Case Report
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World J Gastroenterol. Nov 7, 2011; 17(41): 4632-4634
Published online Nov 7, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i41.4632
S-1 induced secondary acute erythroid leukemia with a chromosome inv(12)(p13;q13)
Kensuke Matsumoto, Akira Kitanaka, Makiko Uemura, Fusako Waki, Tetsuya Fukumoto, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Yoshitsugu Kubota, Toshihiko Ishida
Kensuke Matsumoto, Makiko Uemura, Fusako Waki, Tetsuya Fukumoto, Hiroaki Ohnishi, Toshihiko Ishida, First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa Univesity, 1750-1 Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa prefecture 761-0793, Japan
Akira Kitanaka, Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa Univesity, 1750-1, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa prefecture 761-0793, Japan
Yoshitsugu Kubota, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa prefecture 761-0793, Japan
Author contributions: Matsumoto K, Kitanaka A contributed equally to this work; Uemura M, Waki F, Fukumoto T, Ohnishi H, Kubota Y, Ishida T designed research; Matsumoto K and Kitanaka A wrote the paper.
Correspondence to: Kensuke Matsumoto, MD, PhD, First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa Univesity, 1750-1, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa prefecture, Japan. matsumot@med.kagawa-u.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-87-8912145 Fax: +81-87-8912147
Received: January 5, 2011
Revised: March 7, 2011
Accepted: March 14, 2011
Published online: November 7, 2011
Abstract

Adjuvant chemotherapy by S-1 following gastrectomy is considered standard treatment in Japan. Analysis of follow-up data have proved the efficacy of S-1 administration, and that hematological adverse events were relatively rare. Pyrimidine anti-metabolites, including S-1, have shown relatively lower risks for secondary hematological malignancies in comparison to alkylating agents and topoisomerase-II inhibitors. We here report a case of therapy-related leukemia after S-1 administration. A patient who had received S-1as the sole adjuvant chemotherapy was diagnosed with acute erythroid leukemia. To the best of our knowledge, our patient represents the first report of S-1 induced acute leukemia.

Keywords: S-1; Secondary leukemia; Acute erythroid Leukemia; Gastric cancer