancer

Table 1 Ranking of associated tumors in family relatives of 256 probands

Associated tumors	FGC (n =112)		Non-FGC (n =144)		No. of associated tumors	Percentage
	Male proband1 (n = 76)	Female proband (n = 36)	Male proband2 (n = 98)	Female proband3 (n = 46)
Stomach	108	46			154	38.6
Esophagus	7	1	43	22	73	18.3
Liver	2	1	17	18	38	9.5
Colorectum	1		23	10	34	8.5
Lung	4	2	10	9	25	6.3
Nasopharynx			14	3	17	4.3
Breast	3		5	5	13	3.3
Urogenital organ		1	4	7	12	3.0
Larynx			5	1	6	1.5
Pancreas			3	1	4	1.0
Others4	4	2	12	5	23	5.8
Total	129	53	136	81	399	100

¹One proband associated with lung cancer;

²One proband associated with colorectal cancer; another nasopharyngeal cancer. One relative (father) associated with both lung and colorectal cancer;

³One proband associated with breast cancer; another endometrial cancer;

⁴Other malignant tumors including brain tumors, leukemia, lymphoma, oral cancer, and thyroid cancer.

Table 2 Distribution and number of affected relatives of 256 probands

Affected relatives	FGC (n = 112)				Non-FGC (n =144)		No. of affected relatives	Percentage
	Male proband (n = 76)		Female proband (n = 36)		Male proband (n = 98)	Female proband (n = 46)
	GC	Non-GC	GC	Non-GC	Non-GC	Non-GC
Father	31	3	14		38	18	104	26.5
Mother	17	5	9		24	19	74	18.8
Brother	34	4	10	2	23	7	80	20.4
Sister	7	2	5	2	16	9	41	10.4
Son	1				3	7	11	2.8
Daughter	1	1		1	2	3	8	2.0
Second-degree	17	5	8	2	27	16	75	19.1
Total	108	20	46	7	133	79	393	100

Table 3 Ratio of male to female in affected first-degree relatives in four subgroups

Gender of affected relatives	FGC (n = 112)		Non-FGC (n = 144)
	Male proband (n = 76)	Female proband (n = 36)	Male proband (n = 98)	Female proband (n = 46)
Male	73	26	64	32
Female	33	17	42	31
Total	106	43	106	63
Ratio of male to female	2.21	1.53	1.52	1.03

χ²_trend = 5.03, P < 0.05.

Table 4 Relative risk of GC by comparing male with female probands from their paternal or maternal history of cancers

Affected parents	FGC1 (n = 108)		OR (95% CI)	Non-FGC (n = 144)		OR (95% CI)
	Male proband (n = 72)	Female proband (n = 36)		Male proband (n = 98)	Female proband (n = 46)
Father	31	14	1.19 (0.53-2.69)	38	18	0.99 (0.48-2.02)
Mother	17	9	0.93 (0.37-2.35)	24	19	0.46 (0.22-0.97)

¹Deletion of four male probands with parental history of non-GCs.

Table 5 Comparison of 14 probands with both affected parents

Serial number	Father	Mother	Proband	Adenocarcinoma of proband
1	GC	GC	Son	Poorly
2	GC	BC	Son	Poorly
3	GC	EMC	Son	Poorly
4	GC	EC	Son	Poorly
5	HC	GC	Son	Poorly
6	HC	EC	Daughter	Moderately
7	EC	EC	Son	Moderately
8	EC	EC	Daughter	Moderately
9	CRC	EC	Son	Poorly
10	CRC	BC	Daughter	Poorly
11	LC	CRC	Son	Poorly
12	LC	LC	Daughter	Mucinous
13	NPC	PC	Son	Poorly
14	NPC	HC	Daughter	Signet-ring cell

BC: Breast cancer; CRC: Colorectal cancer; EC: Esophageal cancer; EMC: Endometrial cancer; GC: Gastric cancer; HC: Hepatocellular cancer; LC:Lung cancer liver; NPC: Nasopharyngeal cancer; PC: Pancreatic cancer; Moderately: Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; Poorly: Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma; Mucinous: Mucinous adenocarcinoma; Signet-ring cell: Signet-ring cell carcinoma.

Table 6 Distribution of tumor histological types (converting the WHO to the Lauren classification) of 256 probands

Lauren classification	WHO classification	FGC (n = 112)		Non-FGC (n = 144)
		Male proband (n = 76)	Female proband (n = 36)	Male proband (n = 98)	Female proband (n = 46)
Intestinal type	Well	3		2
	Moderately	19	6	39	12
	Mucinous	5	3	5	3
	Total	27	9	46	15
Diffuse type	Poorly	44	24	39	25
	Signet-ring cell	3	2	11	6
	Undifferentiated	2	1	2
	Total	49	27	52	31

Well: Well differentiated adenocarcinoma; Undifferentiated: Undifferentiated carcinoma; No statistical differences of histological types were found between any two subgroups, although ratio of intestinal to diffuse types was lower in FGC than in Non-FGC (36/76 = 0.47 from FGC against 61/83 = 0.73 from non-FGC).

Table 7 Distribution of anatomical sites of tumors in 256 probands

Tumor site	FGC (n = 112)		Non-FGC (n = 144)
	Male proband (n = 76)	Female proband (n = 36)	Male proband (n = 98)	Female proband (n = 46)
Upper	22	5	42	16
	27		58
Medium	20	7	27	15
	27		42
Lower	34	24	29	15
	58		44
χ2 , P value	χ2 = 10.69, P < 0.05

Difference of tumor sites between two male subgroups: χ² = 4.99, P > 0.05; two female subgroups: χ² = 9.67, P < 0.05.