Copyright
©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2016; 22(1): 221-231
Published online Jan 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.221
Published online Jan 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i1.221
Molecular imaging and therapy targeting copper metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma
Jason Wachsmann, Fangyu Peng, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8542, United States
Fangyu Peng, Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8542, United States
Fangyu Peng, Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8542, United States
Author contributions: Wachsmann J and Peng F analyzed the literature and wrote the manuscript.
Supported by (in part) A faculty research start-up fund to Peng F from the Carman and Ann Adams Foundation, Detroit, Michigan, United States, and Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Fangyu Peng, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-8542, United States. fangyu.peng@utsouthwestern.edu
Telephone: +1-214-6452625 Fax: +1-214-6456479
Received: April 29, 2015
Peer-review started: May 12, 2015
First decision: August 25, 2015
Revised: October 18, 2015
Accepted: November 13, 2015
Article in press: November 13, 2015
Published online: January 7, 2016
Processing time: 246 Days and 11.7 Hours
Peer-review started: May 12, 2015
First decision: August 25, 2015
Revised: October 18, 2015
Accepted: November 13, 2015
Article in press: November 13, 2015
Published online: January 7, 2016
Processing time: 246 Days and 11.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Copper is required for cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. This article provided an up-to-date review of copper metabolism as a novel theranostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Altered copper metabolism is not only a novel biomarker for molecular imaging of extrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma using radioactive copper, but is also a promising target for copper modulation and radionuclide therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.