• childhood cancer
• clinical outcomes
• ferritin
• folate
• micronutrient status

• Humans
• Male
• Female
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Prospective Studies
• Ferritins/blood
• Neoplasms/blood
• Neoplasms/therapy
• Neoplasms/mortality
• Folic Acid/blood
• Infant
• Follow-Up Studies
• Adolescent
• Prognosis

• Cancer and Leukaemia Fund (Royal Hospital for Sick Children) and the GI-Nutrition Research Fund of Child Life and Health
• Fergus Maclay Leukaemia Trust

• Diatoms
• Erastin
• Ferroptosis
• Ferrostatin
• Oxidative stress-induced cell death
• Xanthophyll

• Ferroptosis/drug effects
• Xanthophylls/pharmacology
• Humans
• Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
• Breast Neoplasms/pathology
• Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
• Female
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
• Glutathione/metabolism

• biomarker
• cancer
• ferritin

• Bayesian data fusion
• Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
• Lung cancer staging
• One-dimensional convolutional neural network
• Raman spectroscopy

• Spectrum Analysis, Raman/methods
• Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Lung Neoplasms/pathology
• Humans
• Lasers
• Bayes Theorem
• Neoplasm Staging
• Neural Networks, Computer

• Humans
• Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma/pathology
• Retrospective Studies
• Carcinoma/pathology
• Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology
• Prognosis
• Ferritins
• Neoplasm Staging
• Disease-Free Survival

• 821QN0981 Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province
• GuikeAB23026020 Key Research and Development Program Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
• GKE-ZZ202306 Independent Project of Key Laboratory of Early Prevention & Treatment for Regional High-Incidence-Tumor
• 20220116 the Scientific Research & Technical Development Project of Wuming District, Nanning city

• Lung cancer
• Meta-analysis
• Prognosis
• Serum ferritin concentration

• COVID 19
• Clinical use
• Ferritin
• Genomics
• Hyperferritinemia
• Iron Chelator
• Pathogenesis
• Proteomic interaction

Detecting cancer at early stages significantly increases patient survival rates. Because lethal solid tumors often produce few symptoms before progressing to advanced, metastatic disease, diagnosis frequently occurs when surgical resection is no longer curative. One promising approach to detect early-stage, curable cancers uses biomarkers present in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs). To explore the feasibility of this approach, we developed an EV-based blood biomarker classifier from EV protein profiles to detect stages I and II pancreatic, ovarian, and bladder cancer.

Utilizing an alternating current electrokinetics (ACE) platform to purify EVs from plasma, we use multi-marker EV-protein measurements to develop a machine learning algorithm that can discriminate cancer cases from controls. The ACE isolation method requires small sample volumes, and the streamlined process permits integration into high-throughput workflows.

In this case-control pilot study, comparison of 139 pathologically confirmed stage I and II cancer cases representing pancreatic, ovarian, or bladder patients against 184 control subjects yields an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92 to 0.97), with sensitivity of 71.2% (95% CI: 63.2 to 78.1) at 99.5% (97.0 to 99.9) specificity. Sensitivity is similar at both early stages [stage I: 70.5% (60.2 to 79.0) and stage II: 72.5% (59.1 to 82.9)]. Detection of stage I cancer reaches 95.5% in pancreatic, 74.4% in ovarian (73.1% in Stage IA) and 43.8% in bladder cancer.

This work demonstrates that an EV-based, multi-cancer test has potential clinical value for early cancer detection and warrants future expanded studies involving prospective cohorts with multi-year follow-up.

Finding cancer early can make treatment easier and improve odds of survival. However, many tumors go unnoticed until they have grown large enough to cause symptoms. While scans can detect tumors earlier, routine full-body imaging is impractical for population screening. New cancer detection methods being explored are based on observations that tumors release tiny particles called extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the bloodstream, containing proteins from the tumor. Here, we used a method to purify EVs from patients’ blood followed by a method to detect tumor proteins in the EVs. Our method quickly and accurately detected early-stage pancreatic, ovarian, or bladder cancer. With further testing, this method may provide a useful screening tool for clinicians to detect cancers at an earlier stage.

Hinestrosa et al. describe the early-stage detection of cancer using biomarkers present in circulating extracellular vesicles purified via an alternating current electrokinetics platform. They show, in a case-control study, that 95.7% of pancreatic, 75.0% of ovarian and 43.8% of bladder stage I and II cancers can be detected.

Ferritin is a protein that plays an important role in iron metabolism, it consists of two subunits: heavy chain (FTH) and light chain (FTL). Elevated expression of FTL is observed in multiple malignancies. Recent studies have found that the frequency of circulating autoantibody against FTL (anti-FTL) increased significantly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study is to verify circulating anti-FTL as a biomarker for the early detection of HCC.

A total of 1565 participants were enrolled and assigned to two independent validation cohorts, including 393 HCC patients, 379 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, 400 chronic hepatitis (CH) patients, and 393 healthy subjects. The concentration of serum anti-FTL was measured by indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare anti-FTL concentrations between HCC group and three control groups. Percentile 95 of anti-FTL absorbance value of healthy group was selected as the cut-off value to calculate the positive rate in each group. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to quantitatively describe its diagnostic value.

The median concentration of anti-FTL in HCC patients was higher than that in CH patients and healthy subjects, but there was no difference between HCC patients and LC patients. Further analysis showed that there was no difference between early stage LC, advanced stage LC, Child-Pugh A HCC, Child-Pugh B HCC and Child-Pugh C HCC. The positive rate of anti-FTL was 12.2% (48/393) in HCC, 13.5% (51/379) in LC, 6.3% (25/400) in CH and 5.1% (20/393) in healthy subjects, respectively. The AUC of anti-FTL to distinguish LC from CH or healthy subjects were 0.654 (95% CI: 0.615–0.692) and 0.642 (95% CI: 0.602–0.681), respectively.

Anti-FTL is not a biomarker for the early diagnosis of HCC due to specificity deficiency, but may be helpful for the early detection of LC.

• the National Science and Technology Major Project of China
• the Major Project of Science and Technology in Henan Province
• the Major public welfare projects in Henan Province
• the Funding Program for Medical Sciences and Technologies of Henan Province
• Research Fund of Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmacological Sciences

• 5-fluorouracil
• chemotherapy mechanism
• colon cancer
• irinotecan
• oxaliplatin

Although much progress has been made in cancer treatment, the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer radioresistance (RR) as well as the biological signatures of radioresistant cancer cells still need to be clarified. In this regard, we discovered that breast, bladder, lung, neuroglioma, and prostate 6 Gy X-ray resistant cancer cells were characterized by an increase of lipid droplet (LD) number and that the cells containing highest LDs showed the highest clonogenic potential after irradiation. Moreover, we observed that LD content was tightly connected with the iron metabolism and in particular with the presence of the ferritin heavy chain (FTH1). In fact, breast and lung cancer cells silenced for the FTH1 gene showed a reduction in the LD numbers and, by consequence, became radiosensitive. FTH1 overexpression as well as iron-chelating treatment by Deferoxamine were able to restore the LD amount and RR. Overall, these results provide evidence of a novel mechanism behind RR in which LDs and FTH1 are tightly connected to each other, a synergistic effect that might be worth deeply investigating in order to make cancer cells more radiosensitive and improve the efficacy of radiation treatments.

• cancer
• cancer biology
• ferritin heavy chain
• human
• iron metabolism
• lipid droplets
• radioresistance

• chemical biology
• disease
• ferritin
• ferroptosis
• iron
• metabolism

• T regulatory cells
• ferritin heavy chain
• ferritin light chain
• iron metabolism
• tumor-associated macrophages

• Anaemia
• hospice
• intravenous iron
• iron deficiency
• palliative care

• Prostate cancer (PCa)
• S100A2
• S100A4
• S100P
• ferritin heavy chain (FTH)
• isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)

• EGFR mutation
• NSCLC
• PFS
• TKI
• chemotherapy

• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Overall survival
• Postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization
• Predictive factors
• Prognostic factors

• Aged
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/methods
• Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/mortality
• Combined Modality Therapy
• Female
• Ferritins/blood
• Hemoglobins/analysis
• Hepatectomy/mortality
• Humans
• Liver Neoplasms/mortality
• Liver Neoplasms/pathology
• Liver Neoplasms/therapy
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Multivariate Analysis
• Neoplasm Invasiveness
• Neoplasm Staging
• Postoperative Period
• Predictive Value of Tests
• Prognosis
• Propensity Score
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Retrospective Studies
• Survival Rate
• Treatment Outcome