Brief Reports
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2005.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2005; 11(32): 5037-5043
Published online Aug 28, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i32.5037
Table 1 Clinical characteristics of two SARS patients
P1P2
Age (yr)5740
GenderMaleFemale
Body temperature (°C)39.236.8
White cell count (×109/L)13.34.67
Neutrophil (×109/L)12.83.25
Lymphocyte (×109/L)0.4060.897
CD3+ (/µL)359791
CD4+CD3+/CD3+ (%)8658
CD8+CD3+/CD3+ (%)1336
CD4+CD8+CD3+/CD3+ (%)42
CD4+/CD8+6.381.62
Monocyte (×109/L)0.1220.442
Eosinophil (×109/L)0.0040.033
Basophil (×109/L)0.0090.041
OutcomeDeathRehabilitation
Table 2 Primer sequence used in real-time quantitative PCR analysis
Accession numberDescriptionForward primer (5’→3’)Reverse primer (5’→3’)
NM_000634IL-8R αGGAACTGGTGTCTTCAGGGCATCTAATGTCAGATTCGGGG
NM_003855IL-18R1GGGTATTACTCCTGCGTGCACCATTTTCTTCCCCGAACATCC
BC025925GAPDHGGTATCGTGGAAGGACTCATGACATGCCAGTGAGCTTCCCGTTCAGC
Table 3 Comparison of microarray and real-time quantitative PCR analysis on selected genes (mean±SD)
Gene descriptionTechniquesP1P2
IL-8R αMicroarray73.52
Real-time qPCR11.63±0.150.37±0.09
IL-18R1Microarray42.33
Real-time qPCR48.55±0.360.38±0.27
Table 4 Functional categories of over 2.0-fold-regulated genes in two SARS patients
ClassificationP1P2
Cell communication802 (518↑284↓)288 (116↑172↓)
Cell differentiation65 (33↑32↓)24 (6↑12↓)
Cellular physiological process1 056 (645↑411↓)406 (188↑218↓)
Coagulation42 (25↑17↓)17 (6↑11↓)
Development316 (202↑114↓)132 (50↑82↓)
Death166 (116↑50↓)80 (45↑35↓)
Extracellular structure3 (1↑2↓)2 (2↓)
organization and biogenesis
Homeostasis30 (13↑17↓)11 (8↑3↓)
Metabolism1 497 (867↑630↓)512 (191↑330↓)
Obsolete biological process1 (1↓)1 (1↓)
Organismal physiological process467 (278↑189↓)198 (110↑88↓)
Pathogenesis1 (1↑)2 (2↑)
Regulation of cell process57 (57↓)88 (48↑40↓)
Response to stimulus532 (317↑215↓)232 (124↑108↓)
Viral life cycle15 (7↑8↓)10 (5↑5↓)
Behavior14 (8↑6↓)6 (1↑5↓)
Total3 854 (2 273↑1 581↓)1 380 (527↑853↓)
Table 5 Differentially expressed genes encoding pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are involved in IL-1 and TNF-α signaling cassettes in two patients
GenBank accessDefinitionP1P2
Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and receptors
AF043337IL-88–2.46
NM_000634IL-8 receptor, α73.52
NM_001557IL-8 receptor, β51.984.29
NM_000575IL-1, α3.73
NM_000576IL-1, β6.511.31
NM_000877IL-1 receptor, type I18.38
NM_004633IL-1 receptor, type II362.043.84
U64094Soluble type II IL-1 receptor630.35
NM_003856IL-1 receptor-like 111.313.25
U65590IL-1 receptor antagonist IL-1Ra14.93
AF051151Toll/IL-1 receptor-like protein 314.93
NM_000418IL-4 receptor13.93
NM_000600IL-63.03
NM_002184IL-6 signal transducer gp130–2.14
BC001903IL-10 receptor, β4
NM_004512IL-11 receptor, α–6.06–2.30
NM_001560IL-13 receptor, α13.25
U62858IL-13 receptor5.66
U81380.2IL-13 receptor soluble form4.29
NM_000585IL-15–3.032
NM_004513IL-16–2.83
NM_014339IL-17 receptor4.29
NM_003855IL-18 receptor 142.22
NM_003853IL-18 receptor accessory protein19.7
AF269133Novel interleukin receptor–3.03
NM_004862TNF-α17.15
NM_001065TNFRSF1A4
NM_003841TNFRSF10C19.7
NM_000760G-CSF 3 receptor25.99
BC002635GM-CSF 2 receptor, α, low-affinity3.03
M64445GM-CSF receptor4.922.64
NM_002607Platelet-derived growth factor α polypeptide–2.46
NM_004347Caspase 54.59
NM_000201Intercellular adhesion molecule 117.15
NM_002162Intercellular adhesion molecule 36.28
NM_003243Transforming growth factor, β receptor III–36.76–4.59
NM_003242Transforming growth factor, β receptor II–2.30
NM_000358Transforming growth factor, β-induced, 68 ku–24.25
The genes involved in the IL-1 signaling pathway
NM_007199IL-1 receptor-associated kinase M19.7
NM_002182IL-1 receptor accessory protein25.99
AF167343Soluble IL-1 receptor accessory protein55.72
M87507IL-1 β convertase3.25
U13698IL-1-β converting enzyme isoform γ3.03
U13699IL-1-β converting enzyme isoform δ2.14
U13700IL-1-β converting enzyme isoform ε2.64
The TNF signal downstream genes
NM_004619TNF receptor-associated factor 5–2.00
NM_016614TRAF and TNF receptor-associated protein3.84–2.30
NM_006290TNF-α induced protein 35.66
NM_007115TNF-α induced protein 645.254.92
AB034747Small integral membrane protein of lysosome late endosome7.46
U50062RIP protein kinase–2.00
Table 6 Differentially expressed genes involved in immune regulation in two SARS cases
GenBank accessDefinitionP1P2
IFN and IFN-induced genes
M29383IFN-γ2.14
NM_000416IFN-γ receptor 14.59
NM_005534IFN-γ receptor 23.84
NM_000629IFN (α, β, and ω) receptor 14.29
NM_002198IFN regulatory factor 13.84
NM_002460IFN regulatory factor 4–2.30
NM_004030IFN regulatory factor 73.25
BC001356IFN-induced protein 352.83
M34455IFN-γ-inducible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase5.66
NM_001548IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 13.03
NM_001549IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 46.06
NM_002053Guanylate binding protein 1, IFN-inducible3.03
NM_004120.2Guanylate binding protein 2, IFN-inducible3.73
NM_022873IFN-α-inducible protein6.5
NM_003641IFN-induced transmembrane protein 1 (9-27)2.3
NM_004509IFN-induced protein 412.14
NM_005532IFN-α inducible protein 2714.93
NM_005101IFN-stimulated protein, 15 ku6.5
NM_006417IFN-induced, hepatitis C-associated microtubular aggregate protein–2.462.64
NM_002759PKR2.14
NM_002462Mx12.14
Chemokines and receptors
NM_001511GRO155.72
NM_002993Granulocyte chemotactic protein 23.73
NM_001565CXCL1014.93
AF030514CXCL1118.38
AJ224869CXCR46.52.83
M21121RANTES–13.93
NM_001295CCR13.84
NM_000648CCR2–9.19–3.25
NM_001837CCR36.5
NM_000579CCR5–3.25–4.00
NM_001838CCR7–3.73–2.64
U20350CX3CR1–42.22
Toll-like receptors
NM_003264Toll-like receptor 28
NM_003265Toll-like receptor 3–3.25–2.30
NM_003266Toll-like receptor 43.73–2.64
NM_016562Toll-like receptor 7–17.152.3
Table 7 Differentially expressed genes involving MAPK or JAK-STAT signaling pathways in two SARS cases
GenBank accessDefinitionP1P2
U35002JNK2 β1 protein kinase–2.00–2.14
U31601JAK-3B10.56
NM_007315STAT-12.14
NM_005419STAT-23.03
NM_003151STAT-4–2.30
NM_012448STAT5B8.57
AB005043STAT induced STAT inhibitor 15.663.03
NM_003955STAT induced STAT inhibitor 34.92
NM_002745MAPK 14
NM_002748MAPK 63.73
NM_001315MAPK 149.19
NM_004759MAPK-activated protein kinase 24.29
NM_003668MAPK-activated protein kinase 5–2.46
NM_001674Activating transcription factor 32.465.27
NM_007348Activating transcription factor 63.73