New endoscopic approaches in IBD

Figure 1 High-resolution standard white light endoscopic image of active Crohn’s disease. Endoscopy shows ulcerations, mucosal edema and erythema.

Figure 2 Chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine. A better distinction of mucosal changes in long standing ulcerative colitis (A) and pit pattern analysis of suspicious lesions (B).

Figure 3 Virtual chromoendoscopy using the fujinon intelligent color enhancement-system. A: Shows standard white light endoscopic image; B-D: Illustrate different fujinon intelligent color enhancement settings to improve mucosal detail.

Figure 4 High-magnification endoscopy of ileum mucosa in patient with Crohn’s disease without activity. Villi are clearly visualized.

Figure 5 Confocal laser endomicroscopy using either the integrated system (iCLE, A) or the probe-based system (pCLE, B) visualizes dilated microvessels, leakage and disturbed crypt architecture in active ulcerative colitis.

Figure 6 Endocytoscopy enables visualization of different cytological and architectural features, including size, arrangement, and density of cells.