Applications of gray relational analysis in gastroenterology

Table 1 Baseline values in four patients before treatment.

No. (k)	Age (yr) (x1)	Course of jaundice (mo) (x2)	Toughness degree of liver (x3)	Liver below costal arch (cm) (x4)	Liver below xiphoid (cm) (x5)	Splenomegaly (cm) (x6)
1	55	5.0	3	3	6	0
2	43	2.0	2	3	7	1
3	27	0.7	2	6	4	4
4	48	1.0	3	2	0	2

Table 2 Hepatic functions in four patients before and after albendazole treatment.

No. (k)	Bilirubin (mmol/L) (x7)		One minute bilirubin (mmol/L) (x8)		ALP (IU) (x9)		GOT (x10)		A/G (g/L) (x11)
	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
1	89.2	14.2	11.3	2.1	176.6	28.4	30.0	30.0	45.5/37.5	44.2/27.5
2	60.2	8.9	8.0	0.5	58.0	51.0	76.0	30.0	41.0/56.0	45.1/33.9
3	62.0	8.9	23.4	0.9	481.0	10.6	72.0	63.0	28.0/54.0	48.0/36.0
4	212.9	17.0	129.2	1.9	463.0	247.0	135.0	30.0	33.0/45.0	45.0/27.0

Table 3 Improved ratio of hepatic functions after treatment.

k	x7	x8	x9	x10	x11
1	0.84081	0.81416	0.83902	0.00000	0.32468
2	0.85216	0.93750	0.12069	0.60526	0.81711
3	0.98074	0.96154	0.97796	0.12500	1.57141
4	0.92015	0.98529	0.46652	0.77778	1.27274

Table 4 Results of correlation analysis.

	x7	x8	x9	x10	x11
x1	-0.81774	-0.59309	-0.27907	0.10911	-0.77759
	0.1823	0.4069	0.7209	0.8909	0.2224
x2	-0.78666	-0.98054	0.15755	-0.56181	-0.98954
	0.2133	0.0195	0.8425	0.4382	0.0105
x3	-0.31909	-0.37737	0.15463	0.06341	-0.45498
	0.6809	0.6226	0.8454	0.9366	0.5450
x4	0.66573	0.12652	0.63044	-0.59213	0.40379
	0.3343	0.8735	0.3696	0.4079	0.5962
x5	-0.56410	-0.60064	-0.11905	-0.52589	-0.57561
	0.4359	0.3994	0.8810	0.4741	0.4244
x6	0.97814	0.72219	0.38317	0.03476	0.90090
	0.0219	0.2778	0.6168	0.9652	0.0991

Note: The upper numbers are the correlation coefficients between corresponding variables and the lower numbers are the P values.

Table 5 Raw data in four groups.

Group (i) k	n	n	Disappearance of symptoms		Eradication of H pylori		Active mucitis fading		Ulcer cure
			Rate (%) (1)	Time (d) (2)	n	Rate (%) (3)	n	Rate (%) (4)	n	Rate (%) (5)
A (x1)	14	14	100	3.8	11	78.6	9/13	69.2	12	85.7
B (x2)	15	15	100	3.6	10	66.7	9/13	69.2	11	73.3
C (x3)	14	10	71.4a	6.8	11	78.6	9/12	75	9	64.3
D (x4)	15	15	100	3.7	2	13.3b	3/12	25	9	60
Ideal (x0)			100	3.6		78.6		75		85.7

^aP<0.05,

^bP<0.01 vs other groups; i=A, B, C, D=1, 2, 3, 4; k=1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Table 6 Gray relational coefficients between ideals (x₀) and other groups (x_i).

Group (i) k	Disappearance of symptoms		Eradication of H pylori	Active mucitis fadin	Ulcer cure
	Rate (%) (1)	Time (d) (2)	Rate (%) (3)	Rate (%) (4)	Rate (%)(5)
A (1)	1	0.9175	1	0.8481	1
B (2)	1	1	0.7328	0.8481	0.7547
C (3)	0.6302	0.4099	1	1	0.6407
D (4)	1	0.9569	0.3333	0.3932	0.6013

Table 7 Clinical materials of the subjects (mean±SD).

Groups	Number of subjects	Age (yr)	Number of males
Controls	30	31.7±7.2	19
CPH	28	35.2±9.1	20
CAH	21	34.9±6.9	16
LC	51	45.11±1.4	41

Table 8 Sensitivity of serum PC III, PLD and HA.

Marker	CPH	CAH	LC
PC III	28.6	100.0	88.2
PLD	0.0	57.1	90.2
HA	7.1	76.2	94.2