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Ilaria N, Lorenzo M, Sergio S, Giuseppina P, Luigi E. Correlation analysis of age, abstinence, and seasons with semen parameters in untreated male partners of infertile couples. Urologia 2025:3915603251334077. [PMID: 40380866 DOI: 10.1177/03915603251334077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2025]
Abstract
Many studies reveal the presence of an effect of age, abstinence and seasons on semen parameters, but the number of patients enrolled is small and the presence of therapies unknown. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between abstinence days, age, season, and semen parameters (volume, concentration, progressive motility, total number of sperms, morphology) among men referred to our laboratory. We proceeded with a cross-sectional, observational, exploratory study in an Andrology laboratory. A population of 348 male partners of infertile couples who did not receive any treatment in the 3 months preceding semen analysis was selected. Sperm volume, concentration, total number, progressive motility and morphology of sperms were conducted strictly following the guidelines indicated in the last edition of WHO manual for semen analysis. Pearson's correlation analysis and Kendall's correlation analysis were applied. Sperm concentration, semen volume and sperm total number moderately increased as well as the abstinence, while progressive motility and morphology moderately decreased. Regarding the age, in the 20-35 age group there was a weak inverse association with concentration, total number, motility and morphology and a weak positive association with volume; in the 42-63 age group there was a moderate positive association between age and concentration, motility and morphology, but an inverse association with volume. No correlation emerged between seasonal variations and semen parameters. These results suggested the importance of correct information to patients for proper semen analysis for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Ilaria
- Azienda USL Toscana centro, Laboratorio di Seminologia, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Millanti Lorenzo
- Azienda USL Toscana centro, UFC Epidemiology Prevention Department, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
| | | | - Peluso Giuseppina
- Azienda Ospedaliera di Cosenza, Maternal Infant Department, Sperm Bank, Cosenza, Calabria, Italy
| | - Errichiello Luigi
- Azienda USL Toscana centro, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Pescia, Florence, Tuscany, Italy
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Nguyen BH, Tran HQ, Pham QM, Tran KV. Ejaculatory abstinence and its impacts on within- and between-individual variations in semen parameters of 9,595 Vietnamese men. Transl Androl Urol 2025; 14:389-401. [PMID: 40114824 PMCID: PMC11921226 DOI: 10.21037/tau-24-553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Ejaculatory abstinence (EA) is the key to assessing the semen analysis. While its fundamental roles on all sperm and semen parameters have been studied for decades, there are still controversies about whether shortening or lengthening EA would be beneficial. Despite natural variations of human semen, most studies in this field investigate the influence of EA using between-individual approaches that cannot control intra-individual covariates. There is still little evidence on how deviation in EA between two samplings affects variations in semen parameters. This study aimed to revisit the relationship between EA and semen parameters, especially in the within-individual analysis and in terms of two-time EA deviations. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 11,297 conventional semen examinations from 9,595 men who presented for reproductive health check-ups between May 2017 and December 2022, aiming to assess between-individual variation. Among them, 1,702 men doing semen analysis twice within 1 month were selected to investigate the role of two-time EA deviation further. Results EA positively correlated with the semen volume, sperm concentration, and total motile sperm count (TMSC), consistent in both between- and within-individual analyses. However, according to the linear regression model, there were no clear peaks in the above parameters following EA elongation. Sperm concentration and TMSC from the two samplings differed when the two-time EA deviation was no more than 1 day. On the other hand, the proportion of total motility tends to increase with lengthening the EA (β=0.16, P<0.01) in between-individual but not in within-individual analysis. Moreover, this study showed no correlation between the straight-line velocity (VSL) and EA. Variations in semen parameters would be reduced when the EA deviation between two samplings was decreased. Conclusions This study reaffirms the importance of EA in sperm quantity. EA should be maintained consistently or deviate by no more than 1 day to minimize variations between the two samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bac Hoai Nguyen
- Department of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Hanoi Medical University's Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Quoc Tran
- Department of Urology, Hanoi Medical University's Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quan Minh Pham
- Department of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Hanoi Medical University's Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kien Van Tran
- Department of Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Hanoi Medical University's Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Li YP, Liu C, Mustieles V, Zhang Y, Messerlian C, Gaskins AJ, Chen HG, Chen YJ, Xu QT, Zhao XY, Wang H, Meng TQ, Pan A, Mei SR, Wang YX. Organophosphate Esters, Sperm Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, and Semen Quality: A Longitudinal Study with Repeated Measurements. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2025; 59:3388-3400. [PMID: 39932113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c09573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2025]
Abstract
Toxicological studies revealed that exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) affects semen quality, but human evidence is controversial. Over a 3-month follow-up, 1,385 healthy young men provided 3,550 urine samples and 6,466 semen samples, which were determined for urinary OPE metabolite concentrations, sperm quality parameters, and sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn). Linear mixed models revealed inverse associations between diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) concentrations and sperm concentration [-3.81% (95% CI: -6.31, -1.24) per each 2-fold increment in exposure], total count [-4.07% (95% CI: -7.21, -0.76)], progressive motility [-0.55 (95% CI: -0.93, -0.17)], and total motility [-0.54 (95% CI: -0.91, -0.17)]; and between bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP) and diocresyl phosphate and di-p-cresyl phosphate (DoCP and DpCP) concentrations and sperm concentration [-3.61% (95% CI: -5.53, -1.58) and -3.27% (95% CI: -5.92, -0.48), respectively] and total count [-5.13% (95% CI: -7.53, -2.67) and -3.87% (95% CI: -7.21, -0.35), respectively]. These inverse associations persisted only for DPHP, DoCP and DpCP, and BBOEP measured during the epididymal storage period. Sperm mtDNAcn mediated 67.7% and 52.5%, respectively, of the associations between BBOEP and sperm concentration and total count [beta coefficient of average causal mediation effects = -0.15 (95% CI: -0.25, -0.07) and -0.18 (95% CI: -0.29, -0.08), respectively].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), University of Granada, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Audrey J Gaskins
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Heng-Gui Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Ying-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Qi-Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Zhao
- Technology Center of Wuhan, Wuhan Customs District of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430050, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Technology Center of Wuhan, Wuhan Customs District of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430050, China
| | - Tian-Qing Meng
- Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, China
| | - An Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Su-Rong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Yao G, Qi Q, Dou X, Zhou W, Bai S, Zhang X. Association of abstinence time with semen quality in men who undergoing fertility evaluation: a cross-sectional study from 3052 participants. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2025; 16:1472333. [PMID: 39926349 PMCID: PMC11803428 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1472333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective Abstinence time has been associated with semen quality, but the results remain controversial. Methods This study recruited 3052 men undergoing fertility evaluation. Abstinence time (AT) was categorized as short (0-1 day), WHO-recommended (2-7 days) and long (>7 days). Semen parameters including volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, total motility, total motility sperm count (TMSC), morphology and DNA fragmentation index were assessed for their association with AT. Results Short AT was significantly associated with lower semen volume (P< 0.001), sperm concentration (P= 0.01) and TMSC (P< 0.001), while long AT was significantly associated with higher sperm concentration (P= 0.006), reduced progressive motility (P= 0.005) and total motility (P= 0.02), and higher DFI (P< 0.001). Restricted cubic spline models demonstrated a non-linear relationship between AT and the risk of low semen volume (Pnon-linear < 0.001), sperm concentration (Pnon-linear = 0.039) and TMSC (Pnon-linear < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest both short and long AT were significantly associated with lower sperm quality, which indicated the importance of maintaining a recommended AT (2-7days) for semen analysis. Additionally, short abstinence periods may be recommended to maintain optimal sperm DNA integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying Yao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Qinglin Qi
- Department of Reproductive Health, Pingxiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xianchao Dou
- School of Medical Imaging, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shun Bai
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Jiang Y, Zhu Y, Kong Q, Lv X, Xi Q, Yu Y. Association between penultimate ejaculatory abstinence and sperm quality: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1490399. [PMID: 39483985 PMCID: PMC11524872 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1490399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ejaculatory abstinence (EA) duration influences semen parameters. However, the impact of penultimate ejaculatory abstinence (PEA) on conventional and functional sperm parameters remains underexplored. Method A cross-sectional study recruited 1,503 men from a reproductive center between November 2023 and July 2024. Each participant underwent a physical examination, completed clinical questionnaires, and provided a semen sample for analysis. Generalized linear models were adjusted for potential confounders such as EA to investigate the association between PEA and various sperm parameters. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between PEA and the risk of high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and necrozoospermia. Results Participants were categorized into four quartiles based on PEA duration. (Q1: 1-3 days; Q2: 4-5 days; Q3: 6-9 days; Q4: > 9 days). After adjusting for potential confounders, a significant positive linear association was found between PEA and DFI, while a significant negative linear association was observed with progressive sperm motility. The longest PEA duration (Q4) correlated positively with semen concentration (P = 0.025), total sperm count (P < 0.001), and sperm vitality (P < 0.001). Compared to Q1, a PEA of > 9 days (Q4) was associated with higher risks of sperm DFI > 30% (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 4.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.37-7.62), asthenozoospermia (adjusted OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.07-1.96), and necrozoospermia (adjusted OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.07-3.69). Moreover, the risk of sperm DFI > 15% was higher in Q2, Q3, and Q4 compared to Q1. Conclusion Prolonged PEA adversely affects sperm DFI, progressive motility, and sperm vitality, increasing the likelihood of asthenozoospermia, necrozoospermia, and elevated DFI levels. These findings suggest that both EA and PEA should be considered in fertility assessments, with shorter PEA durations potentially yielding higher quality sperm, thereby enhancing male fertility evaluation and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yang Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Kugelman N, Hochberg A, Dahan MH. Impact of short abstinence versus testicular sperm on sperm DNA fragmentation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 310:1831-1843. [PMID: 39196330 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Optimal sperm DNA integrity is essential for fertilization and embryo health. Research indicates that testicular sperm (TS), obtained via TESA or TESE, typically show lower sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) than ejaculated sperm after standard abstinence. Shortening abstinence to less than 2 days might reduce SDF, offering a less invasive and more cost-effective alternative to surgical sperm retrieval. Yet, no studies have directly compared the efficacy of shorter abstinence against TS extraction for lowering SDF. Our meta-analysis aims to address this gap by comparing SDF levels in TS to those in ejaculated sperm after a short abstinence period. METHODS Meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled and prospective observational studies included 4 on TS and 12 on short abstinence ejaculation. The meta-analysis followed MOOSE guidelines, scrutinizing databases including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE(R), and PUMBED up to November 16, 2023. The analysis was conducted using RevMan. The observational studies' methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and the overall evidence quality was evaluated following the GRADE criteria. To compare short ejaculation duration and TS (are not directly compared in the literature) for SDF levels, we analyzed relevant data from studies of each method. We adjusted the participant numbers in the TS group by 1/3 and included each TS study three times, to perform a comparison against the short duration studies which were in a ratio of 1:3. This approach maintained an unaltered cumulative subject count for the meta-analysis of TS studies. RESULTS A total of 641 patients were included, comprising 120 and 521 patients with SDF measurements following TS and ejaculation after a short abstinence period, respectively. The studies had varied inclusion criteria, with not all patients having an initial elevated SDF. Some studies had incomplete details on age and other demographics. However, the mean ± SD age of 93 TS patients was 38.15 ± 5.48 years vs. 37.7 ± 6.0 years of 444 short abstinence patients, demonstrating no significant difference (P = 0.544). Short abstinence durations ranged from 1 to 48 h. Diverse DNA fragmentation tests were used: TUNEL assay in three testicular sperm studies, SCD assay in one, and in the short abstinence group, four used TUNEL and six used SCD assays, along with one each using SCSA and Halosperm. The mean ± SD SDF was lower in the TS group than in the short abstinence group (mean difference - 9.48, 95%CI - 12.45 to - 6.52, P < 0.001, I2 = 85%). Sensitivity analysis revealed that no single study significantly influenced the results. Employing the GRADE criteria, the initial assessment categorized the overall quality of evidence as low due to the observational nature of the acquired data. All studies were of medium to high quality. CONCLUSION This study suggests testicular sperm may be better than ejaculated sperm for improving SDF in infertility cases. Direct comparisons are needed, before deeming short abstinence less effective. Future research should directly compare reproductive outcomes using both methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Kugelman
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Alyssa Hochberg
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael H Dahan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Halim B, Angellee J, Agustinus A, Pakpahan C, Lubis HP. Enhancing Sperm Quality Through Consecutive Ejaculation After Short Abstinence in Men with Low Semen Parameters Undergoing ICSI. J Reprod Infertil 2024; 25:281-289. [PMID: 40352441 PMCID: PMC12060863 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v25i4.18126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 10/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Longer abstinence time is believed to be associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in excessive amounts may be detrimental to the sperm. To enhance sperm quality, multiple research studies have proposed reducing the duration of abstinence by encouraging consecutive ejaculations. This approach has been shown to improve sperm motility and morphology, which are associated with better ICSI and IUI outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate sperm quality and fertilization rate, cleavage rate, as well as embryo quality in severe oligoasthenozoospermic men using the consecutive ejaculate collected within an hour of abstinence. Methods A prospective study was conducted at Halim Fertility Center from August 2020-April 2022, involving male partners undergoing ICSI treatment who presented with severe oligoasthenozoospermia on their previous semen analysis. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used to analyze the parameters of the groups, including characteristics of the study participants, oocytes and sperm samples, as well as the ICSI outcomes, using a significance level of 5%. Results A statistically significant improvement in the sperm total motility was recorded in the consecutive ejaculate compared to the first (31.53±11.73% vs. 22.52±8.85%; p<0.001). Both fertilization and cleavage rates were higher in the consecutive ejaculate group, although they were not statistically significant (61.41±28.04% vs. 55.45±31.76%; p=0.081 and 88.10±28.63% vs. 81.07±36.34%; p=0.262). Conclusion Consecutive ejaculates collected within an hour of the first may enhance sperm total motility, fertility, and cleavage rates in male partners with low sperm count and quality undergoing ICSI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binarwan Halim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive, Endocrinology and Infertility, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
- Halim Fertility Center, Stella Maris Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Jesselyn Angellee
- Halim Fertility Center, Stella Maris Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Medan, Indonesia
- Andrology Study Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Agustinus Agustinus
- Andrology Study Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Cennikon Pakpahan
- Andrology Study Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hilma Putri Lubis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive, Endocrinology and Infertility, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
- Halim Fertility Center, Stella Maris Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Medan, Indonesia
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Matorras R, Malaina I, Anibal N, Limia I, Rodríguez-Gómez L. Factors influencing natural fecundity in fertile couples: a survey of puerperae and their partners. Reprod Biomed Online 2024; 48:103751. [PMID: 38657329 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.103751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What is the fecundity rate among fertile couples, and which factors influence it? DESIGN Retrospective study of all puerperae attending Cruces University Hospital Human Reproduction Unit over 9 months. An anonymous questionnaire was circulated to all patients, and 2510 valid completed questionnaires were collected. The main inclusion criterion was natural conception resulting in delivery. Pregnancies resulting from ART and contraceptive method failure were excluded. Investigated parameters were time to pregnancy, age and smoking (in women and men), previous pregnancies and intercourse frequency. A mathematical formula was developed to predict the per-month fecundity rate (PMFR). RESULTS The cumulative fecundity rate was 29.08%, 54.26%, 68.61%, 89.88%, 96.95% and 98.63% (at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months); between 12 and 36 months, the average PMFR ranged from 8.53-7.48%. Only 1.68% of pregnancies occurred between 24 and 36 months, and only 1.37% thereafter. The best fecundity markers were obtained in the group who had sexual intercourse seven to eight times a week. Women and men younger than 25 years had lower fecundity markers than those aged between 25 and 40 years. CONCLUSIONS Fertile couples have a non-negligible per-month fecundity rate between 12 and 36 months, which should be considered when planning fertility studies. The lower fecundity rate observed in women and men aged younger than 25 years deserves more study. Coital frequencies of more than two or three times a week did not affect the fecundity rate and was better with frequencies of seven to eight times a week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Matorras
- Human Reproduction Unit, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903, Baracaldo, Spain.; Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48903, Bizkaia, Spain.; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903, Barakaldo, Spain.; Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI) Bilbao, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Iker Malaina
- Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nieto Anibal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de l'Arrixaca, 30120, Murcia, Spain.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Limia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Basurto, 48013, Bilbao, Spain..
| | - Leire Rodríguez-Gómez
- Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48903, Bizkaia, Spain.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Cruces, 48903, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
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Lo Giudice A, Asmundo MG, Cimino S, Cocci A, Falcone M, Capece M, Abdelhameed AS, Capogrosso P, Morgado A, Tsampoukas G, Manfredi C, Russo GI. Effects of long and short ejaculatory abstinence on sperm parameters: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1373426. [PMID: 38828413 PMCID: PMC11140051 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1373426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of ejaculatory abstinence on sperm parameters. Methods This analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023472124). We performed a search on PubMed using the following text terms: (("sperm parameters" OR "sperm analysis" [Mesh]) AND ("sperm DNA fragmentation" OR "DNA fragmentation" [Mesh]) AND ("sexual abstinence" [Mesh] OR "abstinence")) and an advanced search in Scopus using the terms ("sperm parameters" OR "sperm parameters" OR "DNA fragmentation") AND ("abstinence"). The sperm parameters that were investigated were sperm volume, total sperm motility, progressive sperm motility, sperm concentration, sperm morphology, and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF). A two-day cut-off as a "short" or "long" abstinence period has been defined. Results Thirteen studies published between 2013 and 2022 were included in this meta-analysis. A total of 2,315 patients, ranging from 6 to 836 from each cohort, were enrolled in the study. We showed that longer abstinence time was associated with greater sperm concentration (mean difference [MD]: 8.19; p <0.01), sperm volume (MD: 0.96; p <0.01), and higher SDF (MD: 3.46; p <0.01), but lower progressive sperm motility (MD: -1.83; p <0.01). Otherwise, no statistically significant difference was observed in patients with longer vs. shorter abstinence times regarding total sperm motility (MD: -1.83; p = 0.06). Meta-regression analysis showed that days of abstinence were positively and linearly related to sperm concentration (slope: 3.74; p <0.01) and SDF (slope: 0.65; p = 0.044). Conclusions According to our data, short ejaculatory abstinence is associated with better sperm quality. Indeed, a higher percentage of progressive sperm motility and lower levels of SDF have been reported in a short abstinence cohort. In contrast, the long abstinence group reported a higher sperm concentration. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023472124.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrea Cocci
- Urology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Marco Capece
- Urology Section, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ali Saber Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Celeste Manfredi
- Urology Section, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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10
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Xie M, Hämmerli S, Leeners B. The Association between Abstinence Period and Semen Parameters in Humans: Results in Normal Samples and Different Sperm Pathology. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:188. [PMID: 38398698 PMCID: PMC10890102 DOI: 10.3390/life14020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of sexual abstinence on sperm quality, particularly in pathological cases, is a subject of debate. We investigated the link between abstinence duration and semen quality in both normal and pathological samples. METHODS We analyzed semen samples from 4423 men undergoing fertility evaluation, comprising 1256 samples from healthy individuals and 3167 from those with conditions such as oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, or a combination of these factors, namely oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). Parameters including sperm concentration, the percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa, total motile sperm count, and the percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology were assessed at various abstinence durations (each day, 0-2, 3-7, and >7 days). RESULTS Extended abstinence correlated with higher sperm concentration overall (p < 0.001), except in oligozoospermia. Longer abstinence reduced progressive motility in normal (p < 0.001) and teratozoospermic samples (p < 0.001). Shorter abstinence was linked to higher morphologically normal sperm in normal samples (p = 0.03), while longer abstinence did so in oligoasthenoteratozoospermic samples (p = 0.013). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that a prolonged abstinence time is linked to higher sperm concentration, while optimal sperm motility is observed after shorter abstinence periods. However, results regarding morphology remain inconclusive. Recommendations on abstinence duration should be tailored based on the specific parameter requiring the most significant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.X.); (S.H.)
| | - Silvan Hämmerli
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.X.); (S.H.)
| | - Brigitte Leeners
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.X.); (S.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Mainwaring JM, Lee TK, Wassersug RJ, Wibowo E. Scales for Assessing Male Sexual Function are not Entirely Applicable to Gay and Bisexual Men with Prostate Cancer. Urol Clin North Am 2023; 50:549-561. [PMID: 37775214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Scales designed for assessing male sexual function may not be suitable for men of all sexual orientations. We reviewed frequently used sexual function scales and examined the item content and documentation of validation. These scales predominantly focus on general sexual function and erection. They lack questions on behaviors relevant to men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM), such as anal sex, masturbation, or sexual activities outside of committed relationships. Additionally, the validation samples rarely mention inclusion of MSM, revealing a clear gap in the clinical evaluation tools available for MSM, who are experiencing sexual dysfunction from prostate cancer treatment side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard J Wassersug
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Erik Wibowo
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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12
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Barbagallo F, Cannarella R, Crafa A, La Vignera S, Condorelli RA, Manna C, Calogero AE. The Impact of a Very Short Abstinence Period on Assisted Reproductive Technique Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:752. [PMID: 36979001 PMCID: PMC10045034 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies supported the beneficial effects of a very short abstinence period on sperm quality. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of a very short abstinence period (within 4 h) on assisted reproductive technique (ART) outcomes. METHODS A literature search was performed using the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. A meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All eligible studies were selected following the PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparison/Comparator, Outcomes, Study type) model. The following pregnancy outcomes after ART were considered: fertilization rate (FR), implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), live birth rate (LBR), and miscarriage rate (MR). This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023396429). RESULTS We evaluated 414 records for eligibility, and 7 studies were ultimately included. Our analysis showed that a very short abstinence period significantly increased the IR, CPR, and LBR after ART. No significant differences were found for the FR and MR. CONCLUSIONS A second ejaculation collected very shortly after the first one could represent a simple strategy to improve the results of ART, especially in couples including patients with abnormal sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Crafa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosita A Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Claudio Manna
- Biofertility IVF and Infertility Center, 00198 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo E Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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13
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The Influence of Male Ejaculatory Abstinence Time on Pregnancy Rate, Live Birth Rate and DNA Fragmentation: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062219. [PMID: 36983220 PMCID: PMC10054513 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Variation in ejaculatory abstinence time and its influence on semen quality and clinical reproductive outcomes is a growing concern among clinicians and researchers. The WHO (World Health Organization) recommends 2–7 days of abstinence time prior to semen collection for diagnostic purposes; however, the evidence that such an abstinence period leads to better pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate short and long ejaculatory abstinence time in association with pregnancy rate, live birth rate and DNA fragmentation, in order to make a recommendation on an ideal timeframe for ejaculatory abstinence. This review is conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022379039). The electronic databases PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were searched for eligible studies. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network was used for the assessment of the risk of bias across the included studies. Twenty-four studies were included in this systematic review. The included studies confirm that a shorter abstinence time is associated with improved pregnancy rates and live birth rates following assisted reproductive technology compared with longer ejaculatory abstinence times at different cut-off points. Similarly, a lower DNA fragmentation index was reported in semen analyses collected from short abstinence times compared with long abstinence times. However, due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, it is not possible to extract an ideal time of ejaculatory abstinence, but all outcomes improved with shorter ejaculatory abstinence times. This systematic review confirms that short ejaculatory abstinence times, less than those recommended by the WHO for diagnostic purposes, are associated with higher pregnancy and live birth rates and improved DNA fragmentation, when compared to long ejaculatory abstinence times.
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14
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Tvrdá E, Ďuračka M, Benko F, Kováčik A, Lovíšek D, Gálová E, Žiarovská J, Schwarzová M, Kačániová M. Ejaculatory Abstinence Affects the Sperm Quality in Normozoospermic Men-How Does the Seminal Bacteriome Respond? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043503. [PMID: 36834909 PMCID: PMC9963725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to describe bacterial profiles of ejaculates collected following a long and short ejaculatory abstinence set in the context of changes in the conventional, oxidative, and immunological characteristics of semen. Two specimens were collected in succession from normozoospermic men (n = 51) following 2 days and 2 h, respectively. Semen samples were processed and analyzed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 guidelines. Afterwards, sperm DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial function, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), total antioxidant capacity, and oxidative damage to sperm lipids and proteins were evaluated in each specimen. Selected cytokine levels were quantified using the ELISA method. Bacterial identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry revealed that samples collected following two days of abstinence presented with a higher bacterial load and diversity, and a greater prevalence of potentially uropathogenic bacteria including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Only staphylococci and Escherichia coli remained present in specimens obtained after 2 h of abstinence. Whilst all samples accomplished the criteria set by WHO, a significantly higher motility (p < 0.05), membrane integrity (p < 0.05), mitochondrial membrane potential (p < 0.05), and DNA integrity (p < 0.0001) were detected following 2 h of ejaculatory abstinence. On the other hand, significantly higher ROS levels (p < 0.001), protein oxidation (p < 0.001), and lipid peroxidation (p < 0.01) accompanied by significantly higher concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (p < 0.05), interleukin-6 (p < 0.01), and interferon gamma (p < 0.05) were observed in specimens collected after two days of abstinence. It may be summarized that shorter ejaculatory abstinence does not compromise sperm quality in normozoospermic men, while it contributes to a decreased occurrence of bacteria in semen which is accompanied by a lower probability of damage to spermatozoa by ROS or pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tvrdá
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-37-641-4918
| | - Michal Ďuračka
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Filip Benko
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Anton Kováčik
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Lovíšek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská Dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eliška Gálová
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská Dolina, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Žiarovská
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marianna Schwarzová
- Department of Fruit Science, Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Department of Fruit Science, Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 1, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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15
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Yu X, Zhang S, Zhang XY, Wang Q. Sperm quality impairment in males of couples with pregnancy loss is correlated with sexual dysfunction: a cross-sectional study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:11. [PMID: 36709287 PMCID: PMC9883875 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erectile dysfunction is a common problem in males of couples experiencing pregnancy loss. Erectile dysfunction in males with couple infertile has been extensively investigated and found to be closely linked with semen quality impairment and psychological distress, but it is less clear if this relation exists in males of couples experiencing pregnancy loss. METHOD A cross-sectional analysis of 437 men who attended our outpatient clinic between June 2021 and October 2021 for couple pregnancy loss. All subjects underwent a complete physical examination, palpation, inspection of the male genitalia, and semen analysis. Validated assessment tools for erectile dysfunction (the International Index of Sexual Function5 -IIEF-5) and anxiety (the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale- GAD-7) were used. RESULTS Among 437 men of couples with pregnancy loss, we found several relevant sperm parameters confirmed a significant correlation between IIEF-5 scores and sperm parameters, including: sperm progressive motility (r = 0.1627, p = 0.001), sperm normal morphology (r = 0.1373, p = 0.004) and sperm DNA fragmentation (r =-0.1248, p = 0.009). Males with an IIEF-5 scores range between 5-11 presented the worst results in terms of sperm progressive motility (p = 0.002), normal morphology (p = 0.001), and SDF levels (p = 0.003). GAD-7 score, as well as anxiety level, was significantly higher in those males with an IIEF-5 score between 5 and 11 (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION Although current evidence does not demonstrate the importance of spermatozoa in the etiology of pregnancy loss, significant correlations have been observed between impaired sperm quality and low IIEF-5 scores. Also, anxiety is more likely to occur in males with sexual dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Yu
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
| | - Songling Zhang
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
| | - Xiao Yuan Zhang
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
| | - Qun Wang
- grid.430605.40000 0004 1758 4110Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China
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16
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Yu X, Zhang X, Wang Q. Sexual dysfunction is more common among men who have high sperm DNA fragmentation or teratozoopermia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22427. [PMID: 36575203 PMCID: PMC9794705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Men in couples that have experienced pregnancy loss have a higher risk of sexual dysfunction. Semen quality impairment is common in men of couples with pregnancy loss. The objective of this article is to evaluate the differences in the incidence of male sexual dysfunction in a cohort of pregnancy loss couples with different types of semen quality impairment. A cross-sectional analysis of 426 men who attended our outpatient clinic for couples' pregnancy loss, those without genetic abnormalities were included in the final analysis covering June 2021 to October 2021. The patients were divided into 5 groups according to type of semen quality impairment: normozoospermia group (group normal; N = 161), high sperm DNA fragmentation group (group high-SDF; N = 87), isolated asthenozoospermia group (group iAstheno; N = 45), isolated teratozoopermia group (group iTerato; N = 44), and ≥ 2 abnormal sperm parameters group (group multiple; N = 89). All subjects underwent a complete physical inspection, including palpation of the male genitalia and semen analysis. Validated assessment tools for erectile dysfunction (the International Index of Erectile Function -IIEF-5) and anxiety (the seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale- GAD-7) were also used. Men with high sperm DNA fragmentation and isolated teratozoopermia were associated with increased erectile dysfunction risk when compared with normozoospermic men, with an OR of 2.75 [1.49-5.09; p = 0.001] and 2.44 [1.22-5.31; p = 0.024], respectively. It is interesting to note that there was no difference in prevalence of erectile dysfunction between Group iAstheno and Group normal (20.0% vs. 18.0%; OR = 1.24 [0.52-2.97]; P = 0.625). More than half (50.6%) of the participants in Group high-SDF reported sexual intercourse less than once per week, much more than those in the normozoospermia group (23.2%, p < 0.05), followed by Group iTerato (44.4%) and Group multiple (46.1%). GAD-7 scores increased slightly but significantly among groups when compared with Group normal. Not surprisingly, GAD-7 scores remained higher in Group high-SDF. In males of pregnancy loss couples, men with high sperm DNA fragmentation and teratozoopermia suffer from a higher incidence of erectile dysfunction. This phenomenon is not significant in men with isolated asthenozoospermia. Proper counseling and treatment of impaired semen quality are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - XiaoYuan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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17
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Montes-Garrido R, Riesco MF, Anel-Lopez L, Neila-Montero M, Palacin-Martinez C, Boixo JC, de Paz P, Ortega-Ferrusola C, Hassan MAA, Anel L, Alvarez M. Application of ultrasound technique to evaluate the testicular function and its correlation to the sperm quality after different collection frequency in rams. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1035036. [PMID: 36504850 PMCID: PMC9732105 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1035036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency of semen collection is a crucial factor to consider in the rams performance inside breeding centers workout. To evaluate this factor, ram Breeding Soundness Evaluation could include sperm quality evaluation and new predictive and non-invasive tools such as ultrasound technique. In this work, an advanced ultrasonography technology, analyzing the testicular volume, echotexture, and vascular function, was used in three different frequencies of semen collection (abstinence frequency, AF; standard frequency, SF; and intensive frequency, IF). Semen samples were cooled (15°C, 6 h) and evaluated in terms of production, motility, viability, apoptosis, and content of reactive oxygen species. Correlation coefficients were calculated between ultrasonography measurements of echotexture and blood flow and sperm quality parameters. Our results showed an increase in the testicular echotexture when the frequency of semen collection was intensified. Doppler parameters (PSV, RI, PI, TABF) increased (P ≤ 0.05) when the frequency of semen collection was intensified. The sperm motility and functionality decreased in the samples of IF (P ≤ 0.05), evidencing the frequency of semen collection's influence. Moreover, moderate positive correlations were established among echotexture and different Doppler parameters with motility parameters in SF. Furthermore, the influence of abstinence days on AI success was analyzed in a field assay. The highest fertility rates were obtained when males had two to five abstinence days. To conclude, frequency of semen collection could be influenced in terms of semen quantity and sperm quality, showing changes in parenchyma echotexture and testicular vascularization. The standard semen collection frequency was the most adequate option. In addition, ultrasonography may be a predictive tool for estimating variations in the sperm quality of donor rams subjected to different frequencies of semen collection in reproduction centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Montes-Garrido
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Marta F. Riesco
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Celular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel-Lopez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain,*Correspondence: Luis Anel-Lopez
| | - Marta Neila-Montero
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Cristina Palacin-Martinez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Boixo
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Paulino de Paz
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Celular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Cristina Ortega-Ferrusola
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mohamed A. A. Hassan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Luis Anel
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alvarez
- Investigación en Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida – Universidad de León, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, University of León, León, Spain,Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, León, Spain
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18
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Akhigbe RE, Hamed MA, Dutta S, Sengupta P. Influence of ejaculatory abstinence period on semen quality of 5165 normozoospermic and oligozoospermic Nigerian men: A retrospective study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e722. [PMID: 36032514 PMCID: PMC9405489 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several studies have shown that the length of ejaculatory abstinence alters sperm quality. However, the available data are conflicting and none seems to exist in a Nigerian population. The present study aims to compare the semen quality in normozoospermic and oligozoospermic semen samples of a homogenous Nigerian population, following varying ejaculatory abstinence days (EAD); less than 2, 2-3, and 3-7 days. METHODS The present retrospective study included 5165 semen samples collected over 5 years, from April 2015 to April 2020. RESULTS In normozoospermic samples, sperm count and total sperm count were significantly higher in prolonged EAD. In oligozoospermic patients, semen volume significantly increased with prolonged EAD, while sperm count, total sperm count, and progressive motility were significantly reduced with prolonged EAD. In addition, EAD and sperm volume positively correlated in oligozoospermic patients. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that EAD affects sperm quality in both normozoospermic and oligozoospermic men with varying impacts. Prolonged EAD increased sperm count and total sperm count in normozoospermic patients, while EAD increased semen volume but reduced sperm count, total sperm count, and progressive motility in oligozoospermic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland E. Akhigbe
- Department of PhysiologyLadoke Akintola University of TechnologyOgbomosoOyo StateNigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research LaboratoriesOasis of Grace HospitalOsogboOsun StateNigeria
| | - Moses A. Hamed
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research LaboratoriesOasis of Grace HospitalOsogboOsun StateNigeria
- Brainwill LaboratoriesOsogboOsun StateNigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Helath SciencesAfe Babalola UniversityAdo EkitiEkiti StateNigeria
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of DentistryMAHSA UniversityJenjaromSelangorMalaysia
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicin, Bioscience and NursingMAHSA UniversityJenjaromSelangorMalaysia
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19
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Liu K, Meng T, Chen Q, Hou G, Wang X, Hu S, Gu X, Li H, Li Y, Xiong C, Cao J. Diurnal rhythm of human semen quality: analysis of large-scale human sperm bank data and timing-controlled laboratory study. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1727-1738. [PMID: 35690928 PMCID: PMC9340113 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can we identify diurnal oscillations in human semen parameters as well as peak times of semen quality? SUMMARY ANSWER Human semen parameters show substantial diurnal oscillation, with most parameters reaching a peak between 1100 and 1500 h. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY A circadian clock appears to regulate different physiological functions in various organs, but it remains controversial whether diurnal rhythms occur in human semen parameters. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The medical record of a provincial human sperm bank (HSB) with 33 430 semen samples collected between 0800 and 1700 h from 1 March 2010 to 8 July 2015 was used to analyze variation in semen parameters among time points. A laboratory study was conducted to collect semen samples (n = 36) from six volunteers at six time points with identical time intervals (2 days plus 4 h) between 6 June and 8 July in 2019, in order to investigate the diurnal oscillation of semen parameters in vivo, with a strictly controlled abstinence period. Therefore, the sperm bank study with a large sample size and the in vivo study with a strictly controlled abstinence period in a 24-h time window could be compared to describe the diurnal rhythms in human semen parameters. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Samples were obtained from potential HSB donors and from participants in the laboratory study who were volunteers, recruited by flyers distributed in the community. Total sperm count, sperm concentration, semen volume, progressive motility and total motility were assessed using computer-aided sperm analysis. In addition, sperm chromatin integrity parameters (DNA fragmentation index and high DNA stainability) were assessed by the sperm chromatin structure assay, and sperm viability was measured with flow cytometry in the laboratory study. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The 33 430 samples from the HSB showed a temporal variation in total sperm count, sperm concentration, semen volume, progressive motility and total motility (all P < 0.001) between 0800 and 1700 h. Consequently, the eligibility of semen samples for use in ART, based on bank standards, fluctuated with time point. Each hour earlier/later than 1100 h was associated with 1.14-fold risk of ineligibility. Similarly, the 36 samples taken during the 24-h time window showed diurnal oscillation. With the pre-collection abstinence period strictly controlled, most semen parameters reached the most favorable level between 1100 and 1500 h. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Some of the possible confounding factors, such as energy intake, which might influence semen quality or diurnal rhythms, were not adjusted for in the analyses. In addition, the findings should be considered with caution because the study was conducted in a specific population, time and place, while the timing of oscillations could differ with changing conditions. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The findings could help us to estimate semen quality more precisely and to obtain higher quality sperm for use in ART and in natural conception. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81871208) and National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC1002001). There are no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianqing Meng
- Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guizhong Hou
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute for Vaccine Clinical Research, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Siheng Hu
- Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuli Gu
- Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Honggang Li
- Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuyan Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chengliang Xiong
- Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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20
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Meitei HY, Uppangala S, Lakshmi RV, Guddattu V, Hegde P, Kumar P, Adiga P, Kalthur G, Schlatt S, Adiga SK. Sperm characteristics in normal and abnormal ejaculates are differently influenced by length of ejaculatory abstinence. Andrology 2022; 10:1351-1360. [PMID: 35776678 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No association between the length of ejaculatory abstinence (LEA) and semen characteristics has been confirmed. A short LEA has been linked to improved sperm characteristics and a higher pregnancy rate, but its negative influence on sperm chromatin maturity and longevity may adversely affect reproductive outcomes. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the influence of LEA on: (i) semen parameters in normozoospermic and abnormal ejaculates; and (ii) the outcomes of sperm-preparation methods in a large number of sub-fertile men undergoing infertility workups. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective registry-based cohort study analyzed the data of 10,674 ejaculates from 7,972 sub-fertile men, who were then segregated into normozoospermic, oligozoospermic, asthenozoospermic, and oligo-asthenozoospermic cohorts. Variations in semen characteristics and post-wash outcomes were studied between 4 LEA intervals across 0-15 days. RESULTS An age-adjusted analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model linked significant increases in ejaculate volume, sperm concentration (except in the oligozoospermic cohort), and total sperm number to an increased LEA (p < 0.05). LEA was negatively associated with motility (except in the asthenozoospermic cohort) and vitality (p < 0.05). Large-headed spermatozoa were less common with an increased LEA only in the oligoasthenozoopermic cohort (p < 0.05). In the normozoospermic cohort, a longer LEA led to fewer sperm with amorphous heads but more sperm with tapered heads and cytoplasmic droplets (p < 0.05). LEA extension resulted in greater sperm DNA fragmentation in the abnormal cohort (p < 0.01). The post-wash sperm concentration and total motile sperm count were significantly improved with a longer LEA in the normozoopsermic cohort (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Considering the findings in this study and existing literature, a generalized recommendation for long LEA has no clinical value. The LEA should be individualized based on the ejaculate profile and the need for specific clinical intervention. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidrom Yaiphaba Meitei
- Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Shubhashree Uppangala
- Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - R Vani Lakshmi
- Department of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public health, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Vasudeva Guddattu
- Department of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public health, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Padmaraj Hegde
- Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Pratap Kumar
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Prashanth Adiga
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Stefan Schlatt
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology (CeRA), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Satish Kumar Adiga
- Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
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21
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Palacin-Martinez C, Alvarez M, Montes-Garrido R, Neila-Montero M, Anel-Lopez L, de Paz P, Anel L, Riesco MF. Frequency of Semen Collection Affects Ram Sperm Cryoresistance. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121492. [PMID: 35739829 PMCID: PMC9219472 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement of frozen-thawed sperm quality has been mostly approached from the view of cryopreservation protocol optimization in terms of cryoprotectant solutions, freezing-thawing rates and antioxidant supplementation, while the impact of sperm collection frequency remains unknown in rams. In this work, a multiparametric study was carried out in cooled and frozen-thawed semen to evaluate sperm quality after different semen collection frequencies during a month: zero sperm collection (0 CW), four sperm collections per week (4 CW), and ten sperm collections per week (10 CW). Traditional analyses have been applied, in combination with novel technologies related to redox balance. Frozen-thawed semen quality showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in 0 CW and 10 CW in comparison to 4 CW, concerning motility and kinetics parameters. However, apoptosis showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in 10 CW in comparison to 0 CW and 4 CW. The employment methods related to redox balance provided us with the definitive probe to ensure the influence of collection frequency on balance redox after thawing. Specifically, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in 10 CW compared to 0 CW and 4 CW. The characterization of alternative strategies to sperm cryopreservation based on consideration of male sexual regimes, could improve the quality of frozen-thawed sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Palacin-Martinez
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alvarez
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Rafael Montes-Garrido
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Marta Neila-Montero
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel-Lopez
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Paulino de Paz
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Luis Anel
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anatomy, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Marta F Riesco
- Assisted Reproduction Techniques Research Group (Itra-ULE), INDEGSAL, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
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22
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Moncada López JS, Puerta Suárez J, Cardona Maya WD. Overweight and obesity: The allies of prostate inflammation. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2022; 94:126-128. [PMID: 35352539 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2022.1.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To the Editor, World Health Organization (WHO) defines infertility as the inability of a sexually active partner to achieve a clinically confirmed pregnancy after at least one year of intercourse without contraceptive protection on fertile days. As women are primarily responsible for the conception, childbirth, and postpartum, fertility problems have been related to fertile female capacity. However, men play an essential role, being responsible for about 50% of alterations in fertility due to dysfunctions in the male reproductive tract, including varicocele, hypogonadism, poorly descended testicles, testicular tumors, and even anti-sperm autoantibodies [...].
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23
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Dong YQ, Chen CQ, Huang YQ, Liu D, Zhang XQ, Liu FH. In vitro maturation of human oocytes maintaining good development potential for rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection with fresh sperm. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:2166-2173. [PMID: 35321156 PMCID: PMC8895176 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i7.2166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcomes of the use of commercial in vitro maturation (IVM) medium to culture immature oocytes obtained from conventional ovulation induction, followed by rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection (RICSI), are not ideal. It is thus difficult to widely adopt this approach in clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to explore methods for improving the clinical outcome of IVM.
AIM To study the effect of sperm on the developmental potential of in vitro-matured oocytes in conventional culture.
METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients whose immature oocytes were harvested from conventional oocyte stimulation cycles and underwent ICSI at our hospital between June 2018 and August 2020. RICSI was performed using sperm collected on the day of oocyte harvest (old) and sperm collected on the day of RICSI (fresh) and oocytes matured in vitro after 24 h of culture in conventional medium. The rates of in vitro oocyte maturation, normal fertilization, normal cleavage, day-3 top-quality embryos, and useful blastocyst formation were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS In total, 102 germinal vesicle (GV)-stage immature oocytes were cultured in the old sperm group. In the fresh sperm group, 122 GV-stage immature oocytes were collected and cultured in vitro for 24 h. There were no significant differences in the general conditions of males and females between the two groups (P > 0.05). The oocyte maturation, normal fertilization, and normal cleavage rates of the old and fresh groups were 51.0% vs 55.7%, 61.5% vs 64.7%, and 93.8% vs 93.2%, respectively. None of the rates differed significantly (P > 0.05) between the two groups. However, the day-3 top-quality embryo and useful blastocyst rates of the old and fresh sperm groups were 16.6% vs 63.4%; 6.67% vs 34.6%, respectively. The day-3 top-quality embryos and useful blastocyst rates of the old sperm group were significantly lower than those of the fresh group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION In vitro maturation with conventional culture medium combined with the use of fresh sperm collected on the day of RICSI is an easy-to-implement strategy for patients whose oocytes are completely or mostly immature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qiao Dong
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chuang-Qi Chen
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Huang
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dun Liu
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi-Qian Zhang
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Feng-Hua Liu
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China
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24
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de Nie I, Asseler J, Meißner A, Voorn-de Warem IAC, Kostelijk EH, den Heijer M, Huirne J, van Mello NM. A cohort study on factors impairing semen quality in transgender women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 226:390.e1-390.e10. [PMID: 34688596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgender women (people assigned male genders at birth with female gender identities) can choose to cryopreserve semen before their medical transition, to retain the possibility to parent genetically related offspring later in life. Our previous retrospective study showed that semen quality in transgender women was decreased compared with the general population. The etiology of this impaired semen quality remains largely unknown. However, impaired semen quality might be related to habitual behavior more typically observed in transgender women, for example, the desire to hide their testicles because of genital dysphoria. Therefore, we decided to conduct a consecutive study with prospectively obtained data on behavior and lifestyle in transgender women. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to study the influence of a low ejaculation frequency, wearing tight undergarments, and bringing the testes in the inguinal position (tucking) on semen quality in transgender women at the time of fertility preservation. STUDY DESIGN In this cohort study, transgender women were included between May 2018 and September 2020, at the time of fertility counseling, before the start of hormonal treatment. Data were collected on demographics, lifestyle factors, medical history, endocrine laboratory results, and semen parameters. Semen parameters were categorized using reference values for human semen of the World Health Organization and compared with semen quality in the general population. The odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the impact of tucking, wearing tight undergarments, and a low ejaculation frequency on semen quality, correcting for potential confounders. RESULTS Overall, 113 transgender women were included. Median semen parameters were significantly decreased than the general population. Crude logistic regression analyses showed an association between always wearing tight undergarments (odds ratio, 3.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-8.49) and extensive tucking (odds ratio, 6.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.54-24.01) on having a total motile sperm count of <5 million. Multivariable analyses showed that the association with tucking was independent of demographic factors, lifestyle factors, and medical history (odds ratio, 7.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.66-37.99). However, this was not the case for the association with always wearing tight undergarments (odds ratio, 2.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.95-8.82). Ejaculation frequency did not influence total motile sperm count. CONCLUSION Behavioral factors, including wearing tight undergarments and extensive tucking, may contribute to the lower semen quality in transgender women. These results will enable optimization of fertility counseling on how to adjust lifestyle before pursuing semen cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris de Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Joyce Asseler
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Meißner
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilona A C Voorn-de Warem
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Hanna Kostelijk
- IVF Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin den Heijer
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Huirne
- Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Norah M van Mello
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Reproduction & Development Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Ayad B, Omolaoye TS, Louw N, Ramsunder Y, Skosana BT, Oyeipo PI, Du Plessis SS. Oxidative Stress and Male Infertility: Evidence From a Research Perspective. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2022; 4:822257. [PMID: 36303652 PMCID: PMC9580735 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2022.822257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Male fertility potential can be influenced by a variety of conditions that frequently coincide. Spermatozoa are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage due to their limited antioxidant capacity and cell membrane rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The role of oxidative stress (OS) in the etiology of male infertility has been the primary focus of our Stellenbosch University Reproductive Research Group (SURRG) over the last 10 years. This review aims to provide a novel insight into the impact of OS on spermatozoa and male reproductive function by reviewing the OS-related findings from a wide variety of studies conducted in our laboratory, along with those emerging from other investigators. We will provide a concise overview of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the development of OS in the male reproductive tract along with the physiological and pathological effects thereof on male reproductive functions. Recent advances in methods and techniques used for the assessment of OS will also be highlighted. We will furthermore consider the current evidence regarding the association between OS and ejaculatory abstinence period, as well as the potential mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of various systemic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and certain mental health disorders which have been shown to cause OS induced male infertility. Finally, special emphasis will be placed on the potential for transferring and incorporating research findings emanating from different experimental studies into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ayad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Misurata University, Misrata, Libya
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Temidayo S. Omolaoye
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nicola Louw
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Yashthi Ramsunder
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Bongekile T. Skosana
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Peter I. Oyeipo
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Stefan S. Du Plessis
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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26
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Long S, Kenworthy S. Round Cells in Diagnostic Semen Analysis: A Guide for Laboratories and Clinicians. Br J Biomed Sci 2022; 79:10129. [PMID: 35996519 PMCID: PMC8915675 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2021.10129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Round cells in seminal fluid are defined as either leucocytes or immature germ cells. Laboratories undertaking semen analysis often report these combined as a concentration, with no further review, comment or direction for clinician action or review. Although numerous publications discuss the possible clinical relevance of these cells (particularly leucocytes) in infertility, the methods employed to differentiate them are often beyond the scope of most diagnostic laboratories. This paper aims to support healthcare scientists in understanding the clinical significance of round cells and aid their identification, differentiation and interpretation. This will support the quality of care the patient receives and direct clinicians to further considerations that may be appropriate for their patient and should consequently reduce indiscriminate and unnecessary use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Long
- University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: S. Long,
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27
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Gutiérrez JAB, Cardona Maya WD. In Silico Analysis of Sperm From Ejaculates with Different Semen Characteristics. J Reprod Infertil 2021; 22:210-215. [PMID: 34900641 PMCID: PMC8607880 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v22i3.6721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Male infertility is associated with altered characteristics of the sperm within the ejaculate. It is possible to find molecular explanations for the observed phenotypes and their consequences. This study aimed to analyze, using a specialized software, a gene set of transcriptomic data from different types of ejaculates. Methods: Data from ejaculate samples categorized as normal, oligospermia, and teratozoospermia were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). After normalization, the data average for each sample category was calculated and analyzed independently using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Results: Five important canonical pathways are involved in normal and altered semen samples (Oligospermia and teratozoospermia) except sirtuin signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways. The five most important biological processes are identified in all semen phenotypes, but the only difference is the genes connected with initiation of RNA transcription in oligospermic and asthenospermic samples. Conclusion: Surprisingly, different types of ejaculates share many pathways and biological processes; sperm proteomics as a new global approach gives clues for the development of strategies to explain the reason for observed phenotypes of ejaculated spermatozoa, their possible effect on fertility, and for implementing research strategies in the context of infertility diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alfredo Berdugo Gutiérrez
- - Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Medical School, University of Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Walter D Cardona Maya
- - Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Medical School, University of Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia
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Morales Velásquez M, Velásquez Rivera V, Cardona Maya WD. The Effect of Glyphosate on Human Sperm: In Vitro Approximation. Rev Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Glyphosate is an herbicide used to eradicate illicit crops; however, its use is controversial due to different health problems associated with it. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of glyphosate on human sperm in vitro.
Methods Twenty-two semen samples from healthy normozoospermic men were included; 11 semen samples were incubated with Panzer (INVESA S.A., Antiquia, Colombia) and 11 with Roundup (Monsanto Company, MO, USA). The changes in motility and viability were observed. Functional seminal parameters were evaluated as well.
Results The samples exposed to glyphosate showed less motility and viability; a decrease in the potential of the mitochondrial membrane was observed, and an increase in the lipoperoxidation of the membrane was evidenced.
Conclusion Based on the present results, we concluded that glyphosate has cytotoxic potential for exposed people and may affect their fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Morales Velásquez
- Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Valentina Velásquez Rivera
- Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Walter D. Cardona Maya
- Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Sokol P, Drakopoulos P, Polyzos NP. The Effect of Ejaculatory Abstinence Interval on Sperm Parameters and Clinical Outcome of ART. A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3213. [PMID: 34361997 PMCID: PMC8347289 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the publication of the first edition of the WHO (World Health Organization) Laboratory Manual for the examination of Human Semen in 1980, the reference values of sperm parameters have been updated on four occasions. Currently and globally, most of the laboratories analyzing semen samples use the latest, 5th edition of the manual that recommends ejaculatory abstinence from two to seven days before producing the sample for examination. While this standardized interval of time facilitates the interpretation of the results and research, no solid evidence exists to support the WHO-recommended abstinence time for a semen analysis in order to optimize clinical outcomes after assisted reproduction. Most of the studies refer to different clinical outcomes, different groups of patients and different editions of the WHO Laboratory Manual, including heterogeneous intervals of abstinence or sperm parameters. The aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate available evidence correlating ejaculatory abstinence time with clinical outcomes and sperm parameters analyzed according to the last edition of the World Health Organization Laboratory Manual reference values in different male populations. The results from the included studies indicate that WHO abstinence recommendations may need revision, given that a shorter ejaculatory abstinence interval appears to be associated with improved sperm parameters, such as sperm DNA fragmentation, progressive motility or morphology, while evidence suggests a potential increase in embryo euploidy rates and pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Sokol
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Dexeus University Hospital, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Panagiotis Drakopoulos
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium;
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nikolaos P. Polyzos
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Dexeus University Hospital, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent (UZ Gent), 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Gupta S, Singh VJ, Fauzdar A, Prasad K, Srivastava A, Sharma K. Short Ejaculatory Abstinence in Normozoospermic Men is Associated with Higher Clinical Pregnancy Rates in Sub-fertile Couples Undergoing Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Retrospective Analysis of 1691 Cycles. J Hum Reprod Sci 2021; 14:273-280. [PMID: 34759617 PMCID: PMC8527074 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_235_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current WHO abstinence recommendations are ideal only for clinical diagnosis, as in recent years a negative correlation of abstinence duration with good embryo development and clinical pregnancy rate has been seen. AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of variation in abstinence period on fertilization, embryo development potential, pregnancy, and miscarriage rate in sub-fertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. SETTING AND DESIGN A prospective analysis was conducted at a tertiary (level 3) infertility care clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included analysis of 1691 cycles for the patient undergoing ART procedures between September 2017 and August 2019. The influence of ejaculatory abstinence (EA) was investigated based on variation in abstinence length with four groups: Group I - 1 day; Group II - 2-5 days; Group III - 6-7 days; and Group IV - EA length of ≥8 days. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Analysis of variance and Chi-square test were used to calculate P value. RESULTS In our primary outcome, we have seen a strong positive correlation of abstinence duration with semen volume, total sperm count, total motile count, and difference between each group was significant. Secondary outcomes showed a significantly higher implantation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate was observed in Group I (1 day) per embryo transfer as compared to longer abstinence groups. This resulted in significantly higher clinical pregnancy rates in Group I 30.0% vs. 25.4% in comparison to longer abstinence groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown duration of abstinence is negatively correlated with positive β-human chorionic gonadotropin rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and implantation rate. Lower miscarriage rate was also observed with shorter abstinence duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Gupta
- Reproductive Medicine and IVF, Medicover Healthcare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikram J Singh
- Reproductive Medicine and IVF, Medicover Healthcare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Fauzdar
- Reproductive Medicine and IVF, Medicover Healthcare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamta Prasad
- Reproductive Medicine and IVF, Medicover Healthcare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Srivastava
- Reproductive Medicine and IVF, Medicover Healthcare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamlesh Sharma
- Reproductive Medicine and IVF, Medicover Healthcare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
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Gurunath S, Gundlapalli S, Louis J. The Use of Pooled Consecutive Ejaculates in Moderate Male Factor Infertility to Increase Intrauterine Insemination Success. J Hum Reprod Sci 2021; 14:149-155. [PMID: 34316230 PMCID: PMC8279056 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_27_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Male factor is a predominant cause of infertility. Success rates of intrauterine insemination(IUI) for male factor depend upon minimum semen parameters such as progressive motility > 30%, strict morphology > 4%, total motile count in the native sample (TMSC) >5 million and inseminating motile count (IMC) > 5 million. Couples with parameters lesser than these are usually advised IVF-ICSI. In developing countries, affordability for IVF is an important deterrent to its widespread utilisation. Aims: To evaluate pregnancy rates after the use of a pooled consecutive ejaculate in infertile men with semen parameters of < 5 million TMSC, and to compare with pregnancy rates achieved among couples with semen parameters > 5 million TMSC after processing of a single ejaculate. Settings and Design: Private infertility practice. Retrospective study from Oct 2012 to June 2019. Methods and Materials: All consecutive patients (n=1979) who underwent IUI in the given study period were included. Patients undergoing donor sperm insemination and low IMC (<1 mill) were excluded from the study. The study group (n=128) included patients in whom the total motile sperm count (TMSC) of the native sample was < 5 million. The control group (n=1851) included patients with normal semen parameters. All participants of the study group with TMSC < 5 million were asked to give a second ejaculate within an hour or two of producing the first. The pooled consecutive ejaculates were used for sample processing and insemination. The primary outcome measure was clinical pregnancy rate. The secondary outcome measures were semen quality of the second ejaculate, TMSC and IMC of both groups. Statistical Analysis: Quantitative parameters were compared using Independent sample t-test and Mann Whitney u test. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association between the explanatory variables and outcome variable. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 6.47% (128/1979) of men were required to give a consecutive ejaculate. The initial ejaculate had significantly higher volume (2ml vs 1 ml; P < 0.001); but lower concentration (8 million/ml vs 19 million/ml; P <0.001) and lower progressive motility (25% vs 35%; P <0.001) in comparison with the second. The final IMC of the pooled ejaculate was 9.01 million vs 21.6 million in the control group (P<0.001). The clinical pregnancy rate was comparable between the control group and the consecutive ejaculate group (15.4% vs 15.63%; P =0.94). Conclusion: Consecutive semen samples produced immediately after the first have significantly lower volume but higher sperm count and progressive motility. In couples with moderate male factor infertility with semen parameters inadequate for IUI, pooled consecutive ejaculates yield higher inseminating motile counts which enhance IUI success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumana Gurunath
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Cloudnine Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Swathi Gundlapalli
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Cloudnine Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - John Louis
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Cloudnine Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Dahan MH, Mills G, Khoudja R, Gagnon A, Tan G, Tan SL. Three hour abstinence as a treatment for high sperm DNA fragmentation: a prospective cohort study. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:227-233. [PMID: 33179134 PMCID: PMC7822978 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01999-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to compare sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) in semen specimens after 3 days and then after 3 h of abstinence in men presenting for initial infertility evaluation. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 112 men undergoing their first semen analysis as part of an infertility work-up was conducted. All participants presented with 3 days of abstinence for a semen analysis and DNA-fragmentation test. Both tests were repeated on a second sample collected 3 h after the first ejaculation. DNA-fragmentation was evaluated with the halo test by one of two technicians blinded to duration of abstinence. Variables analyzed include ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and motility, smoking status, cannabis use, initial specimen DNA fragmentation, and use of sperm-directed anti-oxidant formulations. RESULTS Among all subjects, DNA fragmentation improved in the 3-h abstinence specimen (34.6 ± 19.4% vs. 23.7 ± 16.0%, p = 0.0001). Among subjects with high DNA fragmentation (> 35%) on the initial specimen, 55% improved into the normal range. Semen volume and sperm concentration decreased (3.1 ± 3.3 ml vs. 1.9 ± 0.8 ml, p < 0.01 and 41 ± 39 vs. 32 ± 31 (millions/ml), p = 0.01), while progressive motility tended to increase. Fifty-eight subjects demonstrated ≥ 30% improvement in SDF in the second specimen as compared to the first. Factors found to correlate with > 30% improvement in DNA fragmentation in the 3-h abstinence specimen compared to 3 days were younger age and use of anti-oxidants. CONCLUSION High SDF can often be managed with a second ejaculation 3 h after the first in infertile couples, including in males with abnormal semen analyses per the 2010 WHO guide. Apart from SDF levels, changes in sperm quality were not clinically significant in the second specimen and did not increase rates of ICSI. However, a second ejaculation after 3 h probably may reduce the necessity of costly and/or invasive ART strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Dahan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MUHC Reproductive Center, McGill University, 888, Blvd. de Maisonneuve East, Suite 200, Montreal, QC, H2L 4S8, Canada.
- OriginElle fertility Clinic, 2110 Boul. Decarie, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | | | - Rabea Khoudja
- OriginElle fertility Clinic, 2110 Boul. Decarie, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Abbie Gagnon
- OriginElle fertility Clinic, 2110 Boul. Decarie, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Grace Tan
- OriginElle fertility Clinic, 2110 Boul. Decarie, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Seang Lin Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- OriginElle fertility Clinic, 2110 Boul. Decarie, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Okada FK, Andretta RR, Spaine DM. One day is better than four days of ejaculatory abstinence for sperm function. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2020; 1:1-10. [PMID: 35128419 PMCID: PMC8812405 DOI: 10.1530/raf-20-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization guidelines, ejaculatory abstinence (EA) of 2–7 days is recommended for semen analysis. This study aimed to determine how seminal quality may be affected by two EA periods from the same man. Seminal samples from 65 men were evaluated by conventional semen analysis and qualitative characteristics after 1 and 4 days of EA (two samples/man). The semen was qualitatively analyzed by examining oxidative activity (intracellular and seminal plasma), sperm function (acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, and nuclear DNA integrity), and epididymal function. As expected, samples collected after 1 day of EA showed a decrease in volume and sperm total number compared to samples collected after 4 days of EA. The sperm motility of the samples collected after 1 day of EA was better compared to samples collected after 4 days of EA. Oxidative activity measured was lower after 1 day of EA compared with those measured after 4 days of EA. With regards to sperm function, samples collected after 1 day of EA showed an increase in acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, and nuclear DNA integrity compared with samples collected after 4 days of EA. Epididymal function showed no difference between the two-time points. Although samples collected after 4 days of EA showed better results for sperm quantity, samples collected after 1 day of EA showed better qualitative results, including motility, oxidative activity, and sperm function. Thus, it can be concluded that sperm storage at the epididymal tail may make spermatozoa more susceptible to oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Kazue Okada
- Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Borges Lagoa, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rhayza Roberta Andretta
- Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Borges Lagoa, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deborah Montagnini Spaine
- Human Reproduction Section, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, R. Borges Lagoa, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Baskaran S, Panner Selvam MK, Cho CL, Henkel R, Finelli R, Leisegang K, Sengupta P, Barbarosie C, Parekh N, Alves MG, Ko E, Arafa M, Tadros N, Ramasamy R, Kavoussi P, Ambar R, Kuchakulla M, Robert KA, Iovine C, Durairajanayagam D, Jindal S, Shah R. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A New Guideline for Clinicians. World J Mens Health 2020; 38:412-471. [PMID: 32777871 PMCID: PMC7502318 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA integrity is crucial for fertilization and development of healthy offspring. The spermatozoon undergoes extensive molecular remodeling of its nucleus during later phases of spermatogenesis, which imparts compaction and protects the genetic content. Testicular (defective maturation and abortive apoptosis) and post-testicular (oxidative stress) mechanisms are implicated in the etiology of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), which affects both natural and assisted reproduction. Several clinical and environmental factors are known to negatively impact sperm DNA integrity. An increasing number of reports emphasizes the direct relationship between sperm DNA damage and male infertility. Currently, several assays are available to assess sperm DNA damage, however, routine assessment of SDF in clinical practice is not recommended by professional organizations. This article provides an overview of SDF types, origin and comparative analysis of various SDF assays while primarily focusing on the clinical indications of SDF testing. Importantly, we report four clinical cases where SDF testing had played a significant role in improving fertility outcome. In light of these clinical case reports and recent scientific evidence, this review provides expert recommendations on SDF testing and examines the advantages and drawbacks of the clinical utility of SDF testing using Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Chak Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Catalina Barbarosie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Andrology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rafael Ambar
- Urology Department of Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Sunil Jindal
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Jindal Hospital, Meerut, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Effect of ejaculatory abstinence period on sperm DNA fragmentation and pregnancy outcome of intrauterine insemination cycles: A prospective randomized study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 303:269-278. [PMID: 32902676 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of the ejaculatory abstinence period on sperm DNA fragmentation and pregnancy rates in IUI cycles. METHODS One hundred and twenty couples with unexplained infertility were prospectively randomized into two groups on the second day of their cycle. In group A, patients had 1-day ejaculatory abstinence period; in group B patients had 3-day ejaculatory abstinence period. Each patient was stimulated with gonadotropins, and IUI was performed. The primary outcome measure was clinical pregnancy and sperm DNA fragmentation rate. RESULTS The pregnancy rate was 17.3% and 18.5% in group A and group B, respectively. No significant difference was found among the groups (p = 0.803). The sperm DNA fragmentation rate for group A (20.71 ± 11.01) and group B (23.78 ± 12.64) were almost similar (p = 0.187). The sperm DNA fragmentation rate was 24.89 ± 12.89 in pregnant couples and 21.71 ± 11.69 in non-pregnant couples (p = 0.288). CONCLUSION Even after a short abstinence period of 1 day, compared to the standard abstinence period of 3 days, pregnancy rates are similar among unexplained infertility couples undergoing ovarian stimulation and IUI. CLINICALTRIALS The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with ID NCT04361292. Date of registration: 27 April 2020. The study was registered retrospectively.
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Manna C, Barbagallo F, Manzo R, Rahman A, Francomano D, Calogero AE. Sperm Parameters before and after Swim-Up of a Second Ejaculate after a Short Period of Abstinence. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041029. [PMID: 32260592 PMCID: PMC7231087 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have supported the beneficial effects of a short abstinence period on sperm parameters. The aim of this study was to assess sperm motility, morphology and DNA fragmentation before and after swim-up of a second ejaculate obtained after a short abstinence period in normozoospermic men and oligo-astheno-teratozoospermic (OAT) patients. Material and methods: Semen analyses and swim-up preparations of two consecutive semen samples (collected within 1 h) were carried out in 30 normozoospermic and 35 OAT patients enrolled in an assisted reproductive technique (ART) program. Results: Compared to the first ejaculate, the second sample showed a higher percentage of spermatozoa with normal form (p < 0.01) and lower percentage of spermatozoa with DNA fragmentation (p < 0.01) in normozoospermic men, whereas a higher percentage of spermatozoa with progressive motility (p < 0.001) and normal morphology (p < 0.0001) was found in OAT patients. Swim-up separation showed a lower DNA fragmentation rate (p < 0.05) in the second ejaculate in normozoospermic men, whereas the second ejaculate of OAT patents showed an increase in normally-shaped spermatozoa (p < 0.01) and lower percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA (p < 0.001) compared to the first one. Conclusions: Swim-up separation of a second ejaculate collected within 1 h might be suggested for ART procedures, especially in OAT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Manna
- Biofertility IVF and Infertility Center, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (R.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Federica Barbagallo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Manzo
- Biofertility IVF and Infertility Center, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (R.M.); (A.R.)
- Altamedica ART Center, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Ashraf Rahman
- Biofertility IVF and Infertility Center, 00198 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (R.M.); (A.R.)
- Altamedica ART Center, 00198 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Francomano
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Madonna delle Grazie Hospital, Velletri, 75100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Aldo E. Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Chen HG, Sun B, Chen YJ, Chavarro JE, Hu SH, Xiong CL, Pan A, Meng TQ, Wang YX, Messerlian C. Sleep duration and quality in relation to semen quality in healthy men screened as potential sperm donors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 135:105368. [PMID: 31830732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are increasingly prevalent in modern society and may be associated with impaired semen quality, yet studies are inconclusive. OBJECTIVES To investigate the reproducibility of semen quality parameters among 842 healthy men screened as potential sperm donors and explore the associations of sleep duration and quality with repeated measures of semen quality parameters. METHODS We assessed sleep duration (night sleep and daytime napping) and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) among 842 healthy men screen as potential sperm donors. We examined sleep characteristics in relation to repeated measurements (n = 5601) of semen parameters using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS High degrees of within-individual variability were found for total and progressive sperm motility with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.20 and 0.22, respectively; while fair-to-good reproducibilities were observed for sperm volume, concentration, and total count (ICC = 0.54, 0.62, and 0.50, respectively). Compared to men with total sleep duration of 8.0-8.5 h/day (h/d), men who slept less than 6.0 h/d and higher than 9.0 h/d had lower sperm volume of 12% [95% confidence interval (CI): -22%, -0.68%] and 3.9% (95% CI: -7.3%, -0.44%), respectively. Compared to men with night sleep duration of 7.5-8.0 h/d, men who slept less than 6.0 h/d had lower total and progressive sperm motility of 4.4% (95 CI:-8.4%, -0.24%) and 5.0% (95% CI: -9.2%, -0.48%), respectively. Compared to men who reported good sleep quality (total PSQI score ≤5.0), those reporting poor sleep quality (total PSQI score >5.0) had lower total sperm count, total motility, and progressive motility of 8.0% (95% CI: -15%, -0.046%), 3.9% (95% CI: -6.2%, -1.5%), and 4.0% (95% CI: -6.5%, -1.4%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both long and short sleep duration and poor sleep quality were associated with impaired semen quality parameters. The high within-individual variability of total and progressive sperm motility suggests that a single measurement may result in a moderate degree of classification error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Gui Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ying-Jun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Si-Heng Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Cheng-Liang Xiong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Tian-Qing Meng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Dupesh S, Pandiyan N, Pandiyan R, Kartheeswaran J, Prakash B. Ejaculatory abstinence in semen analysis: does it make any sense? Ther Adv Reprod Health 2020; 14:2633494120906882. [PMID: 32596668 PMCID: PMC7297125 DOI: 10.1177/2633494120906882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The precise effect of ejaculatory abstinence on semen parameters is highly debatable, especially among subfertile men. Previous studies on effect of abstinence time on different semen parameters have reported controversial results. The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the variance of semen parameters with different periods of ejaculatory abstinence among both a population of normozoospermic (n = 1621) and oligozoospermic (n = 416) Tamil men, presenting to a fertility clinic for an infertility evaluation (N = 2037). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 2037 semen analysis reports involved grouping patients based on their ejaculatory abstinence, that is, <24 h, 1 to 2 days, 3 to 7 days, 8 to 15 days, 16 to 30 days, and >30 days. All semen parameters were assessed as per the World Health Organization (WHO, 2010) recommended guidelines. The unpaired two-tailed t-test and Welch's analysis of variance (ANOVA) combined with Games-Howell post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. A p value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULT A retrospective analysis of data (N = 2037) identified no statistically significant differences in semen parameters of sperm concentration, percentage of progressively motile sperm, and normal sperm morphology in both normozoospermic and oligozoospermic individuals across different groups of abstinence. Semen volume was the only parameter that showed a statistically significant difference in both groups (p < 0.0001). In both normozoospermic and oligozoospermic men, the group with <24 h abstinence had the highest mean percentage of progressively motile sperm and normal sperm morphology. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that ejaculatory abstinence may be highly arbitrary, and the recommendation of a strict 2- to 7-day abstinence per the WHO may be liberalized. In both normozoospermic and oligozoospermic men, semen parameters associated with an abstinence of <24 h were found to be noninferior as compared to longer ejaculatory abstinence intervals. These findings support in eliminating conservative recommendations as far as abstinence is concerned and suggest that patients may be asked to collect a semen sample on the day they present for an infertility evaluation, regardless of abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Dupesh
- VRR Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Madras, 1/7, MRB Avenue, Bhajanai Koil Street, Kattupakkam, Chennai 600056, India
| | - Natarajan Pandiyan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Radha Pandiyan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | | | - Bhaskar Prakash
- Department of Urology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Variación individual de los parámetros seminales en un programa de donación de semen. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gine.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Scarselli F, Cursio E, Muzzì S, Casciani V, Ruberti A, Gatti S, Greco P, Varricchio MT, Minasi MG, Greco E. How 1 h of abstinence improves sperm quality and increases embryo euploidy rate after PGT-A: a study on 106 sibling biopsied blastocysts. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1591-1597. [PMID: 31325068 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of different ejaculatory abstinence time frames (several days versus 1 h) on semen parameters, blastocysts ploidy rate, and clinical results in assisted reproduction cycles on sibling oocytes. METHODS This is a prospective study including 22 preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles performed between November 2015 and December 2018. Male partners with oligoastenoteratozoospermia produced two semen samples on the day of oocyte retrieval: the first one after several days of abstinence and the second, 1 h after the first one. Oocytes from each patient were divided into two groups: those in group 1 were injected with spermatozoa from the first ejaculate (N = 121) and oocytes in group 2 with spermatozoa from the second one (N = 144). Outcomes of aniline blue test, fertilization, blastocyst formation, ploidy rates, and clinical results were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Semen volume resulted lower in the second sperm retrieval. Sperm concentration, motility, and morphology were similar in the two groups. A total of 106 blasotcysts were biospied. Higher blastocyst euploidy rates resulted in group 2 (43.6%) than in group 1 (27.5%). A higher percentage of mature chromatine was observed in group 2. CONCLUSION Using spermatozoa from samples with a shorter abstinence could be a simple method to select higher quality spermatozoa, reducing aneuploidy rate in blastocysts. Prospective randomized controlled trials should be performed to confirm the potential advantage of using semen samples with short abstinence period to improve the outcome of assisted reproduction cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Scarselli
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Cursio
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Muzzì
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Casciani
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ruberti
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Gatti
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Greco
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Giulia Minasi
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | - Ermanno Greco
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149, Rome, Italy
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Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Parekh N, Henkel R. A Schematic Overview of the Current Status of Male Infertility Practice. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:308-322. [PMID: 31385475 PMCID: PMC7308239 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The practice of male infertility has dramatically evolved over the past few decades. This has been achieved after the realization of the important contribution the male counterpart holds in the couple's infertility. It is also supported by a number of breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of this medical condition. Several tests to investigate sperm quality and function were introduced along with refinements and/or institution of novel surgical techniques that can correct several causes of infertility. This manuscript is aimed at highlighting the current state of male infertility practice in a robust, schematic method addressing a broader audience involved in the treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation and Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Comparación de 2 métodos de selección espermática sobre la fragmentación del ADN y el potencial de membrana mitocondrial de los espermatozoides humanos: en busca del gameto de oro. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gine.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Borges E, Braga DPAF, Zanetti BF, Iaconelli A, Setti AS. Revisiting the impact of ejaculatory abstinence on semen quality and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes. Andrology 2018; 7:213-219. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Borges
- Fertility Medical Group Sao Paulo Brazil
- Sapientiae Institute Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - D. P. A. F. Braga
- Fertility Medical Group Sao Paulo Brazil
- Sapientiae Institute Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | - A. Iaconelli
- Fertility Medical Group Sao Paulo Brazil
- Sapientiae Institute Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - A. S. Setti
- Fertility Medical Group Sao Paulo Brazil
- Sapientiae Institute Sao Paulo Brazil
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Ragheb A, Ibrahim R, Elbatanouny A, Moussa A, Abdelbary A, Sayed O, Eladawy M, Shaker H, Hamdi S. Role of sequential semen samples in infertile men candidates for assisted reproduction: A prospective study. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.afju.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Puerta Suárez J, du Plessis SS, Cardona Maya WD. Spermatozoa: A Historical Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2018; 12:182-190. [PMID: 29935062 PMCID: PMC6018180 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The 100,000th scientific article on the subject of spermatozoa was recently published. Numerous studies evaluated the
characteristics of this important cell that led to tremendous discoveries. Since its first observation and description in
1677, many important characteristics have been described regarding this highly fascinating gamete. In this review,
we intend to provide a historical account of the numerous milestones and breakthroughs achieved related to sperma-
tozoa. We conducted a review of the literature by selecting the most important subjects with regards to spermatozoa.
Since their discovery by van Leeuwenhoek, spermatozoa have been studied by scientists to better understand their
physiology and process of interaction with their female counterpart, the oocyte, in order to treat and resolve infertility
problems. Three centuries after van Leeuwenhoek’s discovery, the 100,000th article about these cells was published. It
is encouraging that sperm research reached this landmark, but at the same time it is clear that further research on male
reproductive physiology and spermatozoa is required to shed more light on their function and pathology in order to
reduce the number of unexplained infertility cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenniffer Puerta Suárez
- Reproduction Group, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Medical School, University of Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Stefan S du Plessis
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Walter D Cardona Maya
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa. Electronic Address:
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Ayad BM, Van der Horst G, du Plessis SS. Short abstinence: A potential strategy for the improvement of sperm quality. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Lee JW, Cha JH, Shin SH, Cha HJ, Kim JH, Park CK, Pak KA, Yoon JS, Park SY. Effect of the sexual abstinence period recommended by the World Health Organization on clinical outcomes of fresh embryo transfer cycles with normal ovarian response after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Andrologia 2018; 50:e12964. [PMID: 29460293 DOI: 10.1111/and.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate whether the sexual abstinence period (SAP) recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) affects clinical outcomes. We compared the rate of clinical outcomes between 2-7 and ≥8 days of SAP in first fresh embryo transfer after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in groups of young maternal age (YMA: <38 years) and old maternal age (OMA: ≥38 years). We conducted a retrospective study of 449 first ICSI cycles with a normal ovarian response. SAP was identified before collecting the semen samples. Semen analysis was performed based on the guidelines recommended by WHO (2010). Sperm preparation was made using the swim-up method. Patients' baseline characteristics in the YMA and OMA groups did not differ. The rates of fertilisation, top-quality embryos on day 3, biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, abortion and implantation per cycle were not significantly different between 2-7 and ≥8 days of SAP in the YMA or OMA group. In conclusion, SAP beyond the recommended period by WHO was not associated with the rates of a lower fertilisation and pregnancy in human in vitro fertilisation (IVF). We think that a new criterion of SAP for clinical application in human IVF needs to be considered by WHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Lee
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - J H Cha
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Shin
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - H J Cha
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - C K Park
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - K A Pak
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Yoon
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Agaon Fertility Clinic, Seoul, Korea
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Hanson BM, Aston KI, Jenkins TG, Carrell DT, Hotaling JM. The impact of ejaculatory abstinence on semen analysis parameters: a systematic review. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:213-220. [PMID: 29143943 PMCID: PMC5845044 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-1086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate recent publications and determine the impact of ejaculatory abstinence on semen analysis parameters as well as fertility outcomes. METHODS This was a systematic review of 28 recent publications. The focus of this study was the impact of abstinence on semen parameters and fertility outcomes in papers published since the year 2000. The specific parameters evaluated were volume, sperm count, motility, morphology, pH, DNA fragmentation rate, viability, and pregnancy or fertilization rates following assisted reproduction. RESULTS Twenty-eight recent publications met inclusion criteria. Analysis of publications showed that longer abstinence is associated with increases in semen volume and sperm count. Studies evaluating the effect of abstinence on motility, morphology, and DNA fragmentation rates are contradictory and inconclusive, although a trend appears to exist toward improvements in semen parameters with shorter abstinence. Semen pH was unaffected by abstinence. The majority of publications found no difference in rates of viability with varying abstinence times, although total number of viable sperm increases with increasing abstinence. Some studies evaluating the impact of ejaculatory abstinence on intrauterine insemination (IUI), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and in vitro fertilization (IVF) demonstrated an association between short abstinence and improved outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The impact of abstinence on sperm quality is complex. While certain semen parameters improve with longer abstinence, others appear to improve with shorter abstinence. No clear recommendations can be made regarding ideal abstinence due to the conflicting nature of current evidence. Going forward, more research is needed to evaluate the impact of abstinence on pregnancy and fertilization rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent M. Hanson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, 50 N Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA
| | - Kenneth I. Aston
- Department of Surgery–Urology, University of Utah Andrology & IVF Laboratories, 675 Arapeen Drive, Suite 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - Tim G. Jenkins
- Department of Surgery–Urology, University of Utah Andrology & IVF Laboratories, 675 Arapeen Drive, Suite 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - Douglas T. Carrell
- Department of Surgery–Urology, University of Utah Andrology & IVF Laboratories, 675 Arapeen Drive, Suite 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
| | - James M. Hotaling
- Department of Surgery–Urology, University of Utah Center for Reconstructive Urology and Men’s Health, 675 Arapeen Drive, Suite 205, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA
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Castrillón-Duque EX, Puerta Suárez J, Cardona Maya WD. Yeast and Fertility: Effects of In Vitro Activity of Candida spp. on Sperm Quality. J Reprod Infertil 2018; 19:49-55. [PMID: 29850447 PMCID: PMC5960052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candida spp. causes semen candidiasis, the most important sexually transmitted fungal infection; this microorganism affects male fertility potential and could alter oocyte fertilization. The in vitro effects of the yeasts Candida albicans and Candida glabrata and their soluble factors of fungal metabolism on semen quality were studied. METHODS Candida strains (2, 0.5 and 0.05 McF) and their soluble factors were incubated for 3 hr with selected spermatozoa. Conventional (Viability and motility) and functional parameters (Mitochondrial membrane potential, membrane integrity, detection of reactive oxygen species and DNA fragmentation) were quantified in 35 semen samples. In addition, human spermatozoa were incubated under capacitating conditions with Candida spp. and soluble factors. Finally, spermatozoa were incubated with mannose before incubation with either yeast to block sperm and yeast interaction. Data was analyzed using Friedman test, and p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The conventional sperm parameters were statistically affected by the two yeast strains after 3 hr and their effect was maintained until the 24 hr incubation. However, the functional parameters were altered, this change was not statistically significant. Pretreatment of spermatozoa with mannose decreased the effect of Candida spp. CONCLUSION The presence of C. albicans or C. glabrata affects seminal parameters. The effect is related to incubation time and yeast concentration, it can be supposed that the yeast sperm interaction is mediated through the mannose sperm receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Walter Dario Cardona Maya
- Corresponding Author: Walter D. Cardona Maya, Grupo Reproducción, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia. E-mail:
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Comar VA, Petersen CG, Mauri AL, Mattila M, Vagnini LD, Renzi A, Petersen B, Nicoletti A, Dieamant F, Oliveira JBA, Baruffi RLR, Franco Jr. JG. Influence of the abstinence period on human sperm quality: analysis of 2,458 semen samples. JBRA Assist Reprod 2017; 21:306-312. [PMID: 28985041 PMCID: PMC5714597 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20170052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different periods of abstinence on conventional semen parameters as well as functional parameters in human semen, including mitochondrial function, chromatin packing and sperm DNA fragmentation. METHODS We recruited a cohort of 2,458 men undergoing infertility investigation. Semen analyses were performed according to WHO guidelines/morphology-motile sperm organelle morphology examination/MSOME. For DNA integrity analysis, the percentages of DNA fragmentation (TUNEL), abnormal chromatin packaging/underprotamination (chromomycin A3/CMA3), abnormal mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP/MitoTracker Green), and apoptosis (annexin-V) were recorded. Associations between the sexual abstinence period and sperm parameters were assessed using Spearman correlation. For group comparisons, the subjects were categorized according to the sexual abstinence period (SAP) into three groups: SAP <2 days, SAP 2-5 days, and SAP >5 days. RESULTS The duration of abstinence had a statistically significant positive influence on sperm concentration and volume, the number of leukocytes and a statistically significant negative influence on sperm motility and vitality. The percentages of DNA fragmentation and MMP (mitochondrial damage) worsened with the increased duration of abstinence. The percentage of sperm protamination was statistically significantly increased with abstinence. CONCLUSION Increase in the sexual abstinence period influences sperm quality. This study reinforces the importance of the duration of ejaculatory abstinence on semen parameter variation. It highlights the deleterious effect of increased abstinence on DNA damage, which is most likely associated with ROS (mitochondrial damage/number of leukocytes). The increase in chromatin packaging can represent a protective feature for DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A. Comar
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia G. Petersen
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana L. Mauri
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Mattila
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura D. Vagnini
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Renzi
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Petersen
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia Nicoletti
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dieamant
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Joao Batista A. Oliveira
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo L. R. Baruffi
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José G. Franco Jr.
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr., Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirão
Preto, SP, Brazil
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