Liver dysfunction-related COVID-19: A narrative review

doi:10.13105/wjma.v11.i1.5

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis

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World J Meta-Anal. Jan 12, 2023; 11(1): 5-17
Published online Jan 12, 2023. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v11.i1.5

Liver dysfunction-related COVID-19: A narrative review

Taghreed S Saeed Al-Rawi, Raid M Al-Ani

Taghreed S Saeed Al-Rawi, Department of Biochemistry, University of Anbar College of Medicine, Ramadi City 31001, Anbar, Iraq

Raid M Al-Ani, Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, University of Anbar College of Medicine, Ramadi City 31001, Anbar, Iraq

Author contributions: Al-Ani RM designed the study, wrote the abstract, core tip, introduction, and conclusion, formatted the references, edited the draft, and prepared the final version of the manuscript; Al-Rawi TSS collected the references and wrote the majority of the manuscript; both authors revised and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that there is no conflict of interest to disclose.

Corresponding author: Raid M Al-Ani, MBChB, Academic Research, Full Professor, Senior Editor, Surgeon, Department of Surgery/Otolaryngology, University of Anbar College of Medicine, Al-Thaela, Ramadi City 31001, Anbar, Iraq. med.raed.alani2003@uoanbar.edu.iq

Received: September 9, 2022
Peer-review started: September 9, 2022
First decision: November 17, 2022
Revised: November 25, 2022
Accepted: December 13, 2022
Article in press: December 13, 2022
Published online: January 12, 2023
Processing time: 123 Days and 21.5 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: There is a diversity of clinical manifestations of the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19), ranging from classical presentations like fever, cough, and dyspnea to non-classical presentations like liver involvement. Direct injury, drug-induced hypoxia, abnormal liver function tests, cytokine storm, and a history of chronic hepatic diseases are the proposed mechanisms of liver involvement during the COVID-19 course. Liver involvement can determine the severity of the disease. Old age and a history of chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus are recognized risk factors for this involvement. Autoimmune hepatitis is an example of liver involvement following COVID-19 vaccination. However, complete vaccination with 3rd and 4th booster doses is required in patients with chronic liver diseases. We aim to summarize the various aspects of hepatic involvement during the COVID-19 course or following its vaccination.