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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Meta-Anal. Oct 28, 2021; 9(5): 438-454
Published online Oct 28, 2021. doi: 10.13105/wjma.v9.i5.438
Weight regain after bariatric surgery: Promoters and potential predictors
Hala Mourad Demerdash
Hala Mourad Demerdash, Department of Clinical Pathology, Alexandria University Hospitals, Alexandria 21311, Egypt
Author contributions: Demerdash HM is in charge of all the works of this manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hala Mourad Demerdash, MD, PhD, Consultant & Professor Clinical Pathology, Laboratory Director, Alexandria University Hospitals, Azaareta, Khartoum Square, Alexandria 21311, Egypt. demerdashh@yahoo.com
Received: April 22, 2021
Peer-review started: April 22, 2021
First decision: May 12, 2021
Revised: June 7, 2021
Accepted: September 14, 2021
Article in press: September 14, 2021
Published online: October 28, 2021
Processing time: 189 Days and 4 Hours
Abstract

Obesity is globally viewed as chronic relapsing disease. Bariatric surgery offers the most efficient and durable weight loss approach. However, weight regain after surgery is a distressing issue as obesity can revert. Surgical procedures were originally designed to reduce food intake and catalyze weight loss, provided that its role is marginalized in long-term weight maintenance. Consequently, it is essential to establish a scientifically standardized applicable definitions for weight regain, which necessitates enhanced comprehension of the clinical situation, as well as have realistic expectations concerning weight loss. Moreover, several factors are proposed to influence weight regain as psychological, behavioral factors, hormonal, metabolic, anatomical lapses, as well as genetic predisposition. Recently, there is a growing evidence of utilization of scoring system to anticipate excess body weight loss, along with characterizing certain biomarkers that identify subjects at risk of suboptimal weight loss after surgery. Furthermore, personalized counseling is warranted to help select bariatric procedure, reinforce self-monitoring skills, motivate patient, encourage mindful eating practices, to avoid recidivism.

Keywords: Weight regain; Bariatric surgery; Hormones; Diet; Exercise; Genetic factors

Core Tip: Obesity constitutes an enormous health struggle worldwide. Weight regain after bariatric surgery is a distressing issue that requires extensive study; various influencing factors as well as predicting biomarkers must be considered carefully before making decision for surgery, selecting bariatric procedure as well as close long term monitoring and support are essential.