Influence of acid and bile acid on ERK activity, PPARγ expression and cell proliferation in normal human esophageal epithelial cells

Table 1 Effect of acid and bile acid on cell cycle

	3 min		6 min		12 min
	S (%)	A (%)	S (%)	A (%)	S (%)	A (%)
pH 4.0	32.94 ± 1.87 a	0.89 ± 0.08	24.12 ± 2.08 a	2.89 ± 0.11 a	21.77 ± 1.53 a	3.50 ± 0.16 a
pH 5.0	35.51 ± 1.93 a	0.73 ± 0.05	26.68 ± 1.91 a	1.70 ± 0.09 a	25.53 ± 1.72 a	1.98 ± 0.09 a
pH 6.0	33.28 ± 2.05 a	0.85 ± 0.07	27.83 ± 1.06 a	1.56 ± 0.15 a	25.49 ± 1.95 a	1.63 ± 0.10 a
GC	33.12 ± 1.51 a	0.92 ± 0.05	35.03 ± 2.06 a	0.82 ± 0.10	36.83 ± 1.95 a	0.71 ± 0.09
TC	35.44 ± 2.11 a	0.76 ± 0.09	37.05 ± 2.14 a	0.90 ± 0.10	36.96 ± 2.04 a	0.80 ± 0.11
CA	34.89 ± 2.56 a	0.88 ± 0.09	34.59 ± 1.97 a	0.73 ± 0.07	37.04 ± 1.81 a	0.93 ± 0.08
DCA	33.37 ± 1.64 a	0.81 ± 0.07	34.21 ± 1.98 a	0.85 ± 0.16	36.57 ± 1.82 a	0.79 ± 0.14
Control	29.61 ± 1.82	0.64 ± 0.10	30.56 ± 1.12	0.71 ± 0.09	32.58 ± 1.89	0.58 ± 0.13

S: S phase; A: Apoptosis; ^aP < 0.05.