Cui N, Dai T, Liu Y, Wang YY, Lin JY, Zheng QF, Zhu DD, Zhu XW. Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease: Updated examination of mechanisms, pathophysiology, treatment, and association with gastroesophageal reflux disease. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30(16): 2209-2219 [PMID: 38690022 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i16.2209]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Xue-Wei Zhu, MD, PhD, Chief Doctor, Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Sendai Street, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China. xwzhu@jlu.edu.cn
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 28, 2024; 30(16): 2209-2219 Published online Apr 28, 2024. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i16.2209
Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease: Updated examination of mechanisms, pathophysiology, treatment, and association with gastroesophageal reflux disease
Na Cui, Ting Dai, Yang Liu, Ya-Yu Wang, Jia-Yu Lin, Qing-Fan Zheng, Dong-Dong Zhu, Xue-Wei Zhu
Na Cui, Yang Liu, Ya-Yu Wang, Jia-Yu Lin, Dong-Dong Zhu, Xue-Wei Zhu, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
Ting Dai, Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
Qing-Fan Zheng, Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
Co-first authors: Na Cui and Ting Dai.
Author contributions: Cui N and Dai T contributed equally to this work; Cui N, Dai T, Liu Y, Wang YY, Lin JY, Zheng QF, Zhu DD, Zhu XW have contributed in writing and reviewing the final version of the manuscript.
Supported byNational Natural Science Foundation of China, 2020YFC2005202.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xue-Wei Zhu, MD, PhD, Chief Doctor, Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Sendai Street, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China. xwzhu@jlu.edu.cn
Received: December 22, 2023 Revised: February 2, 2024 Accepted: March 29, 2024 Published online: April 28, 2024 Processing time: 126 Days and 7.2 Hours
Abstract
Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is an inflammatory condition in the laryngopharynx and upper aerodigestive tract mucosa caused by reflux of stomach contents beyond the esophagus. LPRD commonly presents with sym-ptoms such as hoarseness, cough, sore throat, a feeling of throat obstruction, excessive throat mucus. This complex condition is thought to involve both reflux and reflex mechanisms, but a clear understanding of its molecular mechanisms is still lacking. Currently, there is no standardized diagnosis or treatment protocol. Therapeutic strategies for LPRD mainly include lifestyle modifications, proton pump inhibitors and endoscopic surgery. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature regarding the mechanisms, patho-physiology and treatment of LPRD. We also provide an in-depth exploration of the association between LPRD and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Core Tip: The pathological mechanism underlying laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is still unclear. There is still a lack of unified standards for the diagnosis of LPRD. Comprehensive evaluation of multiple diagnostic methods is the most reasonable choice, and help clinician to systematically establish personalized treatment options, ranging from lifestyle/diet changes, to medication, and possibly even surgery. LPRD may be pathogenically associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease. As our ability to understand LPRD, and diagnose and classify patients on the basis of diagnostic tests improves, we hope to develop a more simplified approach to treat these patients.
