Wong LL, Limm WM, Tsai N, Severino R. Hepatitis B and alcohol affect survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11(23): 3491-3497 [PMID: 15962361 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i23.3491]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Linda L. Wong, MD, 2226 Liliha Street, Suite 402, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817, United States. hepatoma@aol.com
Article-Type of This Article
Liver Cancer
Open-Access Policy of This Article
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World J Gastroenterol. Jun 21, 2005; 11(23): 3491-3497 Published online Jun 21, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i23.3491
Table 1 Demographics, risk factors for HCC by ethnicity.
Characteristic
Asians
Non-Asians
Pacific Isl
P
Patients
193
42
27
Mean age (yr)
61.4
61.3
53.4
0.0035
Males:females
2.06:1
7.4:1
2.86:1
0.025
Hepatitis B, %
46
4.8
50
<0.0001
Hepatitis C, %
26.6
53.7
37
0.0024
Alcohol abuse, %
31.6
52.4
42.3
0.031
Diabetes, %
29.1
39
11.1
0.044
Smoking, %
47.8
48.6
59.1
NS
IV drug use, %
4.8
35
20
<0.0001
Tattoos, %
1.1
12.5
4.2
0.001
Vertical transmit, %
24.8
2.6
11.1
0.0049
Transfusions, %
6.9
0
0
NS
Table 2 Risk factors by subgroups of Asian ethnicities.
Asian ethnicity
n
Hepatitis B, %
Hepatitis C, %
Alcohol abuse, %
Japanese
84
26.8
29.3
36.9
Chinese
40
77
12.8
10
Filipino
38
67.6
22.2
44.7
Korean
24
75
30.4
29.2
Southeast Asian
7
57.1
71.4
28.6
Table 3 Stage and treatment by ethnicity.
Asians
Non-Asians
Pac Islander
P
Patients
193
42
27
Stage I
11
1
0
NS
Stage II
94
26
11
NS
Stage III
26
5
5
NS
Stage IV
62
9
11
NS
AFP <20
61/189 (32)
14/37 (37.8)
5/26 (19.2)
NS
CLIP <2
102/192 (53.1)
23/41 (56.1)
6/27 (22.2)
0.008
Child’s A
120
21
14
Child’s B
61
11
9
Child’s C
10
8
2
0.036
Liver resection
46
5
5
NS
Liver transplant
14
7
0
0.037
Table 4 Median/mean survival.
Characteristic
Mean (yr)
Median (yr)
P
Race
Asians (n = 193)
2.26±0.15
1.52
NS
Non-Asians (n = 42)
3.38±0.43
3.53
Pacific Islanders (n = 27)
2.83±0.56
1.86
Asians+Pacific Islanders (n = 220)
2.52±0.18
1.56
= 0.045
Non-Asians (n = 42)
3.38±0.43
3.54
Birthplace
US born (n = 126)
2.66±0.24
2.07
NS
Foreign born (n = 99)
2.64±0.22
2.39
Asian-US born (n = 85)
2.25±0.22
1.60
NS
Asian-foreign born (n = 84)
2.52±0.23
2.29
ETOH
No (n = 166)
2.90±0.20
2.40
= 0.005
Yes (n = 94)
2.10±0.25
1.34
Hepatitis B
No (n = 141)
2.98±0.23
2.40
= 0.023
Yes (n = 115)
2.04±0.19
1.41
AFP
< 20 ng/dL (n = 79)
3.31±0.29
3.69
= 0.0013
≥20 ng/dL (n = 172)
2.23±0.19
1.34
CLIP score
<2 (n = 130)
3.26±0.21
3.69
<0.0001
≥2 (n = 129)
1.89±0.23
0.81
Child’s class
A (n = 154)
2.97±0.21
2.73
= 0.0055
B (n = 81)
2.07±0.26
1.29
C (n = 20)
0.76±0.15
0.76
Citation: Wong LL, Limm WM, Tsai N, Severino R. Hepatitis B and alcohol affect survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11(23): 3491-3497