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©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Meta-Anal. Oct 28, 2020; 8(5): 375-382
Published online Oct 28, 2020. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i5.375
Published online Oct 28, 2020. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v8.i5.375
Current trend in the diagnosis and management of malignant pheochromocytoma: Clinical and prognostic factors
Ayun K Cassell III, Department of Urology and Andrology, Hopital General de Grand Yoff, Dakar 3270, Senegal
Abdoul Halim Bague, Unit of Surgical Oncology, Department of General Surgery, Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou 160, Burkina Faso
Author contributions: All authors have made considerable contributions to conception and design, collection of data, analysis and interpretation of data, were involved in preparing the article or revising it methodically for essential intellectual content, gave final approval of the version to be published, and agree to be liable for all aspects of the work.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare having no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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Corresponding author: Ayun K Cassell III, FICS, MD, MSc, Academic Fellow, Lecturer, Senior Researcher, Surgeon, Department of Urology and Andrology, Hopital General de Grand Yoff, Grand Yoff, Dakar 3270, Senegal. ayuncasselliii@gmail.com
Received: October 7, 2020
Peer-review started: October 7, 2020
First decision: October 22, 2020
Revised: October 26, 2020
Accepted: October 27, 2020
Article in press: October 27, 2020
Published online: October 28, 2020
Processing time: 20 Days and 20.1 Hours
Peer-review started: October 7, 2020
First decision: October 22, 2020
Revised: October 26, 2020
Accepted: October 27, 2020
Article in press: October 27, 2020
Published online: October 28, 2020
Processing time: 20 Days and 20.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: The diagnosis of malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) is challenging. To date, confirmatory histology and biomarkers are still lacking. Data from recent studies have shown various biomarkers and genetic mutations that are predictive of malignancy, metastasis and disease prognosis of PPGL, but primary tumor size, male sex and synchronous metastasis have revealed consistent association with malignant PPGL and its prognostication.