Immune and non-immune responses to hepatitis C virus infection

doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i38.10739

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Oct 14, 2015 (publication date) through Feb 13, 2026

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 14, 2015; 21(38): 10739-10748
Published online Oct 14, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i38.10739

Immune and non-immune responses to hepatitis C virus infection

Jiaren Sun, Ricardo Rajsbaum, MinKyung Yi

Jiaren Sun, Ricardo Rajsbaum, MinKyung Yi, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, United States

Author contributions: Sun J, Rajsbaum R and Yi M analyzed the literature and wrote the manuscript.

Supported by NIH AI109100 (to Sun J), R01AI110358 (to Yi M); and UTMB Institute for Human Infection and Immunity and UT System Rising STAR Award (to Rajsbaum R).

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interest to report.

Correspondence to: Jiaren Sun, MD, PhD, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555-1070, United States. jisun@utmb.edu

Telephone: +1-409-7470186 Fax: +1-409-7476869

Received: May 18, 2015
Peer-review started: May 20, 2015
First decision: June 23, 2015
Revised: July 6, 2015
Accepted: September 14, 2015
Article in press: September 14, 2015
Published online: October 14, 2015
Processing time: 148 Days and 21 Hours

Core Tip

Core tip: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an etiologic agent that can cause severe liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although newly available direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are very effective in viral clearance in patients, it remains unclear as to how many of the world’s infected individuals will benefit from the new DAAs. In this review, we focus on recent studies that address the host responses critical for viral clearance and disease resolution. Additional discussion is devoted to the prophylactic vaccine development and innate responses against HCV infection. Current theories on how the ubiquitin system and interferon-stimulated genes may affect HCV replication are also discussed.