Abdo AA, Al-Jarallah BM, Sanai FM, Hersi AS, Al-Swat K, Azzam NA, Al-Dukhayil M, Al-Maarik A, Al-Faleh FZ. Hepatitis B genotypes: Relation to clinical outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Saudi Arabia. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12(43): 7019-7024 [PMID: 17109498 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i43.7019]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Dr. Ayman A Abdo, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 2925 (59), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia. abdoayman@hotmail.com
Article-Type of This Article
Rapid Communication
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 21, 2006; 12(43): 7019-7024 Published online Nov 21, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i43.7019
Table 1 Biochemical, hematological and virological parameters of all enrolled patients distributed across the four groups
Parameter (mean value)
Group 1(n = 17)
Group 2(n = 22)
Group 3(n = 19)
Group 4(n = 12)
P
ALT (U/L)
41.88
177.7
52
96
0.001
AST (U/L)
22
80
55.3
150
0.001
ALP (U/L)
100
111
116.4
238.8
0.001
INR
1.3
1.1
1.4
1.2
0.003
Bilirubin (μmol/L)
10
13.8
40.4
30
0.001
Albumin (g/L)
40
37.6
28.9
25.4
0.005
WBC (109/L)
7.1
6.1
4.9
7.2
0.160
Hemoglobin (g/L)
125
129.6
118.4
62
0.740
Platelets (109/L)
253
202
121.3
213
0.230
HBV DNA level
< 200 copies/mL
5
2
3
1
NS
200-105 copies/mL
10
8
8
8
NS
> 105 copies/mL
2
12
8
3
NS
Table 2 HBV genotype distribution across different stages of liver disease and in relation to HBeAg status in 70 patients
Study cohort (n)
HBV genotype % (n)
D
E
A
C
Mixed
Group 1 (17)
58.8 (10)
-
5.9 (1)
-
35.3 (6)
Group 2 (22)
95.5 (21)
-
-
4.5 (1)
-
Group 3 (19)
84.2 (16)
15.8 (3)
-
-
-
Group 4 (12)
83.3 (10)
8.3 (1)
-
-
8.3 (1)
HBeAg + (18)
88.9 (16)
-
5.6 (1)
5.6 (1)
-
HBeAg - (52)
78.8 (41)
7.7 (4)
-
-
13.5 (7)
Table 3 Hepatitis B virus genotype D patients’ biochemical, hematological and virological parameters distributed across the four groups (mean ± SD)
Parameter
Group 1(n = 10)
Group 2(n = 21)
Group 3(n = 16)
Group 4(n = 10)
P
Age (yr)
45 ± 18
35 ± 9.9
52.1 ± 7.7
61 ± 12
0.015
ALT (U/L)
40.3 ± 8
176.9 ± 100.7
54.1 ± 30.4
99.3 ± 79.9
0.001
AST (U/L)
21.1 ± 6.5
78.6 ± 56.8
63.8 ± 48.5
158.3 ± 167.6
0.001
ALP (U/L)
98.6 ± 39.9
112.6 ± 41
143.8 ± 6.2
239.9 ± 201
0.001
Bilirubin (μmol/L)
10.6 ± 4.9
14.1 ± 10.2
48.6 ± 60.4
27.8 ± 23.2
0.001
Albumin (g/L)
41.5 ± 3.2
37.8 ± 4.6
27.8 ± 7.9
24.7 ± 8.4
0.007
WBC (109/L)
7.5 ± 2.2
6.3 ± 1.7
6.12 ± 3.1
6.2 ± 1.9
0.100
Hemoglobin (g/L)
127.7 ± 42.5
129.2 ± 57.5
65.5 ± 55.9
62.5 ± 54.5
0.704
Platelets (109/ L)
250 ± 84.3
207.2 ± 56
130.8 ± 56
217.6 ± 97.4
0.113
HBeAg -/+
5/5
12/9
15/1
9/1
0.024
Table 4 Predisposing factors for advanced hepatitis B virus genotype D liver disease
Variable
Coefficient
95% CI
P
Age
-0.01
-0.02 to 0.0005
< 0.001
Univariate analysis
Gender
0.5
0.03 to 1.1
< 0.001
AST
0.2
0.09 to 0.3
< 0.001
ALT
0.04
0.01 to 0.03
< 0.001
ALK
0.01
-0.001 to 0.02
< 0.001
Albumin
-0.2
-0.3 to -0.9
< 0.001
Bilirubin
0.08
0.0009 to 0.1
< 0.001
Multivariate analysis
Hemoglobin
-0.05
-0.08 to -0.03
0.001
Albumin
-0.004
-0.007 to -0.001
0.002
Citation: Abdo AA, Al-Jarallah BM, Sanai FM, Hersi AS, Al-Swat K, Azzam NA, Al-Dukhayil M, Al-Maarik A, Al-Faleh FZ. Hepatitis B genotypes: Relation to clinical outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Saudi Arabia. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12(43): 7019-7024