Published online Jul 28, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i28.8697
Peer-review started: November 3, 2014
First decision: March 10, 2015
Revised: March 27, 2015
Accepted: April 28, 2015
Article in press: April 28, 2015
Published online: July 28, 2015
Processing time: 270 Days and 2.7 Hours
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in decompensated liver disease.
METHODS: Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies. Retrospective case-control studies were included along with randomized clinical trials. Meta-analysis was performed in line with recommendations from the Cochrane Collaboration software review manager. Heterogeneity was assessed using a random-effects model.
RESULTS: Four randomized controlled trials and four retrospective studies were included. Cell transplantation increased serum albumin level by 1.96 g/L (95%CI: 0.74-3.17; P = 0.002], 2.55 g/L (95%CI: 0.32-4.79; P = 0.03), and 3.65 g/L (95%CI: 0.76-6.54; P = 0.01) after 1, 3, and 6 mo, respectively. Patients who had undergone cell transplantation also had a lower level of total bilirubin [mean difference (MD): -1.37 mg/dL; 95%CI: -2.68-(-0.06); P = 0.04] after 6 mo. This decreased after 1 year when compared to standard treatment (MD: -1.26; 95%CI: -2.48-(-0.03); P = 0.04]. A temporary decrease in alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase were significant in the cell transplantation group. However, after 6 mo treatment, patients who had undergone cell transplantation had a slightly longer prothrombin time (MD: 5.66 s, 95%CI: 0.04-11.28; P = 0.05). Changes in the model for end-stage liver disease score and Child-Pugh score were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: Autologous bone marrow transplantation showed some benefits in patients with decompensated liver disease. However, further studies are still needed to verify its role in clinical treatment for end-stage liver disease.
Core tip: Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells prevent immune rejection. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we attempted to gather evidence for the therapeutic use of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation for decompensated liver disease and cirrhosis. Although we found that autologous bone marrow transplantation is satisfactory in patients with decompensated liver disease, there are important issues that require verification by large-volume centers.