Histopathological landscape of rare oesophageal neoplasms

doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i27.3865

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2020; 26(27): 3865-3888
Published online Jul 21, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i27.3865

Histopathological landscape of rare oesophageal neoplasms

Gianluca Businello, Carlo Alberto Dal Pozzo, Marta Sbaraglia, Luca Mastracci, Massimo Milione, Luca Saragoni, Federica Grillo, Paola Parente, Andrea Remo, Elena Bellan, Rocco Cappellesso, Gianmaria Pennelli, Mauro Michelotto, Matteo Fassan

Gianluca Businello, Carlo Alberto Dal Pozzo, Marta Sbaraglia, Elena Bellan, Rocco Cappellesso, Gianmaria Pennelli, Mauro Michelotto, Matteo Fassan, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua 35121, Italy

Luca Mastracci, Federica Grillo, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), Pathology Unit, University of Genova, Genova 16123, Italy

Massimo Milione, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, First Pathology Division, Fondazione IRCCS - Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan 20133, Italy

Luca Saragoni, Pathology Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì 47121, Italy

Paola Parente, Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy

Andrea Remo, Department of Pathology, Ospedale Mater Salutis di Legnago, Legnago 37045, Italy

Author contributions: Businello G, Dal Pozzo CA and Sbaraglia M equally contributed as first authors; all authors took part in writing the manuscript and approved the final submitted version.

Supported by University of Padua – Department of Medicine, No. FASS_SID18_01 (to Fassan M).

Conflict-of-interest statement: Matteo Fassan had roles as a consultant or advisor for Tesaro and Astellas. He received research funding from Astellas and QED. The other authors have no competing interests to declare.

Corresponding author: Matteo Fassan, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, via Gabelli 61, Padua 35121, Italy. matteo.fassan@unipd.it

Received: February 25, 2020
Peer-review started: February 25, 2020
First decision: May 22, 2020
Revised: June 19, 2020
Accepted: July 4, 2020
Article in press: July 4, 2020
Published online: July 21, 2020
Processing time: 146 Days and 17.6 Hours

Abstract

The landscape of neoplastic pathology of the oesophagus is dominated by malignancies of epithelial origin, in particular by oesophageal adenocarcinoma and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, several other histopathological variants can be distinguished, some associated with peculiar histopathological profiles and prognostic behaviours and frequently underrecognized in clinical practice. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive characterization of the main morphological and clinical features of these rare variants of oesophageal neoplastic lesions.

Keywords: Gastrointestinal tumours; Oesophageal tumours; Histopathology; Rare tumours; Mesenchymal tumours

Core tip: The neoplastic pathology of the oesophagus includes many rare histopathological entities that can be difficult to correctly assess. Herein, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical presentation, histopathological features and adequate diagnostic-therapeutic follow-up of such lesions.