Basic Research
Copyright ©2005 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 7, 2005; 11(45): 7084-7090
Published online Dec 7, 2005. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7084
Reperfusion injury after critical intestinal ischemia and its correction with perfluorochemical emulsion "perftoran"
Vyacheslav Leontjevich Kozhura, Dmitriy Alexeevich Basarab, Marina Innokentievna Timkina, Arkadiy Mikhailivich Golubev, Vasiliy Ivanovich Reshetnyak, Viktor Vasiljevich Moroz
Vyacheslav Leontjevich Kozhura, Dmitriy Alexeevich Basarab, Arkadiy Mikhailivich Golubev, Vasiliy Ivanovich Reshetnyak, Viktor Vasiljevich Moroz, Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, bd. 2, Petrovka str., 25, Moscow 107031, Russia Marina Innokentievna Timkina, Laboratory of Microcirculation and Haemolymphorheology of the Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Baltiiskaya str., 8, Moscow 125315, Russia
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work.
Correspondence to: Dr Dmitriy Alexeevich Basarab, MD, Laboratory of Experimental Therapy, Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, bd. 2, Petrovka str., 25, Moscow 107031, Russia. basarab_da@pochta.ru
Telephone: +7-95-5200-27-08 Fax: +7-95-209-96-77
Received: January 12, 2005
Revised: July 23, 2005
Accepted: July 30, 2005
Published online: December 7, 2005
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the anti-ischemic properties of perfluorochemical emulsion "perftoran" in mesenteric region.

METHODS: Experiments were conducted on 146 nonlinear white male rats weighing 200-350 g. Partial critical intestinal ischemia was induced by thorough atraumatic strangulation of 5-6 cm jejunal loop with its mesentery for 90 min. Global critical intestinal ischemia was made by atraumatic occlusion of the cranial mesenteric artery (CMA) for 90 min also. Perftoran (PF, 0.8-1.0 mL per 100 g) in experimental groups or 0.9% sodium chloride in control groups was injected at 75 min of ischemic period. Mean systemic arterial blood pressure (BPM) registration, intravital microscopy and morphological examination of ischemic intestine and its mesentery were performed in both groups.

RESULTS: During 90 min of reperfusion, BPM progressively decreased to 27.3±7.4% after PF administration vs 38.6±8.0% in the control group of rats with partial intestinal ischemia (NS) and to 50.3±6.9% vs 53.1±5.8% in rats after global ischemia (NS). During the reperfusion period, full restoration of microcirculation was never registered; parts with restored blood flow had leukocyte and erythrocyte stasis and intra-vascular clotting, a typical "non-reflow" phenomenon. The reduction of mesenteric 50-400 μm feeding artery diameter was significantly less in the PF group than in the control group (24±5.5% vs 45.2±3.6%, P<0.05) 5 min after partial intestinal ischemia. This decrease progressed but differences between groups minimized at the 90th min of reperfusion (41.5±4.2% and 50.3±2.8%, respectively). In reperfusion of rat's intestine, a significant mucosal alteration was registered. Villous height decreased 2.5-3 times and the quantity of crypts decreased more than twice. In the group of rats administered PF, intestinal mucosal layer was protected from irreversible post-ischemic derangement during reperfusion. Saved cryptal epithelial cells were the source of regeneration of the epithelium, which began to cover renewing intestinal villi after 24 h of blood flow restoration. View of morphological alterations was more heterogeneous in CMA groups.

CONCLUSION: Systemic administration of perftoran promotes earlier and more complete structural regeneration during reperfusion in rats after partial and global critical intestinal ischemia.

Keywords: Rats; Ischemia-reperfusion injury; Gut; Intestine; Perfluorocarbon emulsions