Case Report
Copyright ©2006 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 7, 2006; 12(41): 6727-6729
Published online Nov 7, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i41.6727
Hepatocellular carcinoma metastasizing to the skull base involving multiple cranial nerves
Soo Ryang Kim, Fumio Kanda, Hiroshi Kobessho, Koji Sugimoto, Toshiyuki Matsuoka, Masatoshi Kudo, Yoshitake Hayashi
Soo Ryang Kim, Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe, Japan
Fumio Kanda, Hiroshi Kobessho, Department of Neurology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
Koji Sugimoto, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
Toshiyuki Matsuoka, Department of Radiology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
Masatoshi Kudo, Department of Gastroenterology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan
Yoshitake Hayashi, Division of Molecular Medicine & Medical Genetics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
Correspondence to: Soo Ryang Kim, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, 3-5-25 Bouoji-cho, Nagata-ku, Kobe 653-0801, Japan. info@kobe-asahi-hp.com
Telephone: +81-78-6125151 Fax: +81-78-6125152
Received: July 7, 2006
Revised: July 20, 2006
Accepted: July 29, 2006
Published online: November 7, 2006
Abstract

We describe a rare case of HCV-related recurrent multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasizing to the skull base involving multiple cranial nerves in a 50-year-old woman. The patient presented with symptoms of ptosis, fixation of the right eyeball, and left abducens palsy, indicating disturbances of the right oculomotor and trochlear nerves and bilateral abducens nerves. Brain contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed an ill-defined mass with abnormal enhancement around the sella turcica. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disclosed that the mass involved the clivus, cavernous sinus, and petrous apex. On contrast-enhanced MRI with gadolinium-chelated contrast medium, the mass showed inhomogeneous intermediate enhancement. The diagnosis of metastatic HCC to the skull base was made on the basis of neurological findings and imaging studies including CT and MRI, without histological examinations. Further studies may provide insights into various methods for diagnosing HCC metastasizing to the craniospinal area.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Distant metastasis; Skull base; Cranial nerve