Published online Jun 28, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i24.7653
Revised: January 5, 2014
Accepted: March 5, 2014
Published online: June 28, 2014
Processing time: 242 Days and 4.5 Hours
Core tip: Understanding the frequencies and clinical implications of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutations may contribute to improvement of diagnostic procedures, more proper planning of immunization programs and creating the most efficient therapeutic protocols. This paper brings an overview and latest research results on the most important, clinically relevant, HBV mutations. The covered topics include mutations involved in vaccine-escape phenomenon, resistance to currently available antiviral drugs, development of “occult” hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, fulminant hepatitis and hepatitis B e antigen-negative hepatitis, as well as the problem of these mutations in HBV/human immunodeficiency virus and HBV/hepatitis C virus co-infected patients.