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World J Gastroenterol. Apr 7, 2026; 32(13): 115649
Published online Apr 7, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i13.115649
Published online Apr 7, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i13.115649
Lean type 2 diabetes mellitus is an independent predictor of mortality in primary biliary cholangitis
Ting-Ting Yin, Hui-Ying Lin, Min Zhou, Jian-Wei Li, Qiu-Lan Mo, Hong-Jing Wang, Jie Chen, Hui-Ling Zhu, Yu-Ting Li, Meng-Yao Zheng, Jin-Hui Yang, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, Yunnan Province, China
Co-first authors: Ting-Ting Yin and Hui-Ying Lin.
Co-corresponding authors: Meng-Yao Zheng and Jin-Hui Yang.
Author contributions: Yin TT and Lin HY made equal contributions as co-first authors; Yin TT, Lin HY, and Zhou M contributed to the study design and manuscript preparation; Li JW, Mo QL, Wang HJ, Chen J, Zhu HL, and Li YT collected the clinical data; Zheng MY and Yang JH reviewed the data and revised the manuscript, contributed equally as co-corresponding authors. All authors approved the final version.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82160106; Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Fund Project, No. 2025J0270; and Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department Science and Technology Program Project, No. 202501AY070001-088.
Institutional review board statement: The present study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. YJ-2023-96.
Informed consent statement: The requirement for informed consent was waived by Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University due to retrospective nature of study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to ethical restrictions.
Corresponding author: Jin-Hui Yang, Chief Physician, Full Professor, Department of Gas
Received: October 22, 2025
Revised: December 16, 2025
Accepted: January 28, 2026
Published online: April 7, 2026
Processing time: 156 Days and 19 Hours
Revised: December 16, 2025
Accepted: January 28, 2026
Published online: April 7, 2026
Processing time: 156 Days and 19 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Although the adverse prognostic implications of lean diabetes have been documented in various disease contexts, its specific impact on clinical outcomes and underlying mechanisms in primary biliary cholangitis patients remain largely unexplored. This study represents the first comprehensive investigation that systematically evaluates the detrimental effects of lean diabetes on primary biliary cholangitis patient prognosis and critically examines the synergistic interaction and cooperative enhancement mechanisms between diabetes and lean phenotype.