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©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 7, 2016; 22(25): 5655-5667
Published online Jul 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i25.5655
Published online Jul 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i25.5655
Oral pathology in inflammatory bowel disease
Miranda Muhvić-Urek, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Marija Tomac-Stojmenović, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Brankica Mijandrušić-Sinčić, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Author contributions: Muhvić-Urek M, Tomac-Stojmenović M and Mijandrušić-Sinčić B performed data acquisition and wrote the manuscript; Muhvić-Urek M and Mijandrušić-Sinčić B revised the manuscript; and Mijandrušić-Sinčić B approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Mijandrušić-Sinčić Brankica, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. brankica.sincic@medri.uniri.hr
Telephone: +385-99-4366292 Fax: +385-51-658826
Received: March 23, 2016
Peer-review started: March 24, 2016
First decision: May 12, 2016
Revised: May 27, 2016
Accepted: June 15, 2016
Article in press: June 15, 2016
Published online: July 7, 2016
Processing time: 102 Days and 18.4 Hours
Peer-review started: March 24, 2016
First decision: May 12, 2016
Revised: May 27, 2016
Accepted: June 15, 2016
Article in press: June 15, 2016
Published online: July 7, 2016
Processing time: 102 Days and 18.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis affect the intestinal tract, but can also present with extraintestinal manifestations and complications. In CD, disease-specific lesions with granulomatous changes can occur in the oral cavity. However, non-specific lesions are more common in IBD and are mostly caused by malnutrition and medications. All of the drug classes that are applied in the treatment of IBD can lead to lesions in the oral cavity. This paper offers an overview of the oral pathology with a detailed description of the complications related to malnutrition and IBD therapy.