Perioperative hypothermia, a common occurrence in patients undergoing general anesthesia, is defined as a core body temperature below 36°C. The relationship between patient body composition and the incidence of hypothermia remains underreported. This study aims to elucidate the association between body composition and perioperative hypothermia in patients undergoing open gastrectomy.

Patients undergoing open gastrectomy were enrolled in the study. Patients whose bladder temperature was lower than 36°C were allocated to the hypothermia group, and the other patients were allocated to the control group. The patient's body composition was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis.

A total of sixty-eight patients participated in this study. Among them, 34 experienced perioperative hypothermia (bladder temperature below 36°C) and were classified into the hypothermia group, while the remaining 34 were placed in the control group. The hypothermia group had a significantly higher body surface area per body weight. Additionally, the hypothermia group exhibited significantly lower total fat mass, skeletal muscle mass index, and basal metabolic rate (P < 0.05). However, body fat percentage and visceral fat mass did not differ significantly between the groups. Multivariate analysis identified total fat mass below 11.2 kg (HR 4.51, 95% CI: 1.35-15.03, P = 0.014) and skeletal muscle mass index below 10.06 kg/m2 (HR 5.61, 95% CI: 1.86-16.93, P = 0.002) as independent risk factors for perioperative hypothermia.

Low total fat mass and a low skeletal muscle mass index are significant risk factors for perioperative hypothermia in patients undergoing open gastrectomy. These risk factors could improve the accuracy of identifying high-risk patients for perioperative hypothermia.

Maintaining normothermia during the perioperative period is crucial for preventing complications, such as surgical site infections, prolonged hospital stays, and adverse cardiovascular events. This study aimed to elucidate methods of perioperative temperature management by integrating Western and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) approaches. By combining advanced techniques of Western medicine with holistic and preventative practices of TCM, we aimed to provide a comprehensive strategy for effective perioperative thermal regulation.

And a comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze the causes of perioperative hypothermia and methods of perioperative temperature management from both Western and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) perspectives. Special emphasis was placed on evaluating the underlying factors contributing to perioperative hypothermia, as well as the effectiveness, selection criteria, indications, contraindications, adverse reactions, and potential complications associated with various temperature management techniques.

Effective prevention and management strategies include preoperative risk assessment, physical warming measures, environmental temperature control, pharmacological interventions, perioperative temperature monitoring, comprehensive warming protocols, and postoperative warming and monitoring. Integrating traditional Chinese medicine provides additional methods to enhance overall effectiveness and patient outcomes. By combining these approaches, healthcare providers can significantly reduce the incidence of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH) and its associated complications, improving patient safety and recovery.

For IPH, a complex and challenging medical condition, both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine have established their own theoretical bases and developed corresponding prevention and treatment methods. However, it is important to note that although each of these methods has unique value and potential, they also have specific indications and unavoidable limitations. Therefore, by integrating and combining the complementary strengths and resources of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, we can achieve a more comprehensive and effective prevention of IPH, ultimately improving the health and well-being of those affected.

Prolonged consumption of diets high in saturated fat and sugar has been related to obesity and overweight, which in turn are linked to cognitive impairment in both humans and rodents. This has become a current issue, especially in children and adolescents, because these stages are crucial to neurodevelopmental processes and programming of adult behavior. To evaluate the effects of gestational and early exposure to an obesogenic diet, three groups with different dietary patterns were established: high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFS), standard diet (SD), and a dietary shift from a high-fat, high-sucrose diet to a standard diet after weaning (R). Spatial learning and behavioral flexibility in adult male and female Wistar rats were evaluated using the Morris water maze (MWM) at PND 60. Furthermore, regional brain oxidative metabolism was assessed in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. Contrary to our hypothesis, the HFS diet groups showed similar performance on the spatial learning task as the other groups, although they showed impaired cognitive flexibility. The HFS group had increased brain metabolic capacity compared to that of animals fed the standard diet. Shifting from the HFS diet to the SD diet after weaning restored the brain metabolic capacity in both sexes to levels similar to those observed in animals fed the SD diet. In addition, animals in the R group performed similarly to those fed the SD diet in the Morris water maze in both tasks. However, dietary shift from HFS diet to standard diet after weaning had only moderate sex-dependent effects on body weight and fat distribution. In conclusion, switching from an HFS diet to a balanced diet after weaning would have beneficial effects on behavioral flexibility and brain metabolism, without significant sex differences.

Central adiposity, which is visceral and subcutaneous adiposity in the abdominal region, is a known risk factor for developing chronic cardiometabolic diseases. Central adiposity can be measured relatively inexpensively using ultrasound. Ultrasound has been shown to be precise and reliable, with measurement accuracy comparable to computed tomography and magnetic resonance. Despite the advantages conferred by ultrasound, widespread adoption has been hindered by lack of reliable standard operating procedures. To consolidate the literature and bring clarity to the use of ultrasound-derived measures of central adiposity, this review outlines (i) the [patho]physiological importance of central adiposity to cardiometabolic disease risk; (ii) an overview of the history and main technical aspects of ultrasound methodology; (iii) key measurement considerations, including transducer selection, subject preparation, image acquisition, image analysis, and operator training; and (iv) guidelines for standardized ultrasound protocols for measuring central adiposity.

Unplanned intraoperative hypothermia is a complication that can lead to a variety of negative outcomes, such as cardiovascular events. We aimed to develop and validate an intraoperative hypothermia risk prediction nomogram for patients with colorectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic colorectal procedures. We conducted a prospective cohort study with 1,091 patients (ie, 765 in the training cohort, 326 in the validation cohort) from October 2020 to November 2021. We included six predictors in the nomogram model: body mass index, diabetes diagnosis, ambient temperature, ambient humidity, duration of surgery, and use of a forced-air warmer. The model performed well, and the area under the curve was 0.855. These results, together with an external validation value, mean that health care professionals can use the nomogram to calculate the intraoperative hypothermia risk for patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal procedures and make clinical decisions based on the results.