• Lymphatic abnormalities
• Lymphatic malformations
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Pediatric radiology

• Embolization therapeutic
• Generalized lymphangiomatosis
• Interventional radiology
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Thoracic duct

• Computed tomography scan
• Generalized lymphangiomatosis
• Lymphangioma
• Lymphangiomatosis
• Magnetic resonance imaging cytology

• Anomalía linfática generalizada
• Anomalías linfáticas
• Computed tomography
• Cystic lymphangioma
• Generalized lymphatic anomaly
• Linfangioma
• Linfangioma quístico
• Lymphangioma
• Lymphatic anomalies
• Osteolysis
• Osteólisis
• Tomografía computarizada

• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Lymphatic Abnormalities/diagnostic imaging
• Lymphatic Abnormalities/pathology
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
• Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
• Radiography
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

Lymphangiomatosis is a rare benign proliferation and dilation of the lymphatic channels that can involve multiple organs with a variety of clinical presentations. We report a case of generalized lymphangiomatosis in a 16-year-old male who presented with a subcutaneous swelling and pain over his lower back area. The patient was diagnosed of generalized lymphangiomatosis with involvement of soft tissues, pulmonary, thoracic and lumbosacral vertebrae, and spinal canal which subsequently confirmed by cytology. In this case report, we aim to discuss radiological features of the relevant differentials, and the patient's symptoms. We also briefly discuss the treatment options as well as prognosis.

• Computed tomography
• Cytology
• Generalized lymphangiomatosis
• Magnetic resonance imaging

• Computed tomography
• Cystic peritoneal lesions
• Lymphangioma
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Ultrasonography
• cystic

• Diagnosis, Differential
• Humans
• Lymphangioma, Cystic/diagnostic imaging
• Retroperitoneal Neoplasms
• Ultrasonography

• gorham–stout disease
• lymphangioleiomyomatosis
• lymphangioma
• lymphoscintigraphy
• spect/ct

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Antimony
• Female
• Humans
• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis/diagnostic imaging
• Lymphangioma/diagnostic imaging
• Lymphoscintigraphy
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Osteolysis, Essential/diagnostic imaging
• Retrospective Studies
• Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography
• Technetium Compounds
• Young Adult

• chylothorax
• interstitial lung disease
• lymphatic anomalies
• magnetic resonance lymphangiography

• Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) tumors
• Leiomyosarcoma
• Leiomyosarcoma of the Inferior Vena Cava
• Sarcoma
• Vascular Leiomyosarcoma
• metastatic leiomyosarcoma

• Abdominal Pain/etiology
• Fatal Outcome
• Female
• Humans
• Leiomyosarcoma/secondary
• Liver Neoplasms/secondary
• Lung Neoplasms/secondary
• Middle Aged
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed
• Vascular Neoplasms
• Vena Cava, Inferior

Gastric duplication cysts (GDCs) are a relatively uncommon congenital developmental abnormality, mainly occurring in infants but very rarely in adults. Because of the variability in clinical presentation, it is often quite challenging to diagnose GDCs in adults. We are presenting a case report of an adult diagnosed operatively as having a GDC with a literature review to summarize clinical and imaging features and the treatment selections of GDCs in adults so that doctors could have a comprehensive understanding of this disease and make a precise diagnosis and a suitable therapeutic decision for patients.

A 51-year-old man presented with recurrent epigastric pain and fullness for two years. No significant findings were noted during physical examination and routine blood tests were unremarkable. An abdominal ultrasound revealed a large cyst in the upper left abdominal quadrant. A following contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a hypodense cystic lesion between the spleen and stomach. The lesion had scattered calcification in the cyst wall without any significant enhancement. The lesion was initially thought to be a cystic lymphangioma. The patient underwent a surgical resection and intraoperatively it was noted that the lesion was closely adherent to the greater curvature of the stomach. Subsequently, a resection of the gastric mass along with a partial gastrectomy was performed. The patient recovered quickly with a complete symptomatic relief and did not show any further complications during the 8-month follow-up.

GDCs are quite rare in adults, with a multitude of symptoms, which is quite challenging for precise diagnosis before histological examination. Some imaging techniques involving CT, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopic ultrasound could provide valuable morphological features for differential diagnosis.

• Gastrointestinal abnormality
• Gastric duplication cyst
• Computed tomography
• Ultrasound
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Case report

• Lumbosacral plexopathy
• Lymphangiomatosis
• Sacral plexus

• Chylothorax
• Lymphangioma

• CEUS
• Lymphangioma
• contrast-enhanced ultrasound

• Contrast Media/therapeutic use
• Female
• Humans
• Lymphangioma/diagnostic imaging
• Middle Aged
• Ultrasonography/methods

Generalised lymphatic anomaly (GLA), also known as lymphangiomatosis, is a rare disease caused by congenital abnormalities of lymphatic development. It usually presents in childhood but can also be diagnosed in adults. GLA encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from single-organ involvement to generalised disease. Given the rarity of the disease, most of the information regarding it comes from case reports. To date, no clinical trials concerning treatment are available. This review focuses on thoracic GLA and summarises possible diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Possible diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to generalised lymphatic anomaly (lymphangiomatosis)http://ow.ly/4n4pgU

We present the case of a 19-year-old man who was extensively evaluated in multiple centres for long-standing cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis without a definitive diagnosis. His chest radiograph at presentation showed mediastinal widening, bilateral pleural effusions, and Kerley B lines. Computed tomography of the thorax showed a confluent, fluid-density mediastinal lesion enveloping the mediastinal viscera without any mass effect. There were bilateral pleural effusions, prominent peribronchovascular interstitial thickening, interlobular septal thickening and lobular areas of ground glass density with relative sparing of apices. There were a few dilated retroperitoneal lymphatics and well-defined lytic lesions in the bones. In this case report, we aim to systematically discuss the relevant differentials and arrive at a diagnosis. We also briefly discuss the treatment options and prognosis along with our patient's course in the hospital and final outcome.

• Cystic mediastinal mass
• generalized lymphangiomatosis
• pulmonary interstitial thickening
• pulmonary lymphangiectasia

Le lymphangiome kystique est une tumeur bénigne malformative rare des vaisseaux lymphatiques à localisations diverses. La localisation rétropéritonéale est moins fréquente comparée à celle mésentérique. Sa présentation clinique est polymorphe. Le diagnostic est évoqué par l'imagerie mais il nécessite une confirmation histologique. Le traitement de choix est chirurgical. Notre objectif est d'étudier les manifestations cliniques, les complications, les aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques de cette tumeur. Nous rapportons une série de 5 cas de lymphangiomes kystiques rétropéritonéaux (4 femmes et un homme) opérés dans notre service entre les années 2004 et 2014. Leurs dossiers ont été examinés rétrospectivement. Le suivi était basé sur l'examen clinique et l'échographie abdominale. L´âge moyen était de 45 ans. Le suivi moyen était de 32,6 mois. La symptomatologie révélatrice la plus fréquente était les douleurs et/ou une masse abdominale. Le scanner abdominal était l'examen le plus utile au diagnostic. Une exérèse complète était réalisée d'emblée chez quatre patients et elle était différée après cinq ans de surveillance par une échographie annuelle chez un. Dans un cas, on a eu recours à une néphrectomie. Aucune récidive ni complication n´ont été notées chez les 5 patients. le lymphangiome kystique à localisation rétropéritonéale est une affection rare. Sa prise en charge thérapeutique repose sur une exérèse complète, de cas de lésions symptomatiques ou de complications, pour limiter le risque de récidive. Cette dernière peut être différée chez les patients asymptomatiques.

• Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma
• diagnosis
• surgery
• treatment

• Cervical tumor
• Cystic lymphangioma
• Diagnostic anténatal
• Extension
• Fetal
• Fœtal
• Imagerie par résonance magnétique
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Malformation lymphatique kystique
• Masse cervicale
• Prenatal diagnosis
• Ultrasonography
• Échographie

• Lymphangiomatosis
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging

Generalized lymphatic anomaly is a rare multisystem congenital disorder in which multiple organs are involved. Imaging features often overlap with other complex lymphatic anomalies and diagnosis is difficult. Treatment options are limited, not remedial and prognosis is poor. We report a 12-year-old male who presented with axillary and chest wall lymphangioma but was subsequently diagnosed as having diffuse lymphangiomatosis affecting lungs, liver, spleen, and bones on computerized tomography scan. We suggest complete radiological evaluation of susceptible adolescent children with lymphangioma to avoid diagnostic delay in this morbid condition. We also discuss radiological features of other similar complex lymphatic anomalies and crucial role of imaging in diagnosis.

Vascular anomalies, including vascular malformations and tumors, are frequently straightforward to detect; however, accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment are often challenging. Misdiagnosis of these lesions can lead clinicians in the wrong direction when treating these patients, which can have unfavorable results. This review presents an overview of the classification systems that have been developed for the diagnosis of vascular lesions with a focus on the imaging characteristics. Pictorial examples of each lesion on physical examination, as well as non-invasive and minimally invasive imaging are presented. An overview of the endovascular treatment of these lesions is also given. In some cases, vascular anomalies may be associated with an underlying syndrome and several of the most commonly encountered syndromes are discussed. Understanding of the classification systems, familiarity with the treatment options and knowledge of the associated syndromes are essential for all physicians working with this patient population. The approach to the described entities necessitates an organized multi-disciplinary team effort, with diagnostic imaging playing an increasingly important role in the proper diagnosis and a combined interventional radiologic and surgical treatment method showing promising results.

• Vascular malformation
• Lymphatic malformation
• Overgrowth syndromes
• Arteriovenous malformation
• Hemangioma

Cysts and cystic-appearing lesions around the knee are common and can be divided into true cysts (synovial cysts, bursae, ganglia, and meniscal cysts) and lesions that mimic cysts (hematomas, seromas, abscesses, vascular lesions, and neoplasms). The specific anatomic location of the cystic lesion often permits the correct diagnosis. In difficult cases, identifying a cystic mass in an atypical location and/or visualizing internal solid contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should raise concern for a neoplasm and the need for further evaluation and intervention.

• Bursa
• cyst
• knee
• synovial cyst

• MRI
• US
• lymphangioma
• scrotum

• Diagnosis, Differential
• Genital Neoplasms, Male/diagnostic imaging
• Genital Neoplasms, Male/pathology
• Genital Neoplasms, Male/surgery
• Humans
• Lymphangioma/diagnostic imaging
• Lymphangioma/pathology
• Lymphangioma/surgery
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
• Male
• Scrotum/diagnostic imaging
• Scrotum/pathology
• Scrotum/surgery
• Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/methods
• Young Adult

Primary retroperitoneal masses are a rare but important group of neoplasms. Cross-sectional imaging has revolutionised the investigation of patients with retroperitoneal neoplasms. Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can contribute to tumour diagnosis, though histological confirmation is often required because of the considerable overlap of imaging features. Cross-sectional imaging is key to the pre-operative staging and planning of retroperitoneal masses, though ultrasound may also help in certain instances. Imaging also helps to select and guide the site to biopsy from these usually large and heterogeneous neoplasms. This article aims to review many of the primary retroperitoneal neoplasms that may be encountered by the radiologist.

• Adolescent
• Bone and Bones/pathology
• Child
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Female
• Humans
• Lymph Nodes/pathology
• Lymphatic Diseases/diagnosis
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
• Male
• Osteolysis, Essential/diagnosis
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods

• Adult
• Fatal Outcome
• Female
• Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging
• Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology
• Humans
• Infant, Newborn
• Intestinal Neoplasms/complications
• Intestinal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
• Lymphangioma, Cystic/complications
• Lymphangioma, Cystic/diagnostic imaging
• Pregnancy
• Ultrasonography, Prenatal

• Child, Preschool
• Female
• Humans
• Lung Diseases/complications
• Lung Diseases/congenital
• Lung Diseases/diagnostic imaging
• Lymphangiectasis/complications
• Lymphangiectasis/congenital
• Lymphangiectasis/diagnostic imaging
• Lymphangioma, Cystic/complications
• Lymphangioma, Cystic/diagnostic imaging
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed

• Child
• Chylothorax/diagnosis
• Chylothorax/genetics
• Chylothorax/therapy
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Humans
• Lung Diseases/congenital
• Lung Diseases/diagnosis
• Lung Diseases/genetics
• Lung Diseases/therapy
• Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis
• Lung Neoplasms/genetics
• Lung Neoplasms/therapy
• Lymphangiectasis/congenital
• Lymphangiectasis/diagnosis
• Lymphangiectasis/genetics
• Lymphangiectasis/therapy
• Lymphangioma/diagnosis
• Lymphangioma/genetics
• Lymphangioma/therapy
• Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/diagnosis
• Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/genetics
• Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/therapy
• Prognosis