Hyperhomocysteinemia as a potential contributor of colorectal cancer development in inflammatory bowel diseases: A review

doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i4.1081

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 28, 2015; 21(4): 1081-1090
Published online Jan 28, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i4.1081

Hyperhomocysteinemia as a potential contributor of colorectal cancer development in inflammatory bowel diseases: A review

Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli, Vickie E Baracos, Karen L Madsen

Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli, Karen L Madsen, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada

Vickie E Baracos, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada

Author contributions: Keshteli AH prepared the first draft of the manuscript; Keshteli AH, Baracos VE and Madsen KL contributed equally to the selection of the topic and finalizing the manuscript for publication.

Correspondence to: Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli, MD, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, 7-142 Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada. ahassanz@ualberta.ca

Telephone: +1-78-04927077 Fax: +1-78-04927593

Received: June 18, 2014
Peer-review started: June 18, 2014
First decision: July 21, 2014
Revised: August 18, 2014
Accepted: September 29, 2014
Article in press: September 30, 2014
Published online: January 28, 2015
Processing time: 223 Days and 13.5 Hours

Abstract

Homocysteine is an amino acid generated metabolically by the S-adenosylmethionine-dependent transmethylation pathway. In addition to being a well-known independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, is also a risk factor for cancer. Patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer in comparison to healthy individuals. Furthermore, the risk of hyperhomocysteinaemia is significantly higher in IBD patients when compared with controls. In the present article, we review the mechanisms in which hyperhomocysteinemia may contribute to increased risk of colorectal cancer in IBD patients.

Keywords: Hyperhomocysteinemia; Colorectal cancer; Inflammatory bowel disease

Core tip: There is growing evidence suggesting hyperhomocysteinemia to be associated with increased colorectal cancer risk. Taking this into account that hyperhomocysteinemia and its related contributors are prevalent among patients with inflammatory bowel disease, we suggest performing well designed epidemiological, experimental, and clinical trial studies to investigate such association in these patients.