Review of idiopathic pancreatitis

doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i47.6296

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Dec 21, 2007 (publication date) through Nov 12, 2024

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Dec 21, 2007; 13(47): 6296-6313
Published online Dec 21, 2007. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i47.6296

Review of idiopathic pancreatitis

Jason Kihyuk Lee, Robert Enns

Jason Kihyuk Lee, University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Robert Enns, University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.

Correspondence to: Robert Enns, MD, FRCP, University of British Columbia Department of Medicine, Division of Gastro-enterology, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. renns@interchange.ubc.ca

Telephone: +1-604-6886332 Fax: +1-604-6892004

Received: June 15, 2007
Revised: July 16, 2007
Accepted: November 1, 2007
Published online: December 21, 2007

Abstract

Recent advances in understanding of pancreatitis and advances in technology have uncovered the veils of idiopathic pancreatitis to a point where a thorough history and judicious use of diagnostic techniques elucidate the cause in over 80% of cases. This review examines the multitude of etiologies of what were once labeled idiopathic pancreatitis and provides the current evidence on each. This review begins with a background review of the current epidemiology of idiopathic pancreatitis prior to discussion of various etiologies. Etiologies of medications, infections, toxins, autoimmune disorders, vascular causes, and anatomic and functional causes are explored in detail. We conclude with management of true idiopathic pancreatitis and a summary of the various etiologic agents. Throughout this review, areas of controversies are highlighted.

Keywords: Idiopathic pancreatitis; Recurrence; Etiology; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction