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World J Gastroenterol. Jul 28, 2026; 32(28): 118067
Published online Jul 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.118067
Comparison of the anastomotic effects of combined-type and whole-type magnetic rings for gastrointestinal anastomosis in beagles
Miao-Miao Zhang, Shu-Qin Xu, Hao-Xuan Wu, Hong-Liang Ren, Jia-Hui Wan, Qiu-Ye Zhong, Ming-Yu Chen, Qi-Fan Zhang, Rui-Min Gong, Kanan Yusif-Zada, Bat-Ireedui Badarch, Ai-Hua Shi, Yi Lyu, Xue-Min Liu, Xiao-Peng Yan
Miao-Miao Zhang, Shu-Qin Xu, Yi Lyu, Xue-Min Liu, Xiao-Peng Yan, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Miao-Miao Zhang, Shu-Qin Xu, Jia-Hui Wan, Ai-Hua Shi, Yi Lyu, Xiao-Peng Yan, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Hao-Xuan Wu, Hong-Liang Ren, Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Qiu-Ye Zhong, Ming-Yu Chen, Qi-Fan Zhang, Rui-Min Gong, Zonglian College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Kanan Yusif-Zada, Department of Surgery, RMG Leyla Medical Center, Department of Chemical Engineering of Baku Higher Oil School, UNEC School of Business, Baku AZ1025, Azerbaijan
Bat-Ireedui Badarch, Organ Transplantation Center, First Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 210648, Mongolia
Co-first authors: Miao-Miao Zhang and Shu-Qin Xu.
Co-corresponding authors: Xue-Min Liu and Xiao-Peng Yan.
Author contributions: Zhang MM and Yan XP designed the study; Zhang MM, Xu SQ, Zhong QY, Chen MY, Zhang QF, Gong RM, Shi AH, and Yan XP performed the research and acquired the data; Zhang MM and Xu SQ analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript as co-first authors; Shi AH and Zhang MM tested and analyzed the magnetic force; Wu HX and Ren HL conducted a computer simulation analysis; Yusif-Zada K, Badarch BI, Lyu Y, Liu XM, and Yan XP contributed significantly to the revision of the manuscript; Liu XM and Yan XP contributed equally as co-corresponding authors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82471190.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: All procedures involving animals were reviewed and approved by the Experimental Ethics Committee of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 2022-1451.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE guidelines.
Data sharing statement: The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article or from the corresponding authors upon request.
Corresponding author: Xiao-Peng Yan, MD, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
yanxiaopeng9966@163.com
Received: December 23, 2025
Revised: February 14, 2026
Accepted: April 3, 2026
Published online: July 28, 2026
Processing time: 198 Days and 15.5 Hours
BACKGROUND
Magnetic compression anastomosis is a third type of anastomosis differing from suture anastomosis and stapled anastomosis. With the development of magnamosis, to meet the usage requirements for different situations, diversified magnetic ring designs are necessary. The deformable self-assembling magnetic anastomosis ring (DSAMAR) is a new combined-type magnetic ring design.
AIM
To investigate the anastomosis effects of combined-type and whole-type magnetic rings for gastroenterostomy in a beagle model.
METHODS
Eighteen beagles were randomly assigned to three groups, in which the DSAMAR, conventional magnetic ring (CMR), and hand-sewn suturing (n = 6 per group, half male and half female) were used for gastroenterostomy. The operation time, survival rate, and incidence of postoperative complications were compared among the three groups. Anastomotic specimens were obtained 1 month after operation, and the gross and histological specimens were analyzed.
RESULTS
The operation times for anastomosis were similar between the DSAMAR group (4.83 ± 1.03 minutes) and CMR group (4.58 ± 0.74 minutes), and both times were lower than that in hand-sewn group (15.25 ± 1.41 minutes). All dogs survived except one in the hand-sewn group that died of a severe abdominal infection caused by anastomotic leakage. The average times to magnetic ring release were 9.83 ± 2.64 days in the DSAMAR group and 10.50 ± 2.88 days in the CMR group. In gross specimens, the anastomotic stomas of the DSAMAR group and CMR group were significantly smoother than those of the hand-sewn group, and residual sutures were observed in the hand-sewn group. Histological analysis showed that the mucosa of anastomosis was smooth in both magnetic anastomosis groups.
CONCLUSION
Gastroenterostomy was achievable using the DSAMAR in a beagle model. The combined-type magnetic rings can achieve the same anastomosis effect as whole-type magnetic rings for gastrointestinal anastomosis.
Core Tip: We designed a deformable self-assembling magnetic anastomosis ring (DSAMAR) that can pass through a severely narrow digestive tract, to facilitate magnetic compression anastomosis reconstruction of the digestive tract under endoscopy. We set up two control groups, the common magnetic ring group and the manual suture group, to analyze the anastomotic effect of gastric bypass anastomosis with the DSAMAR. The results showed that the anastomosis effect achieved with the DSAMAR was similar to that in the common magnetic ring group and better than that in the hand-sewn group. This study lays a solid foundation for further clinical application of the DSAMAR.
