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World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2023; 29(32): 4851-4859
Published online Aug 28, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i32.4851
Role of non-Helicobacter pylori gastric Helicobacters in helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma
Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Marcel Silva Luz, Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro, Kádima Nayara Teixeira, Fabrício Freire de Melo
Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Marcel Silva Luz, Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro, Fabrício Freire de Melo, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029094, Brazil
Kádima Nayara Teixeira, Campus Toledo, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Toledo 85919899, Brazil
Author contributions: Lemos FFB, and de Melo FF designed the manuscript; Lemos FFB, Luz MS, Pinheiro SLR, Teixeira KN, and de Melo FF contributed to the investigation; Lemos FFB, Silva Luz M, Pinheiro SLR, Teixeira KN, and de Melo FF contributed to the formal analysis; Lemos FFB, Luz MS, and Pinheiro SLR wrote the original draft; Lemos, FFB, and Luz MS were responsible for manuscript editing; Teixeira KN, and de Melo FF were responsible for manuscript review; and de Melo FF supervised the writing of the original draft.
Supported by Scientific Initiation Scholarship Programme of the Bahia State Research Support Foundation (FAPESB), No. N°BOL1825/2022; Scientific Initiation Scholarship Programme of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), No. 129894/2022-2; CNPq Research Productivity Fellowship, No. 317005/2021-9.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest associated with any of the senior author or other coauthors contributed their efforts in this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fabrício Freire de Melo, PhD, Professor, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Estrada do Bem Querer, No. 3293-3391-Candeias, Vitória da Conquista 45029094, Brazil. freiremeloufba@gmail.com
Received: May 28, 2023
Peer-review started: May 28, 2023
First decision: July 8, 2023
Revised: July 18, 2023
Accepted: August 2, 2023
Article in press: August 2, 2023
Published online: August 28, 2023
Processing time: 88 Days and 16 Hours
Abstract

Marginal zone lymphomas rank as the third most prevalent form of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma, trailing behind diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (GML) is a low-grade B-cell neoplasia frequently correlated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced chronic gastritis. On the other hand, a specific subset of individuals diagnosed with GML does not exhibit H. pylori infection. In contrast to its H. pylori-positive counterpart, it was previously believed that H. pylori-negative GML was less likely to respond to antimicrobial therapy. Despite this, surprisingly, in-creasing evidence supports that a considerable proportion of patients with H. pylori-negative GML show complete histopathological remission after bacterial eradication therapy. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms underlying this treatment responsiveness are not yet fully comprehended. In recent years, there has been growing interest in investigating the role of non-H. pylori gastric helicobacters (NHPHs) in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-negative GML. However, additional research is required to establish the causal relationship between NHPHs and GML. In this minireview, we examined the current understanding and proposed prospects on the involvement of NHPHs in H. pylori-negative GML, as well as their potential response to bacterial eradication therapy.

Keywords: Lymphoma; B cell; Marginal zone; Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma; Helicobacter pylori; Non-Helicobacter pylori gastric helicobacters; Heli-cobacter heilmannii; Helicobacter suis

Core Tip: Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (GML) is a type of non-hodgkin lymphoma that arises in the stomach. It has been well-established that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection plays a crucial role in the development of GML. However, a subset of patients diagnosed with GML are negative for H. pylori. In recent years, there has been growing interest in investigating the role of non-H. pylori gastric helicobacters (NHPHs) in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-negative GML. This minireview aims to explore the current understanding of the involvement of NHPHs in the development of GML and its potential responsiveness to bacterial eradication therapy.