• Health promotion
• Self-care
• Stigma
• Type 2 diabetes

• Health behavior
• Health belief model
• Health education
• Hypertension
• Intervention

• China
• Crohn’s disease
• adherence
• infliximab
• medication belief

• Quality of Life
• Self-empowerment
• Self-management
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

• HIV
• health
• intervention
• nutrition
• prediabetes

• Humans
• Prediabetic State/therapy
• Health Behavior
• Viral Load
• Self Efficacy
• HIV Infections

• R25 GM061347 NIGMS NIH HHS
• U01 DA040381 NIDA NIH HHS
• R01 DA042712 NIDA NIH HHS

• diabetes mellitus
• disease management
• meta-analysis
• obesity
• patient education
• self-management

• Diabetes Mellitus/therapy
• Glycated Hemoglobin
• Humans
• Obesity/therapy
• Patient Education as Topic
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Dietary counselling has been identified as one of the nutritional strategies to alleviate cardiometabolic health conditions. Its effectiveness however may vary due to factors such as intensity level and provider while this has not been comprehensively studied. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of dietary counselling on the cardiometabolic health in middle-aged and older adults and the sub-group analyses with dietary counselling intensity and the provider were also assessed. Four databases including PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Cochrane Library and EMBASE were systematically searched. Data from 22 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were compiled and those from 9 RCTs were utilised for meta-analysis. Dietary counselling lowered total cholesterol (TC) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) but had no impact on triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Sub-group analysis revealed significant lowering effect of high intensity dietary counselling for TG (weighted mean difference (WMD): −0.24 mmol/L, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): −0.40 to −0.09), TC (WMD: −0.31 mmol/L, 95% CIs: −0.49 to −0.13), LDL (WMD: −0.39 mmol/L, 95% CIs: −0.61 to −0.16) and FBS (WMD: −0.69 mmol/L, 95% CIs: −0.99 to −0.40) while medium or low intensity dietary counselling did not show favouring effects. Counselling provider showed differential responses on cardiometabolic health between dietitian and all other groups. The findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that dietary counselling is a beneficial dietary strategy to improve cardiometabolic health in middle-aged and older adults with the emphasis on the counselling intensity.

• cardiometabolic risk
• nutritional counselling
• nutritional strategy
• older adults

• Aged
• Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control
• Counseling/methods
• Counseling/statistics & numerical data
• Diet, Healthy/methods
• Female
• Health Promotion/methods
• Health Promotion/statistics & numerical data
• Humans
• Male
• Metabolic Diseases/prevention & control
• Middle Aged

Alongside glucose lowering therapy, clinical guidelines recommend lifestyle interventions as cornerstone in the care of people living with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). There is a specific need for an up-to-date review assessing the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for people with T2DM living in low-and-middle income countries (MICs). Four electronic databases were searched for RCTs published between 1990 and 2020. T2DM, lifestyle interventions, LMICs and their synonyms were used as search terms. Data codebooks were developed and data were extracted. Narrative synthesis and meta-analysis were conducted using random effects models to calculate mean differences (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Of 1284 articles identified, 30 RCTs (n = 16,670 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis revealed significant improvement in HBA1c (MD −0.63; CI: −0.86, −0.40), FBG (SMD −0.35; CI: −0.54, −0.16) and BMI (MD −0.5; CI: −0.8, −0.2). In terms of intervention characteristics, those that included promoted self-management using multiple education components (e.g., diet, physical activity, medication adherence, smoking cessation) and were delivered by healthcare professionals in a hospital/clinic setting were deemed most effective. However, when interpreting these results, it is important to consider that most included studies were evaluated as being of low quality and there was a significant amount of intervention characteristics heterogeneity. There is a need for further well-designed studies to inform the evidence base on which lifestyle interventions are most effective for glycemic control in adults with T2DM living in LMICs.

• FBG
• HBA1c
• body mass index
• dietary advice
• lifestyle intervention
• low-middle income countries
• meta-analysis
• physical activity guidelines
• self-management programs
• systematic review
• type 2 diabetes

• Adult
• Developing Countries
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
• Glycemic Control
• Humans
• Life Style
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Gastrointestinal tumors have a high incidence rate. The application value of the cooperative nursing care system of medical care has received widespread attention in recent years. However, there are few studies on the value of the joint application of collaborative nursing care and self-efficacy education.

To explore the effect of cooperative nursing care management/self-efficacy education on postoperative infection and self-efficacy in gastrointestinal tumor surgery patients.

A total of 102 patients with gastrointestinal tumors treated in our hospital from October 2018 to February 2020 were selected and divided into a conventional group (n = 51) and a combined group (n = 51) according to the nursing plan. The routine group adopted routine nursing, and the joint group adopted the medical care cooperative responsibility system nursing management combined with self-efficacy education. The self-efficacy scores, coping style scores, self-experience burden scores, and postoperative complication rates of the two groups before and after intervention were counted.

After intervention, the daily life behavior management, cognitive symptom management, and disease management scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention, and those of the combined group were higher than those of the conventional group (all P = 0.000). After the intervention, the positive response scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention, the negative response scores were lower than those before the intervention, and the combined group was better than the conventional group (all P = 0.000). After the intervention, the two groups’ emotional, economic, and physical factor scores were lower than those before the intervention, and the combined group was lower than the conventional group (all P = 0.000). The incidence of infection in the combined group (1.96%) was lower than that in the conventional group (15.69%) (P = 0.036).

Cooperative nursing care management and self-efficacy education improved the physical and mental states of gastrointestinal cancer surgery patients, change the response to disease, and reduce the risk of postoperative infection.

• Medical care cooperative responsibility system nursing management
• Self-efficacy education
• Gastrointestinal neoplasms
• Postoperative infection
• Self-efficacy
• Nursing

Improved health literacy and awareness could help type 2 diabetic patients to control the disease complications.

The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of theory-based educational intervention on health literacy and self-care behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients in Tonekabon city.

This randomized controlled trial study was conducted at health care centers in Tonekabon city, Iran, from April 5, 2017, to October 22, 2018. Using multistage random sampling, 166 patients with type 2 diabetes divided into two groups: theory-based intervention (n = 83) and custom education (n = 83). The data collection tools consisted of demographic information, Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) measures, health literacy for Iranian adults (HELIA) and summary of diabetes self-care activities (SDSCA). The five 45-minute group training sessions based on the baseline assessment and model constructs along with the targeted pamphlet and m-health strategy were designed for the experimental group. Data were analyzed using chi-square, independent and paired t-test and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

After controlling for pre-test effect, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean scores of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavior control and intention in post-test (P < 0.001). Also, after controlling for the pre-test effect, the results showed a significant difference in the self-care domain in the post-test (P < 0.001). Finally, after controlling for the pre-test variable effect, covariance analysis reflects significant difference in total health literacy score and its dimension at posttest (P < 0.001).

Applying TPB based education is suggested to maintain and improve self-care behaviors and health literacy in type 2 diabetic patients and other chronic diseases.

• Attitude
• Behavior change
• Diabetes
• Health literacy
• Self-care behavior

• Adult
• Aged
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
• Health Literacy
• Health Promotion
• Humans
• Iran
• Middle Aged
• Self Care

Diabetes is the most prevalent disease resulted from metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of training based on health belief model (HBM) on oral hygiene-related behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study was conducted as an educational randomized controlled trial (single blind) on 120 patients with type 2 diabetes referring to a diabetes clinic selected through systematic sampling, who were assigned to two groups of control (N = 60) and intervention (N = 60). The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire based on HBM which was completed by both groups before the intervention. Then, the intervention group received 4 sessions of educational program based on HBM in 1 month, and the same questionnaire was completed again after 3 months and the data were analyzed through SPSS version 20 software with inferential statistics, t-test, paired t-tests, Chi square, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test analysis.

Three months after the intervention, awareness of the patients and perceived susceptibility, benefits, self-efficacy, internal cue to action, and performance in oral and dental hygiene-related behaviors had a significant increase in the intervention group (p < 0.05). So that the performance of oral and dental hygiene in the intervention group increased from 2.16 ± 0.71 to 3.25 ± 0.49 (p = 0.001) after the education.

Our results suggest that training patients with diabetes based on HBM as well as through active follow-up can enhance their skills in oral and dental hygiene-related behaviors. Controlling, monitoring and follow-up during the program are also recommended.

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT 2017050733847N1. Prospectively registered 14 June 2017, http://en.irct.ir/trial/26011

• Diabetes care
• Health belief model
• Oral hygiene
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus