Enteric neuropathy in diabetes: Implications for gastrointestinal function

Abstract

Diabetes, commonly known for its metabolic effects, also critically affects the enteric nervous system (ENS), which is essential in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility, secretion, and absorption. The development of diabetes-induced enteric neuropathy can lead to various GI dysfunctions, such as gastroparesis and irregular bowel habits, primarily due to disruptions in the function of neuronal and glial cells within the ENS, as well as oxidative stress and inflammation. This editorial explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of enteric neuropathy in diabetic patients. Additionally, it discusses the latest advances in diagnostic approaches, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention to mitigate GI complications in diabetic individuals. The editorial also reviews current and emerging therapeutic strategies, focusing on pharmacological treatments, dietary management, and potential neuromodulatory interventions. Ultimately, this editorial highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in managing enteric neuropathy in diabetes, aiming to enhance patient quality of life and address a frequently overlooked complication of this widespread disease.

Keywords: Diabetic neuropathy; Gastrointestinal; Insulin resistance; Diabetes; Enteric nervous system; Enteric neuropathy

Core Tip: Diabetic enteric neuropathy, an often-overlooked complication of diabetes, significantly impacts gastrointestinal (GI) functions and impairs patients’ quality of life. This editorial examines the link between diabetes and enteric neuropathy, emphasizing its impact on essential GI functions. It discusses how diabetes-induced neuropathy leads to GI issues like gastroparesis and altered bowel habits and highlights recent advances in early diagnostic methods and management. The editorial reviews various treatment strategies, both current and emerging, addressing associated challenges and future directions. It stresses the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing this complication.