Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis: Current knowledge and future directions

doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11654

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Nov 7, 2015; 21(41): 11654-11672
Published online Nov 7, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11654

Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinogenesis: Current knowledge and future directions

Aleksandra Sokic-Milutinovic, Tamara Alempijevic, Tomica Milosavljevic

Aleksandra Sokic-Milutinovic, Tamara Alempijevic, Tomica Milosavljevic, Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia and School of Medicine University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

Author contributions: Sokic-Milutinovic A, Alempijevic T and Milosavljevic T did literature research and wrote the paper; and Sokic-Milutinovic A approved final version of the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Correspondence to: Aleksandra Sokic-Milutinovic, MD, PhD, Professor, Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia and School of Medicine University of Belgrade, Koste Todorovica 6, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. asokicmilutinovic@gmail.com

Telephone: +381-11-3663734 Fax: +381-11-3615432

Received: May 21, 2015
Peer-review started: May 22, 2015
First decision: June 23, 2015
Revised: July 16, 2015
Accepted: September 22, 2015
Article in press: September 22, 2015
Published online: November 7, 2015
Processing time: 166 Days and 12.7 Hours

Core Tip

Core tip: Two main therapeutic strategies could reduce the incidence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related gastric cancer: eradication of the infection or vaccination. Success of a gastric cancer prevention strategy depends on the eradication of the infection or on vaccination before irreversible mucosal changes (severe atrophy, intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia) have occurred. Eradication therapy results are suboptimal due to increased antibiotic resistance in H. pylori and patient noncompliance. To improve the rates of eradication, rescue regimens have been developed. Concomitant and sequential protocols seem equally effective rescue strategies. An effective vaccine is not available at present, in spite of enormous effort by different researchers.