Impact of socioeconomic factors on pediatric atopic dermatitis population

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Atopic dermatitis (AD), or eczema, is a chronic, pruritic inflammatory skin disease affecting children and adults. Socioeconomic status (SES) plays a significant role in developing AD. However, mixed evidence from a previous study by Bajwa et al makes it difficult to determine the directionality of the association. There is a literature gap in understanding the causal association between AD and socioeconomic factors.

AIM

To evaluate the impact of disparities in SES on pediatric AD populations.

METHODS

Based on the eligibility criteria, the literature review identified eight articles since July 2021, and a descriptive analysis was conducted using an Excel spreadsheet on key components collected from the identified studies.

RESULTS

Eight observational studies assessed SES in pediatric AD. Five observational studies showed mixed associations between AD and SES. Sub-analysis revealed that urban areas had a higher prevalence of AD, and four studies identified a positive association between parental education and AD in the pediatric population. Socioeconomic variables, such as residential areas and household income, significantly influence disease outcomes.

CONCLUSION

There is mixed association between pediatric AD and SES, with AD positively associated with parental education. There is critical need to evaluate global impact of SES variables on pediatric AD.

Keywords: Atopic dermatitis; Socioeconomic factors; Eczema; Neurodermatitis; Disseminated neurodermatitis; Infantile eczema; Socioeconomic disparities

Core Tip: This literature review evaluates the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD). Eight observational studies since July 2021 were analyzed. Findings reveal mixed associations between AD and SES in five studies, socioeconomic variables, including residential area and household income, have a significant effect on pediatric AD outcomes. This review emphasizes the complex relationship between SES and AD, underscoring the need for further global research to better understand and address the role of SES in pediatric AD prevalence and outcomes.