Prognostic factors in patients with node-negative gastric carcinoma: A comparison with node-positive gastric carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical features of patients with node-negative and -positive gastric carcinoma

Variables	Node-negative(n = 1524) (%)	Node-positive(n = 1324) (%)	P value
Age (mean, yr)	56.9 ± 11.1	57.1 ± 11.6	NS
Gender			NS
Male	988 (64.8)	889 (67.1)
Female	536 (35.2)	435 (32.9)
Extent of lymph node dissection			NS
<D2	262 (17.2)	246 (18.6)
≥D2	1,262 (82.8)	1,078 (81.4)
Operative type			< 0.001
Total gastrectomy	251 (16.5)	383 (28.9)
Subtotal gastrectomy	1,226 (80.4)	902 (68.1)
Proximal gastrectomy	12 (0.8)	3 (0.3)
Others	35 (2.3)	36 (2.7)
Curability			< 0.001
Curative	1,492 (97.9)	1,024 (77.3)
Non-curative	32 (2.1)	300 (22.7)
Recurrence			< 0.001
Locoregional	29 (13.2)	46 (8.5)
Peritoneum	163 (74.1)	480 (88.4)
Others	28 (12.7)	17 (3.1 )

NS, not significant.

Table 2 Histopathologic features of node-negative and -positive gastric carcinoma

Variables	Node-negative(n = 1524) (%)	Node-positive(n = 1324) (%)	P value
Tumor size (mean, cm)	2.9 ± 2.0	5.0 ± 2.7	< 0.001
Location			NS
Upper	123 (8.1)	141 (10.7)
Middle	443 (29.0)	358 (27.0)
Lower	946 (62.1)	783 (59.1)
Whole	12 (0.8)	42 (3.2)
Macroscopic appearance			NS
EGC
Elevated	161 (20.0)	27 (24.1)
Depressed	572 (71.2)	69 (61.6)
Flat	71 (8.8)	16 (14.3)
Borrmann type			< 0.001
1	47 (6.5)	54 (4.5)
2	183 (25.4)	218 (18.0)
3	441 (61.3)	812 (67.0)
4	49 (6.8)	128 (10.5)
Depth of invasion			< 0.001
T1	804 (52.8)	112 (8.5)
T2	343 (22.5)	170 (12.8)
T3	338 (22.1)	856 (64.7)
T4	39 (2.6)	186 (14.0)
Hepatic metastasis			< 0.001
H (-)	1,519 (99.7)	1,269 (95.8)
H (+)	5 (0.3)	55 (4.2)
Peritoneal dissemination			< 0.001
P (-)	1,509 (99.0)	1,179 (89.0)
P (+)	15 (1.0)	145 (11.0)
Histologic type			<0.001
Well-differentiated	355 (23.3)	165 (12.5)
Moderately differentiated	352 (23.1)	339 (25.6)
Poorly differentiated	536 (35.1)	642 (48.5)
Signet ring cell	189 (12.4)	59 (4.5)
Mucinous	53 (3.5)	95 (7.1)
Others	39 (2.6)	24 (1.8)
Stage			<0.001
I	1,145 (75.1)	91 (6.9)
II	324 (21.3)	124 (9.4)
III	30 (2.0)	689 (52.0)
IV	25 (1.6)	420 (31.7)

NS, not significant

Table 3 Prognostic significance by univariate analysis of variables for patients with lymph node-negative gastric carcinoma

Variables	5-year survival (%)	P value
Age (yr)		< 0.01
< 65	79.1
≥ 65	70.7
Gender		NS
Male	74.4
Female	81.3
Tumor size (cm)		< 0.001
< 2.0	88.5
2 - 4.9	79.2
≥ 5	53.6
Depth of invasion		< 0.001
T1, T2	88.4
T3, T4	55.4
Location		< 0.001
Upper third	49.9
Middle third	67.9
Lower third	62.3
Histologic type		NS
Differentiated	78.4
Undifferentiated	75.7
Operative type		< 0.001 NS
Total	61.5
Subtotal	80.9
Extent of lymph node dissection
< D2	67.6
≥ D2	77.3
Stage		< 0.001
I	88.4
II	61.5
III	17.9
IV	22.3

NS, not significant

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of significant prognostic factors for survival in lymph node negative gastric carcinoma patients using Cox proportional hazard regression model

Variables	Risk ratio	95% CI	P value
Age(yr) (< 65 vs ≥65)	1.354	0.95-1.92	NS
Gender (male vs female)	0.923	0.66-1.28	NS
Location (upper vs distal)	0.731	0.49-1.09	NS
Tumor size (mm) (< 50 vs ≥50)	1.513	1.06-2.21	< 0.05
Histologic type (differentiated vs. undifferentiated)	0.749	0.55-1.02	NS
Serosal invasion (negative vs positive)	3.409	2.42-4.80	< 0.001
Extent of lymph node dissection (< D2 vs ≥ D2)	1.188	0.56-2.50	NS
Curability (curative vs non-curative)	3.84	2.11-7.00	< 0.001
Esophageal invasion (negative vs positive)	1.007	0.34-2.97	NS

CI, confidence interval; NS, not significant.