Combined endoscopy/laparoscopy/percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, hybrid techniques in gastrointestinal and biliary diseases

Figure 1 Conceptual diagram of the classical laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery procedure[14]. ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection. Used with permission from John Wiley and Sons.

Figure 2 Laparoscopic-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with Roux-en-Y anatomy[73].