Clinical Research
Copyright ©2007 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 28, 2007; 13(12): 1805-1810
Published online Mar 28, 2007. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i12.1805
Table 1 Demographic data of the total study population and the subgroups defined by HBVC1 and SFL2 positive or negative status mean ± SD
CharacteristicsAll cases(n = 5406)All cases classified by HBVC(n = 5406)
All cases classified by SFL(n = 5406)
HBVC (-) (n = 4589)HBVC (+) (n = 817)SFL (-) (n = 3603)SFL (+) (n = 1803)
Age (yr)46.2 ± 9.446.3 ± 9.545.9 ± 8.845.3 ± 9.648.0 ± 8.7d
BMI (kg/m2)23.5 ± 3.323.5 ± 3.323.7 ± 3.422.3 ± 2.725.9 ± 3.1d
Waist (cm)82.6 ± 9.282.5 ± 9.183.2 ± 9.879.9 ± 8.587.8 ± 8.3d
AST (U/L)22.8 ± 9.622.1 ± 8.326.9 ± 14.0b21.6 ± 9.125.3 ± 10.1d
ALT (U/L)25.8 ± 19.924.3 ± 1734 ± 30.4b21.6 ± 16.534.0 ± 23.3d
Male, n(%)2760 (51.1)2271 (49.5)489 (59.9)b1598 (44.4)1162 (64.5)d
Overweight, n (%)2237 (41.4)1883 (41.0)354 (43.3)920 (25.5)1317 (73.0)d
Central obesity, n (%)1038 (19.2)883 (19.2)155 (19.0)545 (15.1)493 (27.3)d
SFL, n (%)1803 (33.4)1526 (33.3)277 (33.9)
HBsAg-positive, n (%)817 (15.1)540 (15.0)277 (15.4)
HBsAb-negative, n (%)1983 (36.7)1211 (26.4)1313 (36.4)670 (37.2)
LD, n (%)666 (12.3)472 (10.7)174 (21.3)b200 (5.6)466 (25.9)d
HBVC: hepatitis B virus carrier status; HBVC (-)/HBVC (+), non-carrier status/hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier status. SFL: sonographic fatty liver; SFL (-)/SFL (+), subject without SFL/subject with SFL. BMI: body mass index = Weight (kg)/Length (m)2; ALT: alanine aminotranferease (U/L); AST: aspartate aminotransferase (U/L); HBsAg: HBV surface antigen; HBsAb: anti-HBV surface antibody. BMI > 24. Waist circumference > 90 cm for men; > 80 cm for women. LD: liver damage defined as ALT > 40 (U/L).
bP < 0.01 vs reference subjects HBVC (-); Student's t test for continuous variables; χ2 tests for categorical variables.
dP < 0.01 vs reference subjects SFL(-); Student's t test for continuous variables; χ2 tests for categorical variables.
Table 2 Results of logistic multivariate regression analysis1 of LD2 and tested variables
Risk factorsAll cases
OR95%CL
Gender(male vs female)2.82.3-3.5
Overweight(yes vs no)1.61.3-2.0
Central obesity(yes vs no)1.00.8-1.3
SEL(yes vs no)4.23.3-5.3
HBVC(yes vs no)2.52.0-3.1
1Data were adjusted for age, gender, blood pressures, sugar, lipids and hepatitis C virus infection. LD: liver damage defined as ALT > 40; ALT: alanine aminotranferease (U/L). OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. BMI > 24; BMI: body mass index = Weight (kg)/Length (m)2. Waist circumference > 90 cm for men; > 80 cm for women. SFL: sonographic fatty liver. HBVC: hepatitis B virus carrier status.
Table 3 Characteristics of four subgroups classified by HBVC and SFL positive or negative status mean ± SD
CharacteristicsLiver status
HBVC(-) SFL(-) (n = 3063)HBVC(-) SFL(+) (n = 1526)HBVC(+) SFL(-) (n = 540)HBVC(+) SFL(+) (n = 277)
Age (yr)45.4 ± 9.747.9 ± 8.8b44.8 ± 8.848.2 ± 8.3b
BMI (kg/m2)22.3 ± 2.725.9 ± 3.0b22.5 ± 2.726.1 ± 3.2b
Waist (cm)79.9 ± 8.587.5 ± 8.0b79.9 ± 8.588.9 ± 9.4b
AST (U/L)20.9 ± 8.124.5 ± 8.3b25.6 ± 12.5b29.6 ± 16.4b
ALT (U/L)20.3 ± 14.632.3 ± 18.5b29.2 ± 23.3b43.3 ± 39.4b
Male, n(%)1310 (42.8)961 (63.0)b288 (53.3)b201 (72.6)b
Overweight, n (%)769 (25.1)1114 (73.0)b151 (28.0)203 (73.3)b
Central obesity, n (%)476 (15.5)407 (26.7)b69 (12.8)86 (31.1)b
LD, n (%)129 (4.2)363 (23.8)b71 (13.2)a103 (37.2)b
HBsAb-negative, n (%)797 (26.0)414 (27.1)
HBVC, hepatitis B virus carrier status. SFL, sonographic fatty liver. HBVC (-) SFL (-), without SFL nor HBVC; HBVC (-) SFL (+), SFL-alone; HBVC (+) SFL (-), HBVC-alone; HBVC (+) SFL (+), SFL plus HBVC. BMI, body mass index = Weight (kg)/Length (m)2. 5ALT, alanine aminotranferease (U/L); AST, aspartate aminotransferase (U/L); HBsAb, anti-hepatitis B surface antibody. BMI > 24. Waist circumference > 90 cm for men; > 80 cm for women. LD: liver damage defined as ALT > 40 (U/L).
aP < 0.01 and
bP < 0.01 vs reference subjects HBVC (-) SFL (-); Student's t test for continuous variables; χ2 tests for categorical variables.
Table 4 Prevalence and odds ratio of LD for single or combined states of HBVC and SFL
Liver status
Liver damage rate(%)OR95% CISI95% CI
SFLHBVC
(-)(-)4.21.0ReferenceNo risk-
(-)(+)13.2b3.32.4 - 4.6One risk only-
(+)(-)23.8b4.73.7 - 6.1One risk only-
(+)(+)37.2b9.56.8 - 13.31.41.001 - 2.0
LD: liver damage defined as ALT > 40 (U/L); ALT: alanine aminotranferease (U/L). HBVC: hepatitis B virus carrier status. SFL: sonographic fatty liver. OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; data were adjusted for age, gender, blood pressures, sugar, lipids and hepatitis C virus infection. SI: synergy index, Ref [18].
bP < 0.01 vs reference subjects; data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.