Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in octogenarians: Clinical outcome and factors related to mortality

Table 1 Clinicoepidemiological characteristics of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding

	Group A (65-80 yr)	Group B (> 80 yr)	P (95% CI)
Female, n (%)	83/269 (30.8)	65/147 (44,2)	0.009 (0.37-0.85)
Inpatients with AUGIB, n (%)	20/269 (7.4)	9/147 (6.1)	NS
History of ulcer disease/bleeding, n (%)	81/269 (30.1)	48/147 (32.6)	NS
Heart rate (on admission), (mean ± SD)	86.8 ± 19.5	87.4 ± 15.7	NS
Blood Pressure(on admission), (mean ± SD)	122.6 ± 21.1	124.3 ± 25	NS
Presence of hematemesis, n (%)	68/269 (25.3)	21/147 (14.3)	0.012 (1.18-3.47)
Presence of shock on admission, n (%)	24 (4.9)	10 (2.8)	NS
Hematocrit (on admission), (mean ± SD)	30 ± 7.3	28.5 ± 7.2	0.047
Creatinine (on admission), (mean ± SD)	1.3 ± 0.8	1.5 ± 0.9	0.006
Urea (on admission), (mean ± SD)	85.0 ± 55	105.0 ± 66.0	0.001
Recent NSAIDs use, n (%)	152/269 (56.5)	79/147 (53.7)	NS
Recent aspirin use, n (%)	101/269 (37.5)	58/147 (39.4)	NS
Oral-anticoagulants use, n (%)	34/269 (12.6)	10/147 (6.8)	NS
Antiplatelet drugs use, n (%)	53/269 (19.7)	23/147 (15.6)	NS
Combined use of NSAIDs and antiplatelet drugs, n (%)	28/269 (10.4)	3/147 (2.0)	0.004 (1.7-18.7)
Combined use of NSAIDs and oral anticoagulants, n (%)	10/269 (3.7)	1/147 (0.6)	NS

AUGIB: Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; NS: No significance.

Table 2 Causes of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB)-endoscopic findings according to age n (%)

	Group A (65-80 yr)	Group B (> 80 yr)	P (odds ratio)
No endoscopy	2/269 (0.7)	15/147 (10.2)	< 0.0001 (0.015-0.29)
No findings	10/267 (3.7)	6/132 (4.5)	NS
Peptic ulcer	141/267 (52.8)	68/132 (51.5)	NS
Gastric ulcer	68/141 (48.2)	37/68 (54.4)	NS
Duodenal ulcer	73/141 (51.7)	33/68 (48.5)	NS
Varices	20/267 (7.4)	1/132 (0.7)	0.0094 (1.4-79.92)
Erosive gastroduodenitis	61/267 (22.8)	25/132 (18.9)	NS
Angiodysplasia	6/267 (2.2)	12/132 (9.0)	0.005 (0.08-0.62)
Mallory-Weiss	3/267 (1.1)	0/132 (0.0)	NS
Polyps	6/267 (2.2)	1/132 (0.7)	NS
Esophagitis	5/267 (1.8)	9/132 (6.8)	0.025 (0.08-0.79)
Neoplasia	15/267 (5.6)	10/132 (7.5)	NS
Stigmata of bleeding in peptic ulcer bleeding patients
High risk stigmata	36/141 (25.5)	12/68 (17.6)	NS
Low risk stigmata	105/141 (74.4)	56/68 (82.3)	NS
F1a	7/141 (4.9)	3/68 (4.4)	NS
F1b	13/141 (9.2)	5/68 (7.3)	NS
F2a	16/141 (11.3)	4/68 (5.8)	NS
F2b	32/141 (22.6)	13/68 (19.1)	NS
F2c	8/141 (5.6)	7/68 (10.2)	NS
F3	65/141 (46.0)	37/68 (54.4)	NS
Ulcer diameter < 1 cm	117/141 (82.9)	57/68 (83.8)	NS
Ulcer diameter > 1 cm	24/141 (17.0)	11/68 (16.1)	NS
Endoscopic therapy	78/267 (29.2)	28/132 (21.2)	NS

NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; F: Forrest; NS: No significance.

Table 3 Co-morbidity of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding n (%)

	Group A (65-80 yr)	Group B (> 80 yr)	P (95% CI)
No co-morbidity (Stage 0)	33/269 (12.3)	8/147 (5.4)	0.04 (1.09-5.4)
Presence of co-morbidity	236/269 (87.7)	139/147 (94.6)	0.04 (1.09-5.4)
Stage 1	56/269 (20.8)	34/147 (23.1)	NS
Stage 2	146/269 (54.3)	84/147 (57.1)	NS
Stage 3	34/269 (12.6)	21/147 (14.3)	NS
Hypertension	87/269 (32.3)	63/147 (42.8)	0.04 (0.42-0.96)
Cardiovascular diseases	126/269 (46.8)	87/147 (59.2)	0.02 (0.4-0.91)
Malignancy	30/269 (11.1)	14/147 (9.5)	NS
Pulmonary disease	26/269 (9.6)	12/147 (8.1)	NS
Neurologic diseases	21/269 (7.8)	14/147 (9.5)	NS
Cirrhosis	19/269 (7.0)	3/147 (2.0)	0.05 (1.06-12.54)
Diabetes mellitus	65/269 (24.1)	28/147 (19.0)	NS
Renal disease	12/269 (4.4)	11/147 (7.5)	NS

NS: No significance.