Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology: A narrative review

doi:10.35712/aig.v3.i5.117

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology

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Review

Artif Intell Gastroenterol. Dec 28, 2022; 3(5): 117-141
Published online Dec 28, 2022. doi: 10.35712/aig.v3.i5.117

Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology: A narrative review

Jonathan S Galati, Robert J Duve, Matthew O'Mara, Seth A Gross

Jonathan S Galati, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States

Robert J Duve, Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States

Matthew O'Mara, Seth A Gross, Division of Gastroenterology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States

Author contributions: Galati JS, Gross SA contributed to manuscript concept and design; Galati JS, Duve RJ, O'Mara M contributed to obtaining and interpreting literary sources, drafting of manuscript; Galati JS, Duve RJ, O'Mara M, Gross SA contributed to revision of manuscript; All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Corresponding author: Jonathan S Galati, MD, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States. jonathan.galati@nyulangone.org

Received: October 9, 2022
Peer-review started: October 9, 2022
First decision: October 29, 2022
Revised: November 21, 2022
Accepted: December 21, 2022
Article in press: December 21, 2022
Published online: December 28, 2022
Processing time: 79 Days and 8.7 Hours

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a complex concept, broadly defined in medicine as the development of computer systems to perform tasks that require human intelligence. It has the capacity to revolutionize medicine by increasing efficiency, expediting data and image analysis and identifying patterns, trends and associations in large datasets. Within gastroenterology, recent research efforts have focused on using AI in esophagogastroduodenoscopy, wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) and colonoscopy to assist in diagnosis, disease monitoring, lesion detection and therapeutic intervention. The main objective of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the research being performed within gastroenterology on AI in esophagogastroduodenoscopy, WCE and colonoscopy.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Colonoscopy; Computer-aided detection; Deep learning; Endoscopy; Machine learning

Core Tip: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a complex concept that has the capacity to revolutionize medicine. Within gastroenterology, recent research efforts have focused on using AI in esophagogastroduodenoscopy, wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) and colonoscopy to assist in diagnosis, disease monitoring, lesion detection and therapeutic intervention. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the research being performed within gastroenterology on AI in esophagogastroduodenoscopy, WCE and colonoscopy.