Tsolakis AV, Grimelius L, Granerus G, Stridsberg M, Falkmer SE, Janson ET. Histidine decarboxylase and urinary methylimidazoleacetic acid in gastric neuroendocrine cells and tumours. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21(47): 13240-13249 [PMID: 26715806 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i47.13240]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Apostolos V Tsolakis, MD, PhD, Section of Endocrine Oncology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. apobtsol@hotmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Basic Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 21, 2015; 21(47): 13240-13249 Published online Dec 21, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i47.13240
Histidine decarboxylase and urinary methylimidazoleacetic acid in gastric neuroendocrine cells and tumours
Apostolos V Tsolakis, Lars Grimelius, Göran Granerus, Mats Stridsberg, Sture E Falkmer, Eva T Janson
Apostolos V Tsolakis, Eva T Janson, Section of Endocrine Oncology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
Lars Grimelius, Section of Genetics and Pathology, Department of Immunology, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
Göran Granerus, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
Mats Stridsberg, Section of Biochemical Endocrinology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
Sture E Falkmer, Department of Pathology, Ryhov County Hospital, SE-55185 Jönköping, Sweden
Author contributions: Tsolakis AV, Grimelius L, Falkmer SE and Janson ET contributed to conception and design of the study; Tsolakis AV, Grimelius L, Granerus G, Stridsberg M, Falkmer SE and Janson ET contributed to acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; Tsolakis AV, Grimelius L, Granerus G, Stridsberg M, Falkmer SE and Janson ET wrote and revised manuscript.
Supported by The Selander Foundation and the Foundation for Clinical Cancer Research in Jönköping.
Institutional review board statement: The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the local Research Ethics Board at Uppsala University Hospital.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Correspondence to: Apostolos V Tsolakis, MD, PhD, Section of Endocrine Oncology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. apobtsol@hotmail.com
Telephone: +46-18-6114913 Fax: +46-18-553943
Received: April 8, 2015 Peer-review started: April 9, 2015 First decision: June 19, 2015 Revised: August 27, 2015 Accepted: September 13, 2015 Article in press: September 14, 2015 Published online: December 21, 2015 Processing time: 251 Days and 3.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: It is suggested that only a fraction of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT-2) immunoreactive neuroendocrine cells in human oxyntic mucosa co-express histidine decarboxylase (HDC), and vice versa, suggesting that the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells may not represent a homogeneous cell population when examined for HDC immunoreactivity. Co-expression of VMAT-2 and HDC might be important for giving rise to increased histamine production in patients with ECL cell neuroendocrine tumours. Furthermore, an increase of urinary excretion of the main histamine metabolite methylimidazoleacetic acid was not always associated with hormonal symptoms. This result could be attributed to the rate of histamine release. A sudden rapid release will cause a flush, whereas a slower release will not.
