Diallyl sulfide protects against N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced liver tumorigenesis: Role of aldose reductase

Table 1 Effect of NDEA in absence or presence of DAS on liver energy metabolism indices (mean ± SE)

Parameters	Normal	NDEA	DAS
Lactate (μmol/g liver)	2.27 ± 0.16	2.08 ± 0.094	1.41 ± 0.08ab
Pyruvate (μmol/g liver)	0.11 ± 0.007	0.103 ± 0.008	0.15 ± 0.007ab
Lac/Pyr	20.6 ± 1.65	17.37 ± 0.9	11.31 ± 0.76ab
LDH (μmol/mg protein per min)	0.9 ± 0.021	0.9 ± 0.043	1.05 ± 0.028ab
ATP (μmol/g liver)	5.69 ± 0.32	4.04 ± 0.12a	4.91 ± 0.085ab
G6PD (μmol/mg protein per min)	27.9 ± 2.29	47.4 ± 1.48a	54.1 ± 4.04ab

Significantly different from baseline values at

^aP = 0.046; Significantly different from NDEA treatment at

^bP = 0.043.

Table 2 Effect of NDEA in absence or presence of DAS on oxidative stress and membrane disintegration indices (mean ± SE)

Parameters	Normal	NDEA	DAS
MDA (nmol/g liver)	55.6 ± 3.4	90.4 ± 8.01a	66.8 ± 2.4b
NO (nmol/g liver)	139 ± 9.7	344 ± 14.9a	187 ± 9.2ab
G6Pase (nmol/mg protein/min)	6.39 ± 0.46	3.38 ± 0.26a	7.36 ± 0.3b
CAT (IU/mg protein)	173 ± 9.1	141 ± 6.44a	138 ± 6.64a
SOD (IU/mg protein)	88.3 ± 6.55	55.7 ± 2.7a	57.8 ± 5.38a

Significantly different from baseline values at

^aP = 0.048; Significantly different from NDEA treatment at

^bP = 0.044.