Targeting therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma by delivering microRNAs as exosomal cargo

Abstract

Exosomes, the smallest extracellular vesicles, have gained significant attention as key mediators in intercellular communication, influencing both physiological and pathological processes, particularly in cancer progression. A recent review article by Wang et al was published in a timely manner to stimulate future research and facilitate practical developments for targeted treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma using exosomes, with a focus on the origin from which exosomes derive. If information about the mechanisms for delivering exosomes to specific cells is incorporated, the concept of targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma using exosomes could be more comprehensively understood.

Keywords: Exosomal delivery; Therapeutic targets; MicroRNAs; Hepatocellular carcinoma

Core Tip: Wang et al thoroughly explored the functions and biomedical significance of exosomal microRNAs transferred by both parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells in the framework of potential therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma. This review aimed to do more than just summarize the role of microRNAs in hepatocarcinogenesis. It also sought to illuminate the process of cellular communication using exosomal microRNA cargo. Therefore, it would be beneficial for the review to include information on how this cargo is delivered to target cells.