Sphincter-preserving R0 total mesorectal excision with resection of internal genitalia combined with pre- or postoperative chemoradiation for T4 rectal cancer in females

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients, tumors, treatment and survival

Parameter	n (%)	Survival rate (%)	P
Age ≤ 60 yr	9 (42.8)	66.7	NS
> 60 yr	12 (57.2)	41.8
Tumor site > 7 cm	15 (71.4)	68.1	NS
≤ 7 cm	6 (28.6)	42.9
Differentation grade			NS
Well/moderate	12 (57.2)	55.6
Poor	9 (42.8)	50.0
Anemia: absent	18 (85.7)	57.4	NS
present	3 (14.3)	51.5
Lymph node-status: (-)	7 (33.3)	85.7	< 0.05
(+)	14 (66.7)	35.7
Chemoradiation
Preoperative	10 (47.6)	80.0	< 0.05
Postoperative	11 (52.4)	27.3

NS: not significant.

Table 2 Impact of chemoradiation on intra- and postoperative variables

Parameter	Preoperative	Postoperative	P
Surgery duration	155 min	137 min	NS
Intraoperative blood loss ≥ 1 L	1	1	NS
Intraoperative bowel perforation	Absent	Absent	-
Postoperative bladder disturbances	3	2	NS
Postoperative anorectal dysfunction	6	5	NS
Minimal distal clearance	10.6 mm	9.5 mm	NS
Minimal radial clearance	4.2 mm	1.1 mm	< 0.01

NS: not significant.