New therapeutic perspectives in irritable bowel syndrome: Targeting low-grade inflammation, immuno-neuroendocrine axis, motility, secretion and beyond

doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i36.6593

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Sep 28, 2017 (publication date) through Feb 17, 2026

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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World J Gastroenterol. Sep 28, 2017; 23(36): 6593-6627
Published online Sep 28, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i36.6593

New therapeutic perspectives in irritable bowel syndrome: Targeting low-grade inflammation, immuno-neuroendocrine axis, motility, secretion and beyond

Emanuele Sinagra, Gaetano Cristian Morreale, Ghazaleh Mohammadian, Giorgio Fusco, Valentina Guarnotta, Giovanni Tomasello, Francesco Cappello, Francesca Rossi, Georgios Amvrosiadis, Dario Raimondo

Emanuele Sinagra, Francesca Rossi, Dario Raimondo, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto Giuseppe Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy

Emanuele Sinagra, Giovanni Tomasello, Francesco Cappello, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90100 Palermo, Italy

Emanuele Sinagra, Giovanni Tomasello, Francesco Cappello, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy

Gaetano Cristian Morreale, Georgios Amvrosiadis, Unit of Gastroenterology, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Vincenzo Cervello, 90100 Palermo, Italy

Ghazaleh Mohammadian, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden

Giorgio Fusco, Unit of Internal Medicine, Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Vincenzo Cervello, 90100 Palermo, Italy

Valentina Guarnotta, Section of Cardio-Respiratory and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy

Author contributions: Sinagra E designed the study; Sinagra E, Mohammadian G, Amvrosiadis G, Rossi F, Morreale GC wrote the paper; Guarnotta V, Cappello F and Fusco G contributed to the revision of the manuscript; Tomasello G and Raimondo D supervised the work.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that this research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors, thus disclosing any conflict of interests regarding such work.

Correspondence to: Dr. Emanuele Sinagra, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto Giuseppe Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, snc, 90015 Cefalù, Italy. emanuelesinagra83@googlemail.com

Telephone: +39-92-1920712 Fax: +39-92-1920406

Received: February 2, 2017
Peer-review started: February 8, 2017
First decision: March 16, 2017
Revised: April 15, 2017
Accepted: July 4, 2017
Article in press: July 4, 2017
Published online: September 28, 2017
Processing time: 235 Days and 8.1 Hours

Core Tip

Core tip: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, recurring, and remitting functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by abdominal pain, distention, and changes in bowel habits. Despite there are several drugs for IBS, effective and approved treatments for one or more of the symptoms for various IBS subtypes are needed. The understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms such as the role of impaired bile acid metabolism, neurohormonal regulation, immune dysfunction, the epithelial barrier and secretory properties of the gut has led to advancements in the treatment of IBS. This literature review aims to summarize the findings relating the new and investigational therapeutic agents for IBS, most recently developed in preclinical as well as Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical studies.