Colorectal Cancer
Copyright ©2006 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 21, 2006; 12(31): 4981-4985
Published online Aug 21, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i31.4981
Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the growth of SW480 colorectal tumor cells involves β-catenin associated signaling pathway down-regulation
Yu-Jun He, Bao-Hua Liu, De-Bing Xiang, Zuo-Yi Qiao, Tao Fu, Yu-Hong He
Yu-Jun He, Bao-Hua Liu, Tao Fu, Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
De-Bing Xiang, Yu-Hong He, Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
Zuo-Yi Qiao, Urology Center, Chongqing Peace Hospital, Chongqing 400020, China
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30100228
Correspondence to: Yu-Jun He, Department of General Surgery, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China. heyujun69@yahoo.com.cn
Telephone: +86-23-60687466
Received: March 28, 2006
Revised: May 15, 2006
Accepted: May 25, 2006
Published online: August 21, 2006
Abstract

AIM: To study the anti-tumor effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and the influence of CAPE on β-catenin associated signaling pathway in SW480 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.

METHODS: SW480 cells were treated with CAPE at serial concentrations. The proliferative status of cells was measured by methabenzthiazuron (MTT) assay. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry (FCM). Western blotting assay was used to evaluate the protein level of β-catenin, c-myc and cyclinD1. β-catenin localization was determined by indirect immunofluorescence.

RESULTS: CAPE displayed a strong inhibitory effect in a significant dose- and time-dependent manner on SW480 cell growth. FCM analysis showed that the ratio of G0 /G1 phase cells increased, S phase ratio decreased and apoptosis rate increased after SW480 cells were exposed to CAPE for 24 h. Pretreatment of SW480 cells with CAPE significantly suppressed β-catenin, c-myc and cyclinD1 protein expression. CAPE treatment was associated with decreased accumulation of β-catenin protein in nucleus and cytoplasm, and concurrently increased its accumulation on the surface of cell membrane.

CONCLUSION: CAPE can inhibit SW480 cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Decreased β-catenin and the associated signaling pathway target gene expression may mediate the anti-tumor effects of CAPE.

Keywords: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester; Colorectal cancer; Proliferation; β-catenin; Signaling pathway