Hsieh CC, Hung CH, Lu L, Qian S. Hepatic immune tolerance induced by hepatic stellate cells. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21(42): 11887-11892 [PMID: 26576077 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.11887]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Ching-Chuan Hsieh, MD, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, 6 Sec. West Chia-Pu Road, Pu-Zi City, Chiayi 613, Taiwan. jeffrey570404@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Editorial
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Ching-Chuan Hsieh, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
Ching-Chuan Hsieh, Chien-Hui Hung, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
Lina Lu, Shiguang Qian, Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Transplantation Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
Lina Lu, Shiguang Qian, Department of General Surgery, Transplantation Center, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
Author contributions: Hsieh CC, Lu L and Qian S contributed to the conception, design, acquisition and interpretation of the data; Hung CH contributed to the revision of manuscript; all authors revised the article and approved the final version.
Supported by National Science Council, No. NSC 101-2314-B-182A-040-MY2 and No. CMRPG6A0523.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Ching-Chuan Hsieh, MD, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, 6 Sec. West Chia-Pu Road, Pu-Zi City, Chiayi 613, Taiwan. jeffrey570404@gmail.com
Telephone: +886-5-3621000 Fax: +886-5-3623002
Received: January 28, 2015 Peer-review started: January 29, 2015 First decision: April 13, 2015 Revised: April 27, 2015 Accepted: September 30, 2015 Article in press: September 30, 2015 Published online: November 14, 2015 Processing time: 286 Days and 22.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: The liver is an immune privileged organ that contains cells exhibiting powerful immune regulatory activity. Hepatic stellate cells (HpSCs) possess weak antigen-presenting ability and function as immunological bystander cells in the regulation of the immune response by the way of induction of effector T cell apoptosis and the generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells. The combination of these mechanisms indicates that HpSCs are a potent immunoregulatory entity capable of modulating immune responses in the liver. HpSCs can orchestrate both innate immunity and adaptive immunity to build a negative immune network that leads to immune tolerance. Further understanding of hepatic immune tolerance will provide the basis for developing new immunotherapies that target transplant rejection, chronic viral infection and cancer.
