|
1
|
Keller E, Robbins W, Sun Y, Li J. Heroes in Red: Traumatic Event Exposure Linked to Reduced Wellbeing Among a Cohort of U.S. Ski Patrollers. Wilderness Environ Med 2025:10806032251337468. [PMID: 40368395 DOI: 10.1177/10806032251337468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2025]
Abstract
IntroductionSki patrollers face unique occupational risks and may be exposed to traumatic events. This study aimed to determine the relationship between traumatic event exposures and wellbeing among a cohort of U.S. ski patrollers.MethodsA non-experimental, descriptive, longitudinal design was followed to complete a pilot study. An online survey was employed with repeated measures (1, 2, & 3 months). Participants were conveniently sampled from one ski resort in the Western United States. This study was informed by the stress continuum model.ResultsA total of 29 participants completed at least one follow-up survey and were included as the analytic sample. Participants were primarily White (n = 27, 93.10%), non-Hispanic or Latino (n = 27, 93.10%), and male (n = 19, 65.52%), aged 39.07 on average. Three-quarters of participants reported exposure to traumatic events at Survey 1 (n = 22, 75.86%), and the frequency ranged from 1 to 20 events. Increased frequency of traumatic events by each one event was significantly related to decreased wellbeing levels over 3 months (β = -0.0253, p < .0001, 95% CI: [-0.0364, -0.0141]), after controlling for age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status, and working hours. When included as an interaction term, resilience was found to buffer the negative effect of traumatic event exposure on wellbeing (β = -0.0068, p < .0001, 95% CI: [-0.0099, -0.0038]).ConclusionsFindings underscore the need for additional research to identify the most effective ways to support the wellbeing and resilience of ski patrollers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Keller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Wendie Robbins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yijia Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Jiang H, Weihs A, Frenzel S, Klinger-König J, Ewert R, Stubbe B, Berger K, Penzel T, Fietze I, Bülow R, Völzke H, Grabe HJ. The impact of childhood emotional abuse and depressive symptoms on sleep macro-architecture and cortical thickness. J Affect Disord 2025; 376:92-103. [PMID: 39909163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/01/2025] [Indexed: 02/07/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood events and especially emotional abuse (EA) is consistently associated with poor psychiatric outcomes in adulthood, with depressive symptoms being one of the most prevalent. Both EA and depression are frequently associated with poorer sleep quality and cortical structural abnormalities. Interestingly, some individuals who experienced early-life EA are resilient against the development of psychiatric illness in adulthood and are believed to possess distinct neurobiology that confer more effective coping mechanisms. METHODS 682 subjects from a population-based cohort underwent polysomnography (PSG), whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Linear regressions were used to model joint EA and depressive symptoms effects with sleep macro-architecture and cortical thickness; and path analyses were used to investigate mediation effects. RESULTS Considering depressive symptoms as a product variable with EA (EA×depression), we observed the strongest effect in EA×depression with percentage spent in SWS (%SWS), where %SWS increased with EA in non-depressed subjects. We observed increased thicknesses in three cortical regions in emotionally-abused, non-depressed individuals from structural MRI. Mediation analysis demonstrated that %SWS significantly mediated the association of EA×depression with cortical thickness in two of the three regions. LIMITATIONS We are not able to infer any causal role of sleep in our cross-sectional design. Self-report questionnaires are also subject to recall-bias. CONCLUSIONS Higher regional cortical thicknesses in emotionally-abused, non-depressed individuals can partially be explained by increased %SWS, suggesting a potentially protective role of SWS against brain volume loss associated with EA and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyi Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Antoine Weihs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Frenzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Ewert
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Pulmonary Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Beate Stubbe
- Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Pulmonary Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Penzel
- University Hospital Charité Berlin, Sleep Medicine Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo Fietze
- University Hospital Charité Berlin, Sleep Medicine Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
De las Cuevas C, Segovia M. The Sleep Expectation-Reality Gap: Exploring Discrepancies Between Perceived and Ideal Sleep Duration in Primary Care Patients. Healthcare (Basel) 2025; 13:650. [PMID: 40150500 PMCID: PMC11942060 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare13060650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2025] [Revised: 03/09/2025] [Accepted: 03/15/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to quantify the discrepancy between perceived and ideal sleep duration among primary care patients and identify demographic, lifestyle, and psychological factors associated with this expectation-reality gap. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 adult primary care patients, who completed a survey assessing demographics, sleep perceptions, and insomnia severity (Insomnia Severity Index, ISI). Sleep discrepancy was defined as the difference between perceived and ideal sleep duration. Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Spearman's correlations, and multiple linear regression to examine predictors of sleep discrepancy. RESULTS Participants reported a mean perceived sleep duration of 6.39 ± 1.36 h, significantly lower than their ideal sleep duration of 8.07 ± 0.75 h (p < 0.001). A significant sleep discrepancy was found in 81.3% of participants, while only 2.0% exceeded their perceived sleep needs. Higher ISI scores were strongly associated with greater sleep discrepancy (r = -0.476, p < 0.001). The regression model explained 27.7% of the variance (p < 0.001), with insomnia severity (β = -0.425, p < 0.001), higher BMI (β = -0.192, p < 0.001), cola drink consumption (β = 0.142, p = 0.009), and older age (β = 0.163, p = 0.002) as significant predictors. Gender, hypnotic medication use, and alcohol intake were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS A substantial expectation-reality gap in sleep duration exists, linked to insomnia severity, older age, and lifestyle factors. Addressing maladaptive sleep expectations through cognitive-behavioral interventions in primary care may improve sleep satisfaction and reduce insomnia-related distress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos De las Cuevas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Psychiatry, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencia (IUNE), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - María Segovia
- School of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
You Y, Ablitip A, Lin Y, Tang M, Qian W, Zhang D, Tong Y, Ding H, Chen K, Liu J, Ma X. Threshold effect of physical exercise on its association to diabetes mellitus in short sleep population: evidence from a nationwide study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1437452. [PMID: 39253585 PMCID: PMC11381290 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1437452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health concern, especially among individuals with short sleep duration. Understanding the relationship between physical exercise and DM in this population is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. However, the presence of a potential threshold effect of exercise on DM risk remains unclear. METHODS Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2007 to 2018, this population-based study investigated the association between physical exercise and DM in individuals with short sleep duration (no more than 7 hours per night). Weighted logistic regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors. Additionally, a two-piecewise linear regression model was employed to identify any threshold effect of exercise on DM risk. RESULTS This study included 15,092 participants identified with short sleep duration. Demographic characteristics stratified by DM status indicate higher prevalence among certain groups, such as middle-aged and older adults, males, and non-Hispanic Whites. The analysis revealed an inverse association between exercise levels and DM prevalence among the short sleep population. In the fully adjusted model, individuals engaging in sufficient exercise (> 600 MET-minutes/week) exhibited significantly reduced odds of developing DM [OR (95% CI): 0.624(0.527,0.738), p < 0.001]. Furthermore, the segmented regression model identified an inflection point at 2000 MET-minutes/week, below which a significant correlation between exercise and DM was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of a threshold effect of physical exercise on its association with DM in individuals with short sleep duration. Tailored exercise interventions targeting this population may help mitigate DM risk and improve overall health outcomes. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore optimal exercise thresholds for DM prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Alimjan Ablitip
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyu Lin
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Meihua Tang
- Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Mem, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxuan Qian
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Danyi Zhang
- School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tong
- Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Keshuo Chen
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Social Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxiu Liu
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Trabelsi K, Almarzooqi MA, Aljaloud KS, Ghazzawi HA, Alenezi AF, Salem A, Kerkeni M, Kerkeni M, Chtourou H, Ammar A, Boukhris O, Pandi-Perumal SR, Driller MW, Jahrami H. Adapting the athlete sleep behavior questionnaire (ASBQ) for Arabic-speaking populations: Translation, reliability testing, and validation using classical theory and item response theory. Sleep Med 2024; 119:267-275. [PMID: 38710132 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is essential for athletes' physical performance as well as their general health, well-being, and quality of life. To assess athletes' sleep behaviors, the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) was developed in the English language. However, a validated Arabic-version of the ASBQ is lacking. This study aimed to translate the ASBQ into Arabic (ASBQ-AR) and evaluate its reliability and validity among Arabic-speaking athletes. A total of 458 participants (254 athletes, 202 non-athletes) from four Arabic countries completed the ASBQ-AR and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaires. The psychometric properties of the ASBQ-AR were examined using unidimensional reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Item Response Theory (IRT), and convergent validity. The ASBQ-AR had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.723, McDonald's ω = 0.725) and a factorial structure, confirming its construct validity. CFA demonstrated improved model fit indices after the removal of two potentially misfitting items (items 4 and 13); however, the model's fit to the data remains suboptimal. IRT results indicated that the majority of items demonstrated a good model fit, suggesting effective measurement of the intended construct without significant interference, except for ASBQ-AR 4. Additionally, ASBQ-AR 4 appears to present the highest level of difficulty for respondents. In terms of convergent validity, the mean ASBQ-AR global score was correlated with the mean ISI global score (r = 0.5, p < 0.0001). The ASBQ-AR is a reliable and valid tool for assessing maladaptive sleep practices among Arabic-speaking athletes. Additional refinements to the ASBQ-AR are warranted to optimize its psychometric properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | | | - Khalid S Aljaloud
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, P.O. Box 2454, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hadeel Ali Ghazzawi
- Nutrition and Food Technology Department, Agriculture School, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 11942 Amman, Jordan.
| | - Ahmad F Alenezi
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Atef Salem
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Kerkeni
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Manel Kerkeni
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia.
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Achraf Ammar
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany; Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS (Faculty of Sport Sciences), UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France.
| | - Omar Boukhris
- SIESTA Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; Sport, Performance, and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
| | - Matthew W Driller
- SIESTA Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; Sport, Performance, and Nutrition Research Group, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Leclerc C, Gervais C, Hjeij D, Briand MM, Williamson D, Bernard F, Duclos C, Arbour C. Sleep Disruptions in Hospitalized Adults Sustaining a Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2024; 39:E201-E215. [PMID: 37767918 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adults sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at risk of sleep disturbances during their recovery, including when such an injury requires hospitalization. However, the sleep-wake profile, and internal and external factors that may interfere with sleep initiation/maintenance in hospitalized TBI patients are poorly understood. This review aimed to: (1) identify/summarize the existing evidence regarding sleep and sleep measurements in TBI adults receiving around-the-clock care in a hospital or during inpatient rehabilitation, and (2) identify internal/external factors linked to poor sleep in this context. METHODS A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA Scoping Review Extension guidelines. A search was conducted in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases. RESULTS Thirty relevant studies were identified. The most common sleep variables that were put forth in the studies to characterize sleep during hospitalization were nighttime sleep time (mean = 6.5 hours; range: 5.2-8.9 hours), wake after sleep onset (87.1 minutes; range: 30.4-180 minutes), and sleep efficiency (mean = 72.9%; range: 33%-96%) using mainly actigraphy, polysomnography, and questionnaires (eg, the sleep-wake disturbance item of the Delirium Rating Scale or the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). Twenty-four studies (80%) suggested that hospitalized TBI patients do not get sufficient nighttime sleep, based on the general recommendations for adults (7-9 hours per night). Sleep disruptions during hospitalization were found to be associated to several internal factors including TBI severity, cognitive status, and analgesia intake. External and modifiable factors, such as noise, light, and patient care, were consistently associated with sleep disruptions in this context. CONCLUSION Although the literature on sleep disturbances in hospitalized TBI patients has been increasing in recent years, many gaps in knowledge remain, including phenotypes and risk factors. Identifying these factors could help clinicians better understand the multiple sources of TBI patients' sleep difficulties and intervene accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Leclerc
- Author Affiliations: Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada (Mss Leclerc and Hjeij, Mr Gervais, and Drs Williamson, Bernard, Duclos, and Arbour); Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada (Ms Leclerc and Mr Gervais); Faculty of Medicine (Drs Briand and Bernard), Faculty of Pharmacy (Dr Williamson), and Faculty of Nursing (Dr Arbour), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Division of Trauma Research, Departments of Surgery and of Neurological Sciences, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada (Drs Briand, Bernard, Duclos, and Arbour); and Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada (Dr Duclos)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Nag DS, Swain A, Sahu S, Chatterjee A, Swain BP. Relevance of sleep for wellness: New trends in using artificial intelligence and machine learning. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1196-1199. [PMID: 38524514 PMCID: PMC10955542 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i7.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep and well-being have been intricately linked, and sleep hygiene is paramount for developing mental well-being and resilience. Although widespread, sleep disorders require elaborate polysomnography laboratory and patient-stay with sleep in unfamiliar environments. Current technologies have allowed various devices to diagnose sleep disorders at home. However, these devices are in various validation stages, with many already receiving approvals from competent authorities. This has captured vast patient-related physiologic data for advanced analytics using artificial intelligence through machine and deep learning applications. This is expected to be integrated with patients' Electronic Health Records and provide individualized prescriptive therapy for sleep disorders in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deb Sanjay Nag
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur 831001, Jharkhand, India
| | - Amlan Swain
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur 831001, Jharkhand, India
| | - Seelora Sahu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur 831001, Jharkhand, India
| | - Abhishek Chatterjee
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur 831001, Jharkhand, India
| | - Bhanu Pratap Swain
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur 831001, Jharkhand, India
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Bonnet JP. Content and Face Validation of the Lifestyle Medicine Assessment. Am J Lifestyle Med 2024; 18:252-259. [PMID: 38559789 PMCID: PMC10979726 DOI: 10.1177/15598276231214712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: There are no validated global lifestyle medicine brief screening tools that measure health behaviors in all six lifestyle domains. The Lifestyle Medicine Assessment (LMA) tool was initially developed and revised based on feedback elicited from colleagues, experts, and patients. During the developmental process, every item underwent language changes. Three of the original 24 items were removed. However, there have not been any formal validation efforts. This study aims to formally evaluate the face and content validity of the LMA. Methods: A survey was emailed to 12 board-certified lifestyle medicine experts asking them to rank items in the LMA on a 1-4 scale for content relevance and clarity. Content and face validity were quantitatively determined using the item-level content validity index (I-CVI), scale-level content validity index (S-CVI), and item-level face validity index (I-FVI), scale-level face validity index (S-FVI), respectively. Literature accepted thresholds of I-CVI/I-FVI ≥.79 and S-CVI/S-FVI average ≥ .80 were used. Results: Eleven experts returned evaluations of the 21-item LMA. All 21 items had I-CVI for relevance ≥.91 and I-FVI ≥.81 with excellent kappa values. The S-CVI/I-FVI average for relevance and clarity were .99 and .95, respectively. Conclusion: The 21-item LMA is a brief global lifestyle medicine tool that has demonstrated excellent content and face validity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Bonnet
- Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Kim Y, An HJ, Seo YG. The Relationship between Breakfast and Sleep and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Nutrients 2023; 15:4596. [PMID: 37960249 PMCID: PMC10650383 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research on the individual effects of breakfast and sleep on health outcomes, there has been limited investigation into their combined effects. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between breakfast-eating behavior and sleep timing on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. A total of 16,121 participants (6744 men and 9377 women) aged 19 years or older were selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2016-2018, 2021). We classified participants into four groups: early sleep + regular breakfast eaters (group 1), late sleep + regular breakfast eaters (group 2), early sleep + infrequent breakfast eaters (group 3), and late sleep + infrequent breakfast eaters (group 4). In men, group 4 had a lower prevalence of obesity than group 1 (OR 0.78, 95%CI 0.62-0.97), and groups 2, 3, and 4 had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) than group 1 (OR 1.43, 1.62, and 1.47, respectively). In women, group 4 had a lower prevalence of dyslipidemia than group 1 (OR 0.59, 95%CI 0.44-0.80), and group 2 had a higher prevalence of MetS than group 1 (OR 1.24, 95%CI 1.03-1.50). The combination of skipping breakfast and late sleep timing was associated with the higher prevalence of MetS particularly in men. Moreover, the relationship between breakfast and sleep timing on CVD risk factors differed by sex and age group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young-Gyun Seo
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (H.-J.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Kim Y, An HJ, Seo YG. Optimal cutoffs of sleep timing and sleep duration for cardiovascular risk factors. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 204:110894. [PMID: 37666431 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to establish the optimal cutoffs of sleep timing and duration to assess obesity, hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia (DL), and metabolic syndrome (MetS) using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, data from 18,677 participants (8,107 men and 10,570 women) aged 19 or over were used. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve adjusted for potential confounding variables was constructed to calculate the cutoff of sleep-related variables (bedtime, mid-sleep on free days corrected for sleep debt on workdays (MSFsc), and sleep duration) for assessing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors according to sex. RESULTS Bedtime between 9:00 PM to 0:30 AM for men and 10:00 PM to 11:00 PM for women is appropriate for assessing obesity, HTN, DM, DL, and MetS. The cutoff range was 9:00 PM to 11:00 PM for men ≥65 years and 9:00 PM to 12:00 AM for women ≥65 years, which was slightly earlier than that for participants <65 years. The optimal MSFsc cutoff points were established between 12:00 AM to 3:00 AM and sleep durations around 6 h were associated with the optimal cutoffs for assessing CVD risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Bedtime between 10:00 PM to 11:00 PM, early MSFsc, and short sleep durations were appropriate for assessing CVD risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ji An
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyun Seo
- Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Baker FC. Optimizing sleep across the menopausal transition. Climacteric 2023; 26:198-205. [PMID: 37011660 PMCID: PMC10416747 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2023.2173569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Women frequently experience sleep disturbances, particularly night-time awakenings, as they transition menopause and enter postmenopause. Sleep is essential for optimal functioning and health. Persistent and distressing sleep disturbances across menopause can negatively impact daytime functioning and productivity, and increase risk for mental and physical health conditions. While multiple factors can disturb sleep, two unique factors in the context of menopause are vasomotor symptoms and the changing reproductive hormone environment. Vasomotor symptoms are associated with sleep disturbances and contribute significantly to awakenings and amount of time spent awake during the night. Even after accounting for vasomotor and depressive symptoms, lower estradiol and higher follicle stimulating hormone levels, indicative of menopause, are associated with sleep disturbance, particularly awakenings, suggesting that the hormone environment may directly affect sleep. Management strategies for clinically significant menopausal sleep disturbances include cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, which is effective and durable in treating menopausal insomnia. Hormone therapy alleviates sleep disturbances, particularly in the presence of disruptive vasomotor symptoms. Sleep disturbances have a significant impact on women's functioning and health, and there is a need for further research of the underlying mechanisms to advance effective preventative and treatment strategies that ensure optimal health and well-being of midlife women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F C Baker
- Center for Health Sciences and Human Sleep Research Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Alzueta E, Perrin PB, Yuksel D, Ramos-Usuga D, Kiss O, Iacovides S, de Zambotti M, Cortes M, Olabarrieta-Landa L, Arango-Lasprilla JC, Baker FC. An international study of post-COVID sleep health. Sleep Health 2022; 8:684-690. [PMID: 36163137 PMCID: PMC9501615 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES COVID-19 has infected millions of people worldwide, with growing evidence that individuals with a history of infection may continue to show persistent post-COVID symptoms (long COVID). The aim of this study was to investigate sleep health in an international sample of individuals who reported previously testing positive for COVID-19. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Online survey distributed online between March and June 2021. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1001 individuals who reported a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 across different geographical regions, including North and South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Europe. MEASUREMENTS Self-reported sleep health, using the Regulatory Satisfaction Alertness Timing Efficiency Duration scale, as recalled before a COVID-19 diagnosis and also reported currently. RESULTS Individuals reported worse overall current sleep health, with lower ratings across the 6 dimensions of sleep health (sleep regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration) compared to their ratings as recalled before COVID-19 infection. Greater severity of COVID-19 symptoms was the strongest predictor of poor current sleep health (P < .001), independent of demographics, presence of a pre-existing chronic health condition, and time since infection. Poor current sleep health was associated with poorer current quality of life (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Poor current sleep health is evident in individuals with a history of COVID-19, particularly those with more severe symptoms at the time of their COVID-19 infection and is associated with a poorer quality of life. Clinicians and researchers should assess sleep health in COVID-19 patients and investigate long-term associations with their mental and physical health, as well as potential benefits of improving sleep in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Alzueta
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA,Corresponding author: Elisabet Alzueta, PhD, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Paul B. Perrin
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Dilara Yuksel
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Daniela Ramos-Usuga
- Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain,BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Orsolya Kiss
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Stella Iacovides
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Mar Cortes
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Fiona C. Baker
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA,Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Lee YY, Lau JH, Vaingankar JA, Sambasivam R, Shafie S, Chua BY, Chow WL, Abdin E, Subramaniam M. Sleep quality of Singapore residents: findings from the 2016 Singapore mental health study. Sleep Med X 2022; 4:100043. [PMID: 35243325 PMCID: PMC8861160 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2022.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the importance of sleep for physical and mental wellbeing, it is crucial to understand the extent of insomnia among community dwellers. However, there is a paucity of population wide epidemiological studies to estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality. This present study aimed to 1) characterize the sleep quality of a nationally representative sample (n = 6126) of Singapore residents using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and 2) identify the sociodemographic correlates of poor sleep in this population. A total of 27.6% of respondents reported poor sleep quality (PSQI score ≥5). Sociodemographic correlates of poor sleep quality in the Singapore population included, but were not limited to, females (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.77, p-value = 0.001), Malays (vs Chinese) (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.9, p-value < 0.001), Indians (vs Chinese) (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.47, p-value = 0.03), ex-smokers (vs non-smokers) (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.92, p-value = 0.02), persons with comorbid mental health conditions (vs no mental health conditions) (AOR = 14.11, 95% CI = 6.52 to 30.54, p-value < 0.01), and persons with physical multimorbidity (vs no physical conditions) (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.24 to 2.15, p-value < 0.001). The prevalence of poor sleep in Singapore is comparable to that of other countries in the Asian region. Targeted public health campaigns to psycho-educate vulnerable groups on the importance of good sleep hygiene may improve the overall wellbeing of residents in Singapore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Lee
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Jue Hua Lau
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | | | | | - Saleha Shafie
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Saraiva M, Fuentes-García JP, Vilas-Boas JP, Castro MA. Relationship between physical activity level and sleep quality with postural control and hemodynamic response in the prefrontal cortex during dual-task performance. Physiol Behav 2022; 255:113935. [PMID: 35931196 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the cortical activation and postural control behavior during dual-task (DT) has been an object of study. However, despite the multiple benefits of exercise and good sleep quality, less is known about the correlation between physical activity (PA) and sleep quality (SQ) on postural control and brain activation under dual-task performance. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between PA level and SQ with postural control performance and hemodynamic response in the prefrontal cortex during the DT performance in young adults. Thirty-four healthy young adults (mean age ± SD = 22.91 ± 3.90 years) participated in this study, and they performed a single-task and cognitive and motor DT using their smartphones. Postural control was assessed using a force plate to record the center of pressure (CoP) data (total excursion of CoP (TOTEX CoP), displacements of the CoP in anterior-posterior (CoP-AP) and medial-lateral (CoP-ML) directions, mean total velocity displacement of CoP (MVELO CoP), mean displacement velocity of CoP in anterior-posterior (MVELO CoP-AP) and medial-lateral (MVELO CoP-ML) directions, amplitude of CoP in anterior-posterior (A-AP) and medial-lateral (A-ML) directions, and 95% confidence ellipse sway area (CEA)). The hemodynamic response was measured by the oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations using the functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form questionnaires assessed SQ and level of PA, respectively. Results indicated a positive correlation between SQ and cognitive DT cost for CoP-ML (rs = 0.422, p = 0.013), MVELO CoP-ML (rs = 0.422, p = 0.013) and A-ML (rs = 0.579, p < 0.001). There were no significant relations between the other outcomes (p > 0.05). In conclusion, poor sleep quality was associated with a worse postural control performance in CoP-ML, MVELO CoP-ML and A-ML parameters under cognitive dual-task conditions. The differences found in the postural control and hemodynamic response during dual-task performance do not correlate with physical activity level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Saraiva
- RoboCorp Laboratory, i2A, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra 3046-854, Portugal; Faculty of Sports and CIAFEL, University of Porto, Porto 4200-450, Portugal.
| | | | - João Paulo Vilas-Boas
- Faculty of Sports and CIAFEL, University of Porto, Porto 4200-450, Portugal; LABIOMEP-UP, Faculty of Sports and CIFI2D, the University of Porto, Porto 4200-450, Portugal
| | - Maria António Castro
- RoboCorp Laboratory, i2A, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra 3046-854, Portugal; Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3030-788, Portugal; Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria 2411-901, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Zappalà S, Swanzy EK, Toscano F. Workload and Mental Well-Being of Homeworkers: The Mediating Effects of Work-Family Conflict, Sleeping Problems, and Work Engagement. J Occup Environ Med 2022; 64:e647-e655. [PMID: 35941739 PMCID: PMC9524528 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Based on the Conservation of Resources theory, this cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between workload experienced by employees when working at home and their mental well-being. Work-family conflict, sleeping problems, and work engagement are proposed as mediators. METHODS A sample of 11,501 homeworkers was drawn from the sixth wave of the European Working Condition Survey data set. RESULTS Unlike the expected, the higher the workload, the higher the mental well-being of employees. However, as expected, high workload was correlated with lower well-being when indirect effects through work-family conflict, sleep problems, and work engagement were considered. Similarly, the total effect of workload on mental well-being was negative. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that organizations should pay more attention to the amount of workload experienced by their homeworkers because it may be harmful to their health and well-being.
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Marthinsen GN, Helseth S, Småstuen M, Bjorvatn B, Bandlien SM, Fegran L. Sleep patterns and psychosocial health of parents of preterm and full-born infants: a prospective, comparative, longitudinal feasibility study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:546. [PMID: 35794538 PMCID: PMC9258469 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The early birth and hospitalization of a preterm infant in neonatal intensive care unit can produce several emotional and behavioural responses including sleep problems for parents. Few studies have explored sleep and its associations with health and HRQoL over time in this vulnerable parent population. This purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a prospective, comparative, longitudinal study of the sleep patterns and psychosocial health of preterm and full-born infants’ parents during the first postpartum year. Methods A prospective, comparative, longitudinal feasibility study was conducted. Parents of preterm infants were compared to parents of full-born infants to identify if there were differences in outcomes between the groups. The parents were instructed to wear actigraphs and complete sleep diaries for two consecutive weeks, and responded to a digital questionnaire covering stress, insomnia, fatigue, depression, social support, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life. Survey data were collected at infant ages of 2, 6, and 12 months, actigraphy and sleep diary data were collected at infant age of 2 months only. Descriptive analysis was used to describe recruitment and attrition rates. Differences between completers and dropouts were analysed with a chi-square test (categorical data) and Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test for two independent samples (continuous variables). Results Between June 2019 and March 2020, 25 parents of a preterm infant and 78 parents of a full-born infant were recruited from four neonatal intensive care units and two maternity wards, respectively, in four Norwegian hospitals. Feasibility was predefined as recruiting ≥ 75 parents each of preterm and full-born infants. The target for the full-born group was reached. However, the preterm group recruitment was challenging. Actigraphs, sleep diaries, and questionnaires were evaluated as feasible for use in a future study. Attrition rates were high in both groups at 6 and 12 months. No parent-related characteristics were associated with participation at 6 months. At 12 months, dropouts had a statistically significantly lower age in the full-born group (both parents) and higher age and body mass index in the preterm group (fathers). Conclusions A longitudinal study is feasible; however, procedural changes, including using active methods and contacting participants, are necessary to increase the recruitment of preterm infants’ parents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04862-1.
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Alhusseini N, Alammari D, Ramadan M, Ziadeh N, Zyadeh Z, Alshamrani J, Qasim H, Alamri N, Alqahtani SA. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle among the Saudi population. J Public Health Res 2022; 11:22799036221123156. [PMID: 36105779 PMCID: PMC9465571 DOI: 10.1177/22799036221123156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During COVID-19, major change occurred in the governmental regulations to combat the pandemic. Lifestyle factors are changeable habits and routine behaviors with an impact on physical and mental health. With the pandemic, sudden and radical changes occurred in the lifestyle of people worldwide. The main purpose of the study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle factors including (dietary habits, physical activity, sleeping patterns, smoking, and alcohol use) among the Saudi population. Design and methods This is a cross-sectional study on a convenient sample of adults residing in Saudi Arabia. An online survey was distributed via social media channels. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the distribution of demographic variables using Chi-square χ2 tests for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Bowker test, and McNemar's Test were performed to evaluate the effects of lockdown on lifestyle factors. Results A total of 1051 participants were included in the study. There was a slight decrease in the overall diet score during the pandemic (14.98%) compared to before the pandemic (15.05%) (p-value = 0.02), indicating poorer dietary intake during the lockdown. Approximately one-fourth of the participants (26.1%) reported following specific eating habits or a restricted diet during the pandemic (p-value = 0.0001). There was increased consumption of most components of dietary intake categories, during the lockdown. An increase in physical activities for three or more times was reported. A higher proportion of respondents reported sleeping nine or more hours a day during the lockdown (10.8%). Similarly, a higher percentage of individuals reported smoking daily during the lockdown (12.2%). As of overall health status, higher percentage of respondents reported poor health status during lockdown (6.1%). Conclusion This study revealed major changes in lifestyle factors, negative shifts were revealed in dietary habits and smoking patterns. Positive changes were shown in physical activity, drinking water, and sleeping patterns. Our findings suggest that COVID-19 played a major role in changing lifestyle factors among adults in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare providers and public health officials are encouraged to increase awareness of healthy lifestyle factors that strengthen the immune system to combat COVID-19. The Saudi population needs increased awareness programs about healthy lifestyles to be prepared during pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noara Alhusseini
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology
Department, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duaa Alammari
- College of Public Health and Health
Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical
Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Ramadan
- King Abdullah International Medical
Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for
Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Ziadeh
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zineh Zyadeh
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jude Alshamrani
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hiba Qasim
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal
University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura Alamri
- Department of Pediatric
Oncology/Hematology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Center, and
Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal
Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Gastroenterology and
Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Chen H, Wang LJ, Xin F, Liang G, Chen Y. Associations between sleep duration, sleep quality, and weight status in Chinese children and adolescents. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1136. [PMID: 35668374 PMCID: PMC9172025 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13534-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective
The high prevalence of obesity is a serious problem, and sleep is considered to be a factor for obesity. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep duration, sleep quality, and weight status among children and adolescents in China and to explore whether the relationship between sleep duration and weight status is independent of sleep quality. Sex and age differences were also explored. Methods A cross-sectional research was conducted among 2019 children and adolescents (1029 boys and 990 girls) aged 8–16 years in Shanghai. An open-question was used to obtain data on sleep duration, which was categorized into the following four groups based on the age-specific National Sleep Foundation Sleep Duration Recommendations: 1) very short, 2) short, 3) recommended, and 4) long. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Weight and height were measured for all participants. The variable weight status was estimated with the Chinese children and adolescent age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) and was categorized into overweight/obesity and normal weight. Results Short sleep duration (7–8 and 6–7 h for 6–13 and 14–16 years old, respectively) significantly increased odds of overweight/obesity (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.06–1.64) compared with that of the recommended sleep duration (9–11 and 8–10 h for 6–13 and 14–16 years old, respectively). The relationship between the two variables existed independent of sleep quality. No significant relationship was found between sleep quality and overweight/obesity of children and adolescents. Sleep quality (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.14) and short sleep duration (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.06–2.13) increased the risk for overweight/obesity among girls, whereas no significant relationships between sleep duration, sleep quality, and overweight/obesity were found among boys. Short sleep duration increased the risk of overweight/obesity in children aged 8–13 years (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.05–1.71), independent of sleep quality, but no significant relationships between these two variables existed for adolescents aged 14–16 years. Conclusions Overall, short sleep duration increased the risks of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in China, independent of sleep quality. This relationship is significant for girls and children aged 8–13 years instead of boys and adolescents aged 14–16 years. Interventions to extend the sleep duration of children and adolescents, especially girls and children aged 8–13 years in China, are necessary to improve their weight status. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13534-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu District, Changhai Road No 399, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu District, Changhai Road No 399, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Fei Xin
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu District, Changhai Road No 399, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Guo Liang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu District, Changhai Road No 399, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu District, Changhai Road No 399, Shanghai, 200438, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Tokdemir G. Software professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: Factors affecting their mental well-being and work engagement in the home-based work setting. THE JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2022; 188:111286. [PMID: 35250124 PMCID: PMC8885087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.111286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the COVID-19 pandemic, strict measures have been taken to slow down the spread of the virus, and consequently, software professionals have been forced to work from home. However, home-based working entails many challenges, as the home environment is shared by the whole family simultaneously under pandemic conditions. The aim of this study is to explore software professionals' mental well-being and work engagement and the relationships of these variables with job strain and resource-related factors in the forced home-based work setting during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online cross-sectional survey based on primarily well-known, validated scales was conducted with software professionals in Turkey. The analysis of the results was performed through hierarchical multivariate regression. The results suggest that despite the negative effect of job strain, the resource-related protective factors, namely, sleep quality, decision latitude, work-life balance, exercise predict mental well-being. Additionally, work engagement is predicted by job strain, sleep quality, and decision latitude. The results of the study will provide valuable insights to management of the software companies and professionals about the precautions that can be taken to have a better home-based working experience such as allowing greater autonomy and enhancing the quality of sleep and hence mitigating the negative effects of pandemic emergency situations on software professionals' mental well-being and work engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gul Tokdemir
- Cankaya University, Computer Engineering Department, Eskisehir Yolu 29.km. Mimar Sinan Cad. No:4, 06790, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
|
20
|
Birimoglu Okuyan C, Begen MA. Working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic, its effects on health, and recommendations: The pandemic and beyond. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:173-179. [PMID: 34003489 PMCID: PMC8242705 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We provide an overview of how to work from home during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and what measures should be taken to minimize the negative effects of working from during this time. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has forced an adaptation process for the whole world and working life. One of the most adaptation measures is working from home. Working from home comes with challenges and concerns but it also has favorable aspects. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It is crucial to develop and implement best practices for working from home to maintain a good level of productivity, achieve the right level of work and life balance and maintain a good level of physical and mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Canan Birimoglu Okuyan
- Gait and Brain Lab, Parkwood Institute, Western University, London, Canada.,Department of Nursing, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet A Begen
- Ivey Business School, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Psychological Wellbeing, Worry, and Resilience-Based Coping during COVID-19 in Relation to Sleep Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010050. [PMID: 35010309 PMCID: PMC8744958 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A novel empirical model tested variables that mediate and moderate this impact. First, a relationship was established between psychological wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic and sleep quality. Second, resilience-based coping associated with the COVID-19 pandemic was tested as a mediator of the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality. Third, dispositional rumination, mindfulness, and worry were compared as moderators of the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality. Fourth, a moderated mediated model was tested for each moderator. Online survey data was collected from 153 adults in the United States. Results demonstrated that coping with the COVID-19 pandemic partially mediated the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality. Worry, but not rumination or mindfulness, moderated the impact. A moderated mediation model failed to demonstrate significance, indicating that the data are best represented by distinct mediation and moderation models. Thus, interventions aimed at improving sleep quality should prioritize concurrent reduction in worry and increase in resilience-based coping strategies. This study provides practical and theoretical contribution to the literature by demonstrating relationships between key variables and contextualizing how the model can be used for assessments and interventions during widespread crises.
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Waller M, Lissner L, Hange D, Sundh V, Blomstrand A, Björkelund C. Well-being and mental stress in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden: cohort comparisons from 1980 to 2016 of 36-year trends and socioeconomic disparities in 38-and 50-year old women. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:934. [PMID: 34001044 PMCID: PMC8130328 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10937-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Women’s lives have dramatically changed in recent decades as evidenced by trends in educational attainment, employment outside the home, income, and other socioeconomic factors. Self-reported health in 18–70 year old women has been reported to be significantly lower than in men. In Sweden, the 2005 National Public Health Report showed that stressful work environments have become more common, especially for women. The purpose of the study was to monitor trends in well-being and perceived mental stress in the populations of 38- and 50-year-old women and to examine associations with socioeconomic position (SEP). Subjects In 1980, 2004, and 2017, population-based samples of 38- and 50-year old women were recruited into the Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg (PPSWG), Sweden. This population-based study included participants from selected birth cohorts to participate in health examinations, at similar ages and with similar protocols on each occasion. Methods Birth cohort comparisons between three representative samples of 38- and 50-year-old women. Well-being (scale 1–7) and perceived mental stress (scale 1–6) based on questionnaires were the main outcomes studied in relation to time. Socioeconomic position (SEP) based on socio-occupational group, i.e. occupational and educational level combined, were examined as correlates of well-being and mental stress at different points in time. Results Perception of good well-being increased in generations of 50-year-old women between 1980 to 2016, but no significant time trends were seen in 38-year-old women. Perception of high mental stress increased between 1980 and 2016, for both 38-and 50-year-old women. Belonging to a low socio-occupational group was associated with lower perceived well-being in 1980 but not in 2016. Belonging to a low socio-occupational group was not associated with perceived mental stress at any examination. Conclusions Contemporary women of today have generally higher perceptions of well-being but also higher mental stress regardless of belonging to low or high socio-occupational group. Associations between poor well-being and belonging to a low socio-occupational group that were observed in 1980 and 2004 were not observed in 2016. The Prospective Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden was approved by the ethics committee of University of Gothenburg (Dnr 65–80; Ö564–03; 258–16). The studies comply with the Declaration of Helsinki and informed consent has been obtained from the subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Waller
- Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - L Lissner
- Nutritional Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Hange
- Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V Sundh
- Nutritional Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Blomstrand
- Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Björkelund
- Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
|
23
|
Mental and Physical Factors Influencing Wellbeing among South Korean Emergency Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010070. [PMID: 33374138 PMCID: PMC7795396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Emergency workers are frequently exposed to hazardous situations and such life patterns can influence their wellbeing. This study examined the relationships among South Korean emergency workers’ precedents and consequences of positive emotion, engagement, relationship, meaning, and achievement (PERMA), a wellbeing concept, and offered solutions. A total of 597 emergency workers in Daegu, South Korea, participated in a survey. This study measured post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome, burnout, depression, PERMA, quality of life, life satisfaction, and sleep quality to test the relationships. Results demonstrated that post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome and burnout predicted distracting sleep behavior and sleep health. Depression was significantly related to PERMA. The better the emergency workers’ PERMA was, the better their quality of life and life satisfaction were. PERMA significantly predicted sleep behavior, a portion of sleep quality. Depression had an indirect influence on quality of life mediated by PERMA. Post-traumatic stress disorder syndrome, burnout, and PERMA were significant predictors of low sleep health and sleep behavior. The results indicate that South Korean emergency workers struggle with depression and sleep quality. As the data were collected during the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic, individual efforts and relevant programs to improve South Korean emergency workers’ PERMA and sleep quality in a crisis are recommended. Possible solutions to improve the wellbeing of South Korean emergency workers are suggested.
Collapse
|