Published online Dec 28, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i48.9216
Revised: October 7, 2013
Accepted: November 2, 2013
Published online: December 28, 2013
Processing time: 169 Days and 1.3 Hours
Core tip: An increasing number of treatment options for the management of fecal incontinence have been developed. In addition to traditional options such as sphincteroplasty and colostomy, non-surgical options such as biofeedback and dietary modification may be considered for mild incontinence. Injectable materials and radiofrequency energy delivery are two newer treatments for mild incontinence. Surgical options for moderate to severe incontinence include sacral nerve stimulation, artificial bowel sphincter implantation, muscle transposition, antegrade continence enemas, sphincteroplasty, and colostomy formation. Treatment for fecal incontinence (repair, stimulation, replacement, augmentation, or diversion) must be individualized to the patient, considering the underlying cause and impact on quality of life of the fecal incontinence.