Selective intestinal decontamination for the prevention of early bacterial infections after liver transplantation

doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i26.5950

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Jul 14, 2016; 22(26): 5950-5957
Published online Jul 14, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i26.5950

Selective intestinal decontamination for the prevention of early bacterial infections after liver transplantation

Elena Resino, Rafael San-Juan, Jose Maria Aguado

Elena Resino, Rafael San-Juan, Jose Maria Aguado, Unit of Infectious Diseases, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid 28041, Spain

Author contributions: All authors equally contributed to this paper with conception and design of the study, literature review and analysis, drafting and critical revision and editing, and final approval of the final version.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors of the present manuscript do not have other commercial or other association that might pose a conflict of interest (e.g., pharmaceutical stock ownership, consultancy, advisory board membership, or relevant patents). There was not any specific financial support for the research described in the present manuscript.

Correspondence to: Elena Resino, PhD, Unit of Infectious Diseases, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Carretera de Andalucía Km. 5.4, Madrid 28041, Spain. elenaresinofoz@gmail.com

Telephone: +34-913-908000-4842 Fax: +34-914-695775

Received: March 26, 2016
Peer-review started: March 27, 2016
First decision: April 14, 2016
Revised: May 6, 2016
Accepted: May 21, 2016
Article in press: May 23, 2016
Published online: July 14, 2016
Processing time: 102 Days and 1.5 Hours

Core Tip

Core tip: Liver transplantation has become the treatment of choice for many liver diseases. It is currently a routine procedure but is still associated with significant morbidity being infectious complications the leading cause of death. Selective intestinal decontamination (SID) is a prophylactic strategy that consists of the administration of non-absorbable or systemic antibiotics with scarce anaerobicidal activity in order to prevent or minimize the impact of endogenous infections by potentially pathogenic microorganisms. In this review, we focus on the knowledge regarding the current role of SID in liver transplant recipients. Multiple studies have evaluated the role of SID in the critically ill patient, and several observational studies, randomized clinical trials and a meta-analysis have focused in liver transplantation. Our aim is to consolidate the current literature to better outline the impact of SID in the prevention of infections in this setting.