Guidelines
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2023; 29(32): 4815-4830
Published online Aug 28, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i32.4815
International experts consensus guidelines on robotic liver resection in 2023
Rong Liu, Mohammed Abu Hilal, Go Wakabayashi, Ho-Seong Han, Chinnusamy Palanivelu, Ugo Boggi, Thilo Hackert, Hong-Jin Kim, Xiao-Ying Wang, Ming-Gen Hu, Gi Hong Choi, Fabrizio Panaro, Jin He, Mikhail Efanov, Xiao-Yu Yin, Roland S Croner, Yu-Man Fong, Ji-Ye Zhu, Zheng Wu, Chuan-Dong Sun, Jae Hoon Lee, Marco V Marino, Iyer Shridhar Ganpati, Peng Zhu, Zi-Zheng Wang, Ke-Hu Yang, Jia Fan, Xiao-Ping Chen, Wan Yee Lau
Rong Liu, Ming-Gen Hu, Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
Mohammed Abu Hilal, Hepatobiliary Pancreatic, Robotic & Laparoscopic Surgery, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia 25100, Italy
Go Wakabayashi, Center for Advanced Treatment of HBP Diseases, Ageo Central General Hospital, Saitama 362-0075, Japan
Ho-Seong Han, Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Chinnusamy Palanivelu, GEM Hospital & Research Centre, GEM Hospital & Research Centre, Coimbatore 641045, India
Ugo Boggi, Division of General and Transplant Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
Thilo Hackert, Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
Hong-Jin Kim, Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu 42415, South Korea
Xiao-Ying Wang, Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Gi Hong Choi, Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
Fabrizio Panaro, Department of Surgery/Division of Robotic and HBP Surgery, Montpellier University Hospital-School of Medicine, Montpellier 34090, France
Jin He, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
Mikhail Efanov, Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow 111123, Russia
Xiao-Yu Yin, Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
Roland S Croner, Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
Yu-Man Fong, Department of Surgery, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, United States
Ji-Ye Zhu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
Zheng Wu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Chuan-Dong Sun, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
Jae Hoon Lee, Division of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 682, South Korea
Marco V Marino, General Surgery Department, F. Tappeiner Hospital, Merano 39012, Italy
Iyer Shridhar Ganpati, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 189969, Singapore
Peng Zhu, Xiao-Ping Chen, Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
Zi-Zheng Wang, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
Ke-Hu Yang, Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
Jia Fan, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
Wan Yee Lau, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Author contributions: Members of the guideline steering group: Liu R, Abu Hilal M, Wakabayashi G, Fan J, Chen XP, and Lau WY contributed to designing guidelines, identifying problems, and providing comments; Members of the guideline expert group: Han HS, Palanivelu C, Boggi U, Hackert T, Kim HJ, Wang XY, Hu MG, Choi GH, Panaro F, He J, Efanov M, Yin XY, Croner RS, Fong YM, Zhu JY, Wu Z, Sun CD, Lee JH, Marino MV, Ganpati IS, Zhu P, Wang ZZ, and Yang KH provided expert’s opinion; and all authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest in the development of consensus guidelines.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Rong Liu, MD, PhD, Chief Doctor, Professor, Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100000, China. liurong301@126.com
Received: June 5, 2023
Peer-review started: June 5, 2023
First decision: July 8, 2023
Revised: July 22, 2023
Accepted: August 9, 2023
Article in press: August 9, 2023
Published online: August 28, 2023
Processing time: 80 Days and 23.2 Hours
Abstract

The robotic liver resection (RLR) has been increasingly applied in recent years and its benefits shown in some aspects owing to the technical advancement of robotic surgical system, however, controversies still exist. Based on the foundation of the previous consensus statement, this new consensus document aimed to update clinical recommendations and provide guidance to improve the outcomes of RLR clinical practice. The guideline steering group and guideline expert group were formed by 29 international experts of liver surgery and evidence-based medicine (EBM). Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed by the evidence evaluation group. According to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, the Guidance Principles of Development and Amendment of the Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment in China 2022, a total of 14 recommendations were generated. Among them were 8 recommendations formulated by the GRADE method, and the remaining 6 recommendations were formulated based on literature review and experts’ opinion due to insufficient EBM results. This international experts consensus guideline offered guidance for the safe and effective clinical practice and the research direction of RLR in future.

Keywords: Robotic liver resection; Laparoscopic liver resection; Guidelines; Expert consensus

Core Tip: The robotic liver resection (RLR) has been increasingly applied in recent years. Based on the foundation of the previous consensus statement, this new consensus guideline document aimed to update clinical recommendations and provide guidance to improve the outcomes of RLR clinical practice. The guideline steering group and guideline expert group were formed by 29 international experts of liver surgery and evidence-based medicine. Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed by the evidence evaluation group. According to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, the Guidance Principles of Development and Amendment of the Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment in China 2022, a total of 14 recommendations were generated.