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Zhang X, Luan Y, Tang Y, Lau MMC, Yu Y, Gu J, Lau JTF. Perceived social support and self-stigma as factors of COVID-19 booster vaccination behavior and intention via cognitive coping and emotion regulation among people infected with COVID-19 in Hong Kong. BMC Public Health 2025; 25:659. [PMID: 39966881 PMCID: PMC11834225 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-025-21899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is imperative to promote behavior/intention of taking up booster COVID-19 vaccination (BI-BV) among people who have ever contracted COVID-19 (PECC). The aims were to investigate the prevalence of BI-BV and its associations with perceived social support. Guided by the stress coping theory, we tested mediators between perceived social support and BI-BV via self-stigma, active coping, and maladaptive emotion regulation (rumination and catastrophizing). METHODS A random population-based telephone survey was conducted among adult PECC having completed the primary series of COVID-19 vaccination prior to the diagnosis; 230 participants were interviewed from June to August 2022 during the fifth (last) major outbreak in Hong Kong. The associations between the independent variables and BI-BV were tested by logistic regression analysis. A structural equation model (SEM) tested the indirect effects of the latent variables of self-stigma, active coping, and maladaptive emotion regulation between the latent variable of perceived social support and BI-BV. RESULTS The prevalence of BI-BV was 62.2%. It was associated with age, marital status, full-time employment, and chronic disease status. The logistic regression analysis found that BI-BV was positively associated with perceived social support (ORc = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.12- 1.54), active coping (ORc = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.10- 1.79), rumination (ORc = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.13- 2.70), and catastrophizing (ORc = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.49- 6.51) and negatively associated with self-stigma (ORc = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.72- 0.88). In the SEM analysis, the positive association between perceived social support and BI-BV was fully mediated: 1) via self-stigma (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.03- 0.14), 2) via active coping (β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02- 0.12), and 3) via self-stigma and then active coping (β = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.002- 0.04). Two of these indirect paths involved active coping. The indirect paths involving maladaptive emotion regulation were all non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Perceived social support was associated with BI-BV, and was mediated via self-stigma, active coping, and serially self-stigma then active coping but not emotion maladaptation. The data supported the stress cognitive coping model in explaining the association between perceived social support and BI-BV. Interventions promoting BI-BV may consider modifying the observed significant factors. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Yiming Luan
- Meilong Community Health Center of Minhang District, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Yihan Tang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mason M C Lau
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanqiu Yu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jing Gu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Public Mental Health Center, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
- Center for Health Behaviors Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Xiaoxia Z, Yan F, Junwei W, Bingyao Z, Fei X. Enhancing hospital protection measures reduces frontline medical workers' stress during the pandemic. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:716. [PMID: 39623436 PMCID: PMC11613736 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-02185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Frontline medical workers (FMWs) faced high stress levels in frontline clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to alleviate FMWs' psychological stress by enhancing protection measures, which includes refining the selection process, improving protective measures for their work in frontline clinics, and determining the appropriate time for evacuation. A Chinese-language-version stress questionnaire, covering stress-related issues and sociodemographic characteristics, was administered to FMWs in Shanghai during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022, yielding 107 valid responses. The questionnaire's reliability and validity were subsequently confirmed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was applied to the stress-related questions, with the KMO and Bartlett's test values of 0.886, 877.8522 (df = 120, p < 0.0001), respectively. Structure equation modeling (SEM) was used to confirm the factors and measure the relationships among the stress-related questions, factors and sociodemographic characteristics. The parameters of SEM named SOFAIDC were significant with SRMSR, RMSEA, AGFI, NFI, and PNFI being 0.0422, 0.0507, 0.9946, 0.9958, and 0.7615, respectively. Paired sample t-tests revealed the significant decrease in FMWs' stress score of the current week and the previous week, with all t-values being negative and significant (p < 0.01). A latent growth model (LGM) named LGM30 verified the overall decreasing stress trend over the weeks, with high R-squares (> 0.80), significant positive linear and negative quadratic time parameters. Based on the trajectory analysis, a stress scorecard with an AUC of 0.856 was developed. This study found that there are four factors for FMWs' psychological stress (anxiety about infection, exhaustion, lack of cognition for infection, and hesitant feeling), and improving targeted hospital protection could alleviate FMWs' psychological stress through SOFAIDC, as all the total effect of factors or items from the feeling of being protected by hospital were negative. Meanwhile, although overall FMWs' stress trend has decreased, 22.43% of FMWs have maintained or experienced a high stress trend, and the stress might increase over weeks in frontline clinics. To perfect hospital protection to alleviate FMWs' psychological stress, the scorecard could be used to select FMWs with low-stress trends, LGM30 could be used to determine the withdrawal time (such as week 8), and targeted hospital protections could be designed based on the relationships between feeling of being protected by the hospital and factors in SOFAIDC, such as providing adequate protective equipment, improving the rationality of FMWs' work schedules, recruiting personnel with higher education levels, and paying adequate monetary compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xiaoxia
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.725, Wanping South Road, Shanghai, Xuhui Area, 200030, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.725, Wanping South Road, Shanghai, Xuhui Area, 200030, China
| | - Wang Junwei
- School of Statistics, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhang Bingyao
- Hubei University of Medicine, No. 30, Renmin South Road, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xu Fei
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.725, Wanping South Road, Shanghai, Xuhui Area, 200030, China.
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McGinn EA, Rosenberg LM, Chandler GS, Seltz LB. Resident perspectives on the impact of program leadership communication on well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION IN HEALTHCARE 2024; 17:328-336. [PMID: 38695767 DOI: 10.1080/17538068.2024.2340766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a myriad of changes that negatively impacted resident physicians' well-being. Communication from program leadership may mitigate resident stress during times of crisis, yet literature supporting this premise is scant, and best communication practices remain uncertain. This qualitative study aimed to identify stressors to residents and explore the influence of residency program leadership's communication on emotional stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Informed by Kotter's 8-step management model to support resident well-being, this qualitative study used grounded theory methods to interview 25 residents from three training programs (Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, and Medicine-Pediatrics) on a single academic medical campus from May-September 2020. Four investigators coded the data using the constant comparative analysis. Sampling continued until reaching thematic saturation. Codes were built using an iterative approach and organized into themes. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus discussion among investigators. RESULTS Residents described increased stress levels, the all-consuming nature of COVID-19, mixed emotions about their role as healthcare providers, new coping mechanisms, and changes to their education and work environment that impacted stress. Communication from leadership to residents during the pandemic varied. Effective communication helped mitigate stress; perceived suboptimal communication exacerbated stress. Who was communicating, methods of communication, and content of communication influenced resident stress. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic introduced new stressors and challenges to residents. The perception of leadership communication played a critical role in mitigating or exacerbating resident stress. We propose a communication framework ("Who? What? Where? When? How?") that residency leadership can utilize during times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynne M Rosenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Grace S Chandler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - L Barry Seltz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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Sledge JA, Prentice D, Arroyo C. Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Professionals at a Midwestern Quaternary Academic Urban Health Center. Workplace Health Saf 2024; 72:439-452. [PMID: 39078035 DOI: 10.1177/21650799241260604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior pandemic research has focused on physicians and nurses who provide direct patient care. Literature on the experiences of nonnurse/physician clinicians and nonclinical health care professionals is sparse. METHODS An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted over threetime points to examine the impact of COVID-19 on clinical and nonclinical healthcare professionals (n = 464). FINDINGS There were no significant differences in distress across survey waves, except for anger (p = .046). No significant differences in distress scores were found between job types. Multiple linear regression results varied. Both the threat and interrupted plans scores were significant predictors of distress. Resources available to healthcare providers (HCPs) were underutilized in all three waves. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare professionals' distress increases with exposure. Integrating self-care resources for staff may mitigate the impact and maintain a healthy work environment. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Occupational health providers should incorporate these findings when developing opportunities to address the needs of health care professionals in the workplace.
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Sansakorn P, Mushtaque I, Awais-E-Yazdan M, Dost MKB. The Relationship between Cyberchondria and Health Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Health Literacy among the Pakistani Public. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1168. [PMID: 39338051 PMCID: PMC11431163 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21091168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the current study examines the association between cyberchondria and health anxiety in the Pakistani population, with health literacy as a moderator. This study utilized a cross-sectional research approach, with data gathered through simple random sampling. The study enlisted 1295 participants from Pakistan aged between 18 and 70, 63% of whom were male and 36% of whom were female. The researchers found a statistically significant positive link between cyberchondria and health anxiety (β = 0.215; t = 1.052; p 0.000). The moderating influence of health literacy suggests that health anxiety has a significantly negative effect on the relationship between cyberchondria and health anxiety (β = -0.769; t = 2.097; p 0.037). Moreover, females had higher cyberchondria scores than males. Health-related anxiety did not differ between the sexes, and males had greater health literacy than females. These results emphasize the critical role of health literacy in the moderating effects of cyberchondria on health anxiety. Furthermore, they reveal significant gender differences in both cyberchondria and health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeda Sansakorn
- Department of Occupational Health & Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Iqra Mushtaque
- Department of Psychology, University of Layyah, Layyah 31200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais-E-Yazdan
- Department of Occupational Health & Safety, School of Public Health, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
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McCall RK, Al-Sinawi H, Al-Kharusi N, Al Rawahi S, Al Balushi R, Al-Lawati N, Rizzo M, Al-Rasadi K, Al Maniri A. Retrospective study on the emotional status of healthcare workers in a COVID-19 field hospital in Oman. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1339703. [PMID: 38835615 PMCID: PMC11149611 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1339703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Overview To combat the overwhelming demand for medical services and care during the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Sultanate of Oman launched the COVID-19 Field Hospital in 2020, designed to respond and alleviate the burden on the medical infrastructure. Several studies globally and from the Middle East suggested that frontline healthcare workers (HCW) were at risk of developing markers of psychological distress. It was further understood through research findings that HCW were resilient during times of crisis. However, there is a dearth in studies evaluating the emotional status of frontline HCW posted in the COVID-19 field hospitals in Gulf Countries, including Oman. This study attempts to shed light on the emotional status of HCW that were on the frontlines in the field hospital in the Sultanate of Oman. Aim This study aims to quantify and evaluate the emotional status of HCW in the frontline field hospital by screening for symptoms of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. Method The data was collected by a local private mental healthcare facility as part of digital feedback to design and implement supportive strategies. Data was collected between September 2021 and October 2021 from 121 HCW in the COVID-19 Field hospital in Oman via 'WhatsApp'. Results Chi square and binary logistic regression tests were administered to evaluate the data. The participants comprised of 63.6% females and 79.3% were between 30 and 39 years of age. Majority of the participants (65.2%) described themselves as 'financially unstable' and possess an average of 7.5 years of work experience. Of the participants 73.6% of the HCW were based solely in the field hospital for 6-9 months at the time of the survey. Majority of the participants denied the presence of emotional distress expressed through depression (92.6%), anxiety (92.6%) and poor quality of sleep (59.5%). Conclusion The findings of the present study reflect the HCW ability to cope during challenging situations likely owing to a variety of environmental, social and personal protective factors. The findings of this study can translate into further research on identifying and addressing stressors and targeting the enhancement of protective factors to safeguard the well-being of HCW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamed Al-Sinawi
- Al Harub Medical Center, Muscat, Oman
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Sulaiman Al Rawahi
- PDO Clinic, Corporate Health & Safety, MSEM, Petroleum Development of Oman, Muscat, Oman
| | | | | | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Khalid Al-Rasadi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Medical Research Centre, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Lee S, Hwang S, Kwon KT, Nam E, Chung US, Kim SW, Chang HH, Kim Y, Bae S, Shin JY, Bae SG, Ryoo HW, Jeong J, Oh N, Lee SH, Kim Y, Kang CK, Park HY, Park J, Park SY, Kim B, Cheong HS, Son JW, Lim SJ, Yun S, Oh WS, Park KH, Lee JY, Heo ST, Lee JY. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression and Anxiety Among Healthcare Workers During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Nationwide Study in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e120. [PMID: 38599597 PMCID: PMC11004773 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthcare system's collapse due to a pandemic, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), can expose healthcare workers (HCWs) to various mental health problems. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the depression and anxiety of HCWs. METHODS A nationwide questionnaire-based survey was conducted on HCWs who worked in healthcare facilities and public health centers in Korea in December 2020. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to measure depression and anxiety. To investigate factors associated with depression and anxiety, stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 1,425 participating HCWs were included. The mean depression score (PHQ-9) of HCWs before and after COVID-19 increased from 2.37 to 5.39, and the mean anxiety score (GAD-7) increased from 1.41 to 3.41. The proportion of HCWs with moderate to severe depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) increased from 3.8% before COVID-19 to 19.5% after COVID-19, whereas that of HCWs with moderate to severe anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 10) increased from 2.0% to 10.1%. In our study, insomnia, chronic fatigue symptoms and physical symptoms after COVID-19, anxiety score (GAD-7) after COVID-19, living alone, and exhaustion were positively correlated with depression. Furthermore, post-traumatic stress symptoms, stress score (Global Assessment of Recent Stress), depression score (PHQ-9) after COVID-19, and exhaustion were positively correlated with anxiety. CONCLUSION In Korea, during the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs commonly suffered from mental health problems, including depression and anxiety. Regularly checking the physical and mental health problems of HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial, and social support and strategy are needed to reduce the heavy workload and psychological distress of HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinwon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Soyoon Hwang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Kwon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
| | - EunKyung Nam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Un Sun Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Shin-Woo Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ha Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yoonjung Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sohyun Bae
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang-Geun Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Ryoo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Juhwan Jeong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - NamHee Oh
- Hospital Infection Control Team, Daegu Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Yoon Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiho Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Yoon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Suk Cheong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Woong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Su Jin Lim
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Masan Medical Center, Changwon, Korea
| | - Seongcheol Yun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Andong Medical Center, Andong, Korea
| | - Won Sup Oh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Park
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang Taek Heo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Lee
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea
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Huang J, Huang ZT, Sun XC, Chen TT, Wu XT. Mental health status and related factors influencing healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289454. [PMID: 38241316 PMCID: PMC10798549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of healthcare workers during the coronavirus-2019 pandemic was seriously affected, and the risk of mental health problems was high. The present study sought to systematically evaluate the mental health problems of healthcare workers worldwide during the pandemic and to determine the latest global frequency of COVID-19 associated mental health problems. METHODS Data in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Elsevier, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and the Web of Science before November 11, 2022, were systematically searched. Cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included. The meta-analysis used a random effects model to synthesize the comprehensive prevalence rate of mental health problems. Subgroup analyses were performed based on time of data collection; whether the country was or was not developed; continent; doctors and nurses; doctors/nurses vs. other healthcare workers; and psychological evaluation scale. RESULTS A total of 161 studies were included, including 341,014 healthcare workers worldwide, with women accounting for 82.8%. Occupationally, 16.2% of the healthcare workers were doctors, 63.6% were nurses and 13.3% were other medical staff. During the pandemic, 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35-60%) of healthcare workers reported job burnout, 38% (95% CI, 35-41%) experienced anxiety, 34% (95% CI 30-38%) reported depression, 30% (95% CI, 29-31%) had acute stress disorder, and 26% (95% CI, 21-31%) had post-traumatic stress disorder. CONCLUSIONS The study found that there were common mental health problems among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common was job burnout, followed by anxiety, depression, acute stress and post-traumatic stress disorder. Although the global pandemic has been brought under control, its long-term impact on the mental health of healthcare workers cannot be ignored. Additional research is required to develop measures to prevent, monitor and treat psychological disorders among healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhu-Tang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin-Ce Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Odonkor MN, Vidal C, Seligman E, Kouo T, Husain A. Tracking Staff Mood and Concerns in a Pediatric Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Emerg Nurs 2024; 50:117-125.e1. [PMID: 37865891 PMCID: PMC12032628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have monitored health care worker mood and job satisfaction changes longitudinally throughout an epidemic. The objective of this study was to track staff mood, job satisfaction, questions, and suggestions in a pediatric emergency department over 1 year during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. We hypothesized that staff would experience heightened negative emotions earlier in the pandemic due to uncertainty around hospital protocols and the coronavirus disease 2019 disease process. METHODS A voluntary, cross sectional descriptive study using an anonymous electronic survey assessed job satisfaction and mood over 4 domains (sad-happy, angry-peaceful, exhausted-energized, fearful-confident) in pediatric emergency department staff members. Responses were reported with Likert scales and free-text fields. RESULTS Of 272 survey responses, most were from nurses and clinical technicians (N = 173, 63.6%), followed by physicians and physician assistants (N = 55, 20.2%) and nonmedical staff (N = 44, 16.2%). Department-wide values for the fearful-confident and angry-peaceful domains increased over time (P = .001 and P = .01, respectively), indicating an overall more confident and peaceful mood in department staff. Job satisfaction did not change over time or by staff role. Nurses and clinical technicians reported the most exhaustion (P = .002), and physicians and physician assistants reported the most fear (P = .03). We received a total of 71 comments, which we grouped into 4 themes: protocols and procedures, personnel, infection risk, and miscellaneous. Comments submitted early in the pandemic centered around intradepartmental protocols and procedures, with a peak in staffing comments 5 months into the pandemic. DISCUSSION An electronic survey monitoring mood, job satisfaction, and concerns in a pediatric emergency department identified mood changes in staff over the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
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Doleman G, De Leo A, Bloxsome D. The impact of pandemics on healthcare providers' workloads: A scoping review. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:4434-4454. [PMID: 37203285 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To review and synthesize available evidence exploring the impact of pandemics on direct healthcare providers' workloads in the acute care setting. DESIGN Scoping review. DATA SOURCES A review of English research articles published up to August 2022 that examined the impact of pandemics on healthcare providers' workloads was undertaken. Studies were identified by searching four electronic databases: Medline (EBSCO), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science and PsychInfo (EBSCO). Fifty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. REVIEW METHODS The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Scoping Review checklist. RESULTS Healthcare workers experience an increase in workload pressures during a pandemic. This included patients requiring more care, undertaking non-normal work activities, increase in work content including changes to documentation, increase in demand and skills required, an increase in overtime and hours of work per week and higher patient-to-nurse ratios. The review also highlighted changes to the work environment and worsened work environments, including staffing shortages. CONCLUSION Focused efforts from health organizations to prioritize supportive conditions, policies focused on improved work environments, staffing adequacy and fair and reasonable workloads will enhance retention of the current workforce and future planning for pandemics. IMPACT Understanding workload challenges faced by frontline health professionals during the pandemic can improve planning, including policies and procedures, and resource allocation for future pandemic or emergency situations. In addition, extended periods of high workloads can impact staff retention. As many countries return to life after COVID-19, it is important that healthcare organizations examine staff pressures and identify ways to support staff moving forward. This will be vital for the future sustainability of the workforce. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Doleman
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gardiner Osbourne Park Healthcare Group, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Annemarie De Leo
- School of Medical Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dianne Bloxsome
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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11
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Vlassi A, Vitkos E, Michailidou D, Lykoudis PM, Kioroglou L, Kyrgidis A, Tilaveridis I, Dardavesis T. Stress, Professional Burnout, and Employee Efficiency in the Greek National Organization for the Provision of Health Services. Clin Pract 2023; 13:1541-1548. [PMID: 38131684 PMCID: PMC10742003 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13060135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workplace stress and burnout in the Greek healthcare system had been considered severe even before the high pressure of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate occupational quality of life and burnout effects on workplace errors among the administrative staff in the Greek healthcare system. METHODS We enrolled 120 administrative healthcare employee participants between April and May 2019. Occupational burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. FINDINGS Inadequate staffing, a low sense of well-being, exhaustion, and low family income were associated with workplace errors. Increased workload and staff shortages were associated with occupation related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Targeted interventions supporting healthcare staff mental health are warranted. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Wellness and professional burnout can affect professional efficiency and are associated with workplace errors in the healthcare sector. Targeted interventions are warranted to support the mental health of healthcare staff during work and to prevent incidents of post-traumatic stress. Shortages of staffing may lead to an increase in the cost of the provided services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Vlassi
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.V.)
| | - Evangelos Vitkos
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Crete, 715 00 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Despoina Michailidou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, 570 10 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagis M. Lykoudis
- Consultant Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgeon Honorary Lecturer, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London NW3 2PS, UK
| | - Lambrini Kioroglou
- School of Medicine and School of Law, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanassios Kyrgidis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, George Papanikolaou General Hospital, 570 10 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tilaveridis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodoros Dardavesis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.V.)
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12
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Utzet M, Villar R, Díaz P, Rodríguez Arjona MD, Ramada JM, Serra C, G Benavides F. Dealing with the unknown: perceptions, fears and worries of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital workers. GACETA SANITARIA 2023; 37:102335. [PMID: 37992460 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2023.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explores fears and worries regarding SARS-CoV-2 risk of infection and transmission to relatives, co-workers, and patients in relation to non-pharmacological preventive interventions among healthcare workers (including physicians, nurses, aides, cleaners, maintenance, and security staff) in a healthcare institution in Barcelona (Spain), during the first and second waves of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. METHOD The research used an explorative qualitative approach. Six focus groups and ten individual interviews were conducted online and audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis and mixed coding. RESULTS Forty professionals participated in the study. Four common themes emerged in all groups: challenges related to the lack of pandemic preparedness, concerns about personal protective equipment, unclear guidelines for case and contact tracing, and communication-related difficulties. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes the key recommendations to improve non-pharmacological preventive interventions to reduce workers' fears and worries about the risk of infection and spreading the infection to others, including families. Above all, these should include ensuring the availability, and correct use of adequate personal protective equipment, improve guidelines on case and contact tracing, and setting effective communication channels for all workers of the organization. These recommendations must be reinforced in maintenance and security personnel, as well as night shift nurses and aides, to also reduce health inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Utzet
- Centre for Research in Occupational Health, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Spain.
| | - Rocío Villar
- Centre for Research in Occupational Health, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Spain; Occupational Health Service, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Díaz
- Centre for Research in Occupational Health, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Occupational Health Service, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José María Ramada
- Centre for Research in Occupational Health, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Spain; Occupational Health Service, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Consol Serra
- Centre for Research in Occupational Health, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Spain; Occupational Health Service, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando G Benavides
- Centre for Research in Occupational Health, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Spain
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13
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El Fouhil AF, Aldakheel YF, Alnamlah IS, Alsqabi HA, Alfaifi AH. Mental Illnesses and Quality of Sleep Among Nurses Working at a Tertiary Hospital in Riyadh During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cureus 2023; 15:e47394. [PMID: 38021817 PMCID: PMC10657164 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study primarily aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental illnesses (depression, anxiety, and stress) along with the poor quality of sleep, with a secondary focus on determining whether there was an association between mental health and quality of sleep among nurses working at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic on 309 nurses from different departments at King Khalid University Hospital. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21), and sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) via an online survey. Results The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 30.4%, 43.7%, and 16.5%, respectively, while 61.5% showed poor sleep quality. The association between poor quality of sleep and the other outcome variables of mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress) was highly significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion Nurses have reported an increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and poor quality of sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic, making them particularly vulnerable to mental illnesses and sleep difficulties in the event of future pandemics. There is a clear link between mental health issues and poor quality of sleep, necessitating the provision of psychological support for nurses. Enhancing sleep quality is recommended as a way to decrease the prevalence of mental health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F El Fouhil
- Department of Anatomy, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | - Hesham A Alsqabi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
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14
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Chen H, Ma Q, Du B, Huang Y, Zhu SG. Two-year follow-up of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in healthcare workers after the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2023; 36:324-332. [PMID: 37681422 PMCID: PMC10664000 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to conduct a 2-year follow-up of mental disorders in healthcare workers (HCWs) in a region of China outside the epidemic's core zone who happened to be directly or possibly exposed to persons with COVID-19. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cognitive analysis scale was utilized in the evaluation the mental or emotional state of HCWs at Xuzhou Medical University's affiliated hospital in the city of Xuzhou, China (a non-core epidemic area) 2 years after the first assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 165 HCWs were selected as the study subjects. In accordance to the exposure risk of COVID-19 patients, the subjects were separated into 2 categories: a group with a high risk HCW (HHCW) (HCWs working in COVID-19-positive wards; N = 91) and a group with a minimal risk HCW (LHCW) (HCWs who worked in wards without COVID-19 patients at the same hospital; N = 75). The clinical as well as demographic information of every HCWs were collected. RESULTS The demographic data revealed significant differences in terms of occupation, remuneration, and selfless concerns amidst both categories (p < 0.05). There lacked a statistically notable difference in the occurrence of PTSD between the 2 groups. Data was analyzed for factors associated with PTSD, and the results showed that psychological resilience, job risk, and stress in the workplace were risk factors for PTSD. Additionally, the results of the logistic regression analysis showed that psychological resilience was a significant shared risk factor for PTSD in HCWs after the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The 2-year follow-up showed no statistical difference in the incidence of PTSD between the HHCW group and the LHCW group. Workplace stress, occupational hazards, and psychological resilience were the major contributing risk factors for PTSD in HCWs. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(3):324-32.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Neurology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Ma
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Du
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Neurology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Neurology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Guang Zhu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Neurology, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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15
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Olanrewaju YA, Oladunni AA, David KB, Babatunde YO, Damilola IA, Adedeji O, Ahamefula CC. Covid-19 and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Africa: a narrative review. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:412-421. [PMID: 38357149 PMCID: PMC10862586 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i3.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 popularly known as COVID-19 is the current pandemic ravaging the world. It has disrupted so many aspects of humans' life including the healthcare systems of all countries. While governments have instituted preventive measures such as social distancing, self-isolation and lockdown in a bid to control the spread of the virus, the absence of vaccine can lead to poor management of key risk factors (including unhealthy diets and physical inactivity) associated with NCDs and limited access to preventive health services can further contribute to development and progression of NCDs. This study provides a review of available evidences from PubMed, google scholar, online databases, and papers from other sources on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on NCDs in Africa and emphasizes lessons from past pandemics that can be adopted to reduce the burden of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kenneth Bitrus David
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
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16
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Marair SA, Slater N. Middle Eastern nurses' views/experiences of work and well-being with the support measures during past disease outbreaks and COVID-19: a qualitative systematic review. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:230. [PMID: 37400825 PMCID: PMC10316637 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential psychological health impact of pandemics on nurses has been increasingly widely recognised, as have recommendations to establish support measures for nurses' well-being. Despite the availability of support measures significant number of nurses still experienced burnout and mental distress during Covid-19. Few efforts have been made in the wider literature to understand how nurses experience well-being support or how they perceive it affects their well-being during pandemics. In the Middle East, understanding and exploring well-being support measures during pandemics from nurses' perspectives has not received significant attention. OBJECTIVE To investigate nurses' perspectives and experiences of well-being support measures during prior pandemics and the Covid-19 pandemic in the Middle East. METHODS A systematic qualitative review was undertaken utilising the JBI model as a framework. Searches were carried out in databases comprised CINAHL, MEDLINE, NUsearch Library of Nottingham University and Google Scholar. Moreover, a manual search through reference lists for relevant studies were carried out. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Eleven studies were included in the review. The findings from the included qualitative studies were extracted using the JBI-QARI data extraction tool for qualitative research. The results were synthesised using a meta-synthesis in line with the JBI approach. RESULTS The included studies yielded an aggregate of 111 findings and were categorised into 14 categories, followed by four synthesised findings. These were: [1] nurses experienced challenges during MERS, yet different strategies were implemented by leaders and nurses to manage these challenges; [2] some well-being support measures were unfulfilled during Covid-19; [3] additional aspects compounded negatively on nurses' well- being; and [4] nurses showed maturity during Covid-19. CONCLUSION In comparison to prior health emergencies, well-being support measures during Covid-19 were not sufficiently adopted. Nurse policymakers and managers should consider these support measures to correspond with nurses' needs and explore the contextual factors that affect their implementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42022344005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmed Marair
- King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG1 5NT, UK.
| | - Nigel Slater
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG1 5NT, UK
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Córdova A, Caballero-García A, Drobnic F, Roche E, Noriega DC. Influence of Stress and Emotions in the Learning Process: The Example of COVID-19 on University Students: A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1787. [PMID: 37372905 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotional instability and stress are the main disturbances that condition the learning process, affecting both teachers and students. The main objective of this review is to analyze the influence of stress and emotions (as part of stress) on the learning environment. Stress is a physiological mechanism that the organism develops to adapt and survive external and internal challenges. In this context, stress tends to be seen as a negative condition in the learning process when it is chronic. Extreme stress situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can generate anxiety and frustration in students. However, other studies indicate that controlled stress can positively enhance the learning process. On the other hand, the quality and intensity of emotions resulting from stress can influence as well the learning process. Positive emotions are healthy and can promote optimal learning. Emotions lead to sentimental, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological changes, which will have a strong influence on intellectual performance. The activation of coping strategies constitutes a key mechanism for dealing positively with problems and challenges, generating positive emotions essential for the self-regulation of learning. In conclusion, correct management of emotions in stressful situations could promote effective learning through enhanced attention and capacity to solve problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Córdova
- Department de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, GIR: "Ejercicio Físico y Envejecimiento", Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Universitario "Los Pajaritos", 42004 Soria, Spain
| | - Alberto Caballero-García
- Department de Anatomía y Radiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, GIR: "Ejercicio Físico y Envejecimiento", Universidad de Valladolid, Campus Universitario "Los Pajaritos", 42004 Soria, Spain
| | - Franchek Drobnic
- Medical Services Wolverhampton Wanderers FC, Wolverhampton WV3 9BF, UK
| | - Enrique Roche
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - David C Noriega
- Department Cirugía, Oftalmología, Otorrinolaringología y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Medicina, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Columna Vertebral, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
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18
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Vivion M, Jauvin N, Nicolakakis N, Pelletier M, Letellier MC, Biron C. Psychosocial Risks among Quebec Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Social Media Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6116. [PMID: 37372703 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) were at high risk of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to work-related psychosocial risks, such as high psychological demands, low social support at work and low recognition. Because these factors are known to be detrimental to health, their detection and mitigation was essential to protect the healthcare workforce during the pandemic, when this study was initiated. Therefore, using Facebook monitoring, this study aims to identify the psychosocial risk factors to which HCWs in Quebec, Canada reported being exposed at work during the first and second pandemic waves. In this study, HCWs mainly refer to nurses, respiratory therapists, beneficiary attendants and technicians (doctors, managers and heads of healthcare establishments were deemed to be less likely to have expressed work-related concerns on the social media platforms explored). A qualitative exploratory research based on passive analysis of Facebook pages from three different unions was conducted. For each Facebook page, automatic data extraction was followed by and completed through manual extraction. Posts and comments were submitted to undergo thematic content analysis allowing main coded themes to emerge based on known theoretical frameworks of the psychosocial work environment. In total, 3796 Facebook posts and comments were analyzed. HCWs reported a variety of psychosocial work exposures, the most recurrent of which were high workload (including high emotional demands), lack of recognition and perceived injustice, followed by low workplace social support and work-life conflicts. Social media monitoring was a useful approach for documenting the psychosocial work environment during the COVID-19 crisis and could be a useful means of identifying potential targets for preventive interventions in future sanitary crises or in a context of major reforms or restructuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline Vivion
- Department of Scientific Valorization and Quality, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), Quebec, QC G1V 5B3, Canada
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jauvin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Toxicology, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), Quebec, QC G1V 5B3, Canada
| | - Nektaria Nicolakakis
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Toxicology, Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec (INSPQ), Montreal, QC H2P 1E2, Canada
| | - Mariève Pelletier
- Guidance and Counseling School, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Biron
- Department of Management, Faculty of Business & Administration, VITAM-Research Center for Sustainable Health, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Traoré S, Dahourou DL, Paré BC, Lompo YD, Kaboré WJ, Ouédraogo WLSAEA, Kambou DT, Salou WRA, Kaboré D, Ouédraogo A, Sia S, Zorné M, Ouoba B, Guira O. High stress related to COVID-19 among health workers in the Plateau Central healthcare region (BURKINA FASO): a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1162707. [PMID: 37342275 PMCID: PMC10277688 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1162707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic challenged the mental wellbeing of health workers. The objective of this study was to assess health workers' perceived stress during the response to COVID-19 in the Central Plateau region (Burkina Faso). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of health workers in the Central Plateau health region from September 20 to October 20, 2021. Agents' perceived stress was assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Factors associated with high stress (PSS-10 score ≥ 27) were identified by logistic regression. Results A total of 272 officers participated in the survey. The mean PSS-10 score was 29.3 points (standard deviation: 6.2). Three out of ten agents (68%) had a high level of stress. The main sources of stress were the risk of being exposed to contamination (70%) and being the source of contamination (78%). Working at the referral health center [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.29; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.19-4.41], the hospital as the main source of COVID-19 information (aOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01-3.04), fear of COVID-19 patients being managed at one's center (aOR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.06-3.07) were factors associated with high health worker stress levels during the first wave of COVID-19. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic caused high stress among health care workers in Burkina Faso. Psychological support for health center workers in responding to future epidemics would improve their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solo Traoré
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Ziniaré Regional Hospital, Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | - Désiré Lucien Dahourou
- Department of Biomedical and Public Health, Research Institute of Health Sciences, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Boyo Constant Paré
- Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Yemboado Diedonné Lompo
- Gynecology and Obstetric Department of the Regional Hospital Center of Ziniaré, Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | - Wendlassida Josiane Kaboré
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Ziniaré Regional Hospital, Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Datouo Thomas Kambou
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Ziniaré Regional Hospital, Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Delphin Kaboré
- Zorgho Healthcare District, Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Zorgho, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoulaye Ouédraogo
- Ziniaré Healthcare District, Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | - Siaka Sia
- Regional Healthcare Directorate of the Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | - Mady Zorné
- Head Directorate of the Regional Hospital Center of Ziniaré, Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | - Boezemwendé Ouoba
- Regional Healthcare Directorate of the Plateau Central Healthcare Region, Ziniaré, Burkina Faso
| | - Oumar Guira
- Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences, Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Internal Medicine Department, Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Kitamura Y, Nakai H. Factors Associated with Turnover Intentions of Nurses Working in Japanese Hospitals Admitting COVID-19 Patients. NURSING REPORTS 2023; 13:792-802. [PMID: 37218950 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep13020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Three years after the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, turnover among frontline nurses has increased. The participants of this study were nurses at two general hospitals in Ishikawa, Japan, receiving COVID-19 patients. An original self-report questionnaire was created based on previous research. The questionnaire was distributed to 400 nurses, and responses were received from 227 nurses (response rate: 56.8%). The factors influencing turnover intention at the facilities were having less time to relax (odds ratio [OR]: 2.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-7.41) and wanting to receive counseling (OR: 5.21, 95% CI: 1.30-20.91). As a strategy to prevent turnover, nurse managers should provide opportunities for nurses to receive counseling during normal working hours and pay particular attention to changes in nurses' daily lives, such as changes in the time available for relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Kitamura
- School of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Uchinada, Kahoku 920-0265, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hisao Nakai
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Kochi, 2751-1 Ike, Kochi City 781-8515, Kochi, Japan
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Bright K, Cullen E, Conlon O, Zulla RT, Nicholas DB, Dimitropoulos G. Examining the experiences of pediatric mental health care providers during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:147. [PMID: 37143138 PMCID: PMC10157584 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01170-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic fundamentally impacted the way that mental health services were provided. In order to prevent the spread of infection, many new public health precautions, including mandated use of masks, quarantine and isolation, and closures of many in-person activities, were implemented. Public health mandates made it necessary for mental health services to immediately shift their mode of delivery, creating increased confusion and stress for mental health providers. The objective of this study is to understand the impact of pandemics on the clinical and personal lives of mental health providers working with children during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, March -June 2020. METHODS Mental health providers (n = 98) were recruited using purposive sampling from a public health service in Canada. Using qualitative methods, semi-structured focus groups were conducted to understand the experiences of mental health service providers during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Data from the focus groups were analysed and three main themes emerged: (1) shift to virtual delivery and working from home; (2) concerns about working in person; (3) exhaustion and stress from working through the pandemic. DISCUSSION This study gave voice to mental health providers as they provided continuity of care throughout the uncertain early months of the pandemic. The results provide insight into the impact times of crisis have on mental health providers, as well as provide practical considerations for the future in terms of supervision and feedback mechanisms to validate experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Bright
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Emma Cullen
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Olivia Conlon
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Central and Northern Alberta Region, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rosslynn T Zulla
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Central and Northern Alberta Region, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David B Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Central and Northern Alberta Region, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gina Dimitropoulos
- The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW MacKimmie Tower (MT) 301, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Moussa S, Achkouty I, Malaeb D, Ghosn A, Obeid S, Hallit S. Personality traits and perceived cognitive function in lebanese healthcare professionals. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:90. [PMID: 37004098 PMCID: PMC10063952 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01139-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healthcare field, a well-known field associated with variety of stressors, leaves healthcare professionals at an increased risk of both physical and mental problems. COVID-19 pandemic has recently been added to the stressful factors by endangering further the cognitive function of healthcare workers. On another hand, personality traits have been shown to have pervasive associations with functioning across various cognitive domains. Thus, this study aims to evaluate association between personality traits and perceived cognitive function among healthcare professionals in Lebanon during the collapsing period (following the severe economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic). METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2021 and January 2022 enrolled 406 Lebanese participants using the convenience sampling technique for data collection. Healthcare professionals from all specialties who received the online link to the survey were eligible to participate. The Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) and Fact Cog scale were used to assess personality traits and cognitive function. RESULTS After adjustment over all variables (age, gender, household crowding index, physical activity index, marital status, profession and the other four personality traits), higher negative emotionality was significantly associated with a worse cognitive function, whereas more extroversion and conscientiousness were significantly associated with a better cognitive function. CONCLUSION Our study adds to the narrow body of research revolving around the relationship between personality traits and perceived cognitive function in Lebanese healthcare professionals during these hard times in Lebanon. These results show that the choice of these cognitive processes is strongly affected by different personality traits, such as extroversion, conscientiousness, and negative emotionality. This study encourages the need to conduct further research that assess the changes in cognition in life stressors along with personality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon
| | - Iris Achkouty
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony Ghosn
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
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Doleman G, Coventry L, Towell-Barnard A, Ghosh M, Gent L, Saunders R, O'Connell B. Staff perceptions of the effectiveness of managerial communication during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Pract 2023:e13149. [PMID: 36942620 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This work aims to explore staff perceptions of (1) the effectiveness of organizational communication during the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) the impact of organizational communication on staff well-being and ability to progress their work and patient care. BACKGROUND Effective coordination and communication are essential in a pandemic management response. However, the effectiveness of communication strategies used during the COVID-19 pandemic is not well understood. DESIGN An exploratory cross-sectional research design was used. A 33-item survey tool was created for the study. METHODS The study was conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital in Western Australia. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from nursing, medical, allied health services, administrative and clerical, and personal support services (N = 325). Data were collected between December 2020 and May 2021. RESULTS Overall, all occupational groups found working during the COVID-19 pandemic stressful, and all groups wanted accessible and accurate communication from management and new policies, procedures, and protocols for future outbreaks. CONCLUSIONS The use of occupational group-relevant strategies and COVID-19 protocols, as well as the on-going use of email, face-to-face meetings with debrief sessions, are needed to improve communication and support staff to fulfil their roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Doleman
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Linda Coventry
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda Towell-Barnard
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Manonita Ghosh
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lucy Gent
- Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rosemary Saunders
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Beverly O'Connell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Nursing Research, Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Research in Aged Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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24
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Zhou Y, Liu A, Pu Z, Zhou M, Ding H, Zhou J. An investigation of the psychological stress of medical staff in Shanghai shelter hospital during COVID-19. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1083793. [PMID: 36968744 PMCID: PMC10033584 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess the psychological status of medical workers from other locations who helped support the fight against COVID-19 in Shanghai and to provide a basis for psychological crisis intervention plans under designated emergencies.MethodsWhile supporting the Shanghai Lingang Shelter Hospital, we investigated 1,097 medical staff from other cities working in the hospital. A questionnaire comprising the general information questionnaire, health questionnaire depression scale, generalized anxiety scale, insomnia severity index scale, and mental health self-assessment questionnaire was used.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders among subjects of different genders, ages, and educational levels. There were statistically significant differences in the incidences of anxiety, depression, stress response, and sleep disturbance among subjects with different levels of worry about COVID-19.ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the Lingang Shelter Hospital team experienced more psychological pressure, suggesting that medical institutions should pay attention to the mental health of frontline medical workers during COVID-19 and prepare psychological intervention measures for team members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hai'an Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiming Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hai'an Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zunguo Pu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hai'an Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Zunguo Pu,
| | - Minlu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hai'an Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongsheng Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hai'an Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Tiesman HM, Hendricks SA, Wiegand DM, Lopes-Cardozo B, Rao CY, Horter L, Rose CE, Byrkit R. Workplace Violence and the Mental Health of Public Health Workers During COVID-19. Am J Prev Med 2023; 64:315-325. [PMID: 36464557 PMCID: PMC9659550 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health workers were at an increased risk for violence and harassment due to their public health work and experienced adverse mental health conditions. This article quantifies the prevalence of job-related threats, harassment, and discrimination against public health workers and measures the association of these incidents with mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A nonprobability convenience sample of state, local, and tribal public health workers completed a self-administered, online survey in April 2021. The survey link was emailed to members of national public health associations and included questions on workplace violence, demographics, workplace factors, and mental health symptoms. Mental health symptoms were measured using standardized, validated tools to assess depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicidal ideation. Multivariable Poisson models calculated adjusted prevalence ratios of mental health symptoms, with workplace violence as the primary risk factor. Analyses were conducted in 2021-2022. RESULTS Experiencing any type or combination of workplace violence was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of reporting depression symptoms (prevalence ratio=1.21, 95% CI=1.15, 1.27), anxiety (prevalence ratio=1.21, 95% CI=1.15, 1.27), post-traumatic stress disorder (prevalence ratio=1.31, 95% CI=1.25, 1.37), and suicidal ideation (prevalence ratio=1.26, 95% CI=1.14, 1.38), after adjusting for confounders. A dose‒response relationship was found between the number of workplace violence events experienced by a public health worker and the likelihood of reporting mental health symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Violence targeted at the public health workforce is detrimental to workers and their communities. Ongoing training, workplace support, and increased communication after a workplace violence incident may be helpful. Efforts to strengthen public health capacities and support the public health workforce are also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope M Tiesman
- Analysis and Field Evaluations Branch, Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia.
| | - Scott A Hendricks
- Analysis and Field Evaluations Branch, Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Douglas M Wiegand
- Hazard Evaluations & Technical Assistance Branch, Division of Field Studies & Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Barbara Lopes-Cardozo
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Carol Y Rao
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Libby Horter
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Goldbelt C6, Chesapeake, Virginia
| | - Charles E Rose
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ramona Byrkit
- COVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Aoun MH, Ben Soussia R, Brahim S, Betbout I, Bouali W, Hadj-Mohamed A, Younes S, Zarrouk L. [COVID-19 Pandemic: Psychosocial impact among healthcare professionals in Tunisia]. L'ENCEPHALE 2023; 49:27-33. [PMID: 35725517 PMCID: PMC8547967 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the psycho-affective impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of health professionals in Tunisia and to estimate the associated factors. METHODS This is a multicenter, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of health professionals carried out from May 2, 2020 to June 30, 2020 in Tunisia. Healthcare professionals included doctors, nurses, dentists and pharmacists. The participants answered a pre-established questionnaire using an electronic "Google Form". This questionnaire gathered demographic data and medical history. It included two psychometric scales, the GAD-7 (General Anxiety Disorder-7) and the PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) to assess the prevalence and intensity of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms respectively. RESULTS The study included 203 healthcare professionals. The professionals had a mean age of 30.74±6.33years, 69.5 % were women, and the majority were doctors (77.8 %). Among professionals, 9.4 % were nurses, 7.4 % were dentists, and 5.4 % were pharmacists. A third of the participants 34.3 % worked in departments with Covid-19 patienfor having moderate to severe anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION In order to ensure better patient care, early detection of psychiatric disorders and the implementation of specific strategies to ensure better mental health among healthcare professionals are priorities not only during the current pandemic but also in the event of a future similar pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Aoun
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie
| | - R Ben Soussia
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie; Faculty of medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie; Service de Psychiatrie EPS, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie.
| | - S Brahim
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie
| | - I Betbout
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie
| | - W Bouali
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie
| | - A Hadj-Mohamed
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie
| | - S Younes
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie
| | - L Zarrouk
- Hôpital Tahar Sfar University Hospital, 5100 Mahdia, Tunisie
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Yarahmadi S, Khademi M, Ebrahimzadeh F, Cheraghian T, Shahidi Delshad E. Development and psychometric properties of health care workers' concerns in infectious outbreaks scale. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1108835. [PMID: 36743621 PMCID: PMC9891178 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1108835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Healthcare workers are a crucial workforce; from a moral perspective, understanding their concerns and how to support them is crucial and makes it possible for health services to keep functioning. This study aimed to develop and validate Health Care Workers' Concerns in Infectious Outbreaks Scale (HCWCIOS). Methods This exploratory sequential mix-method study was employed to design and validate the HCWCIOS. The initial tool was designed after searching similar studies and performing a qualitative phase under the semi-structured approach. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to evaluate the face and content validity. The content validity ratio, content validity index, and item-level content validity index were also calculated. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to evaluate the construct validity. Using a convenient sampling method, 354 Iranian healthcare workers participated in the study. Computing Cronbach's alpha coefficient estimated the internal consistency for HCWCIOS and its subscales. Furthermore assessed was test-retest reliability. Results The preliminary scale was designed with 57 items. By eliminating nine items in the content validity phase and 12 items during factor analysis, the final 36-item scale was developed on six factors: inadequate preparedness, lack of knowledge, risk perception, affected social relations, work pressure, and absenteeism. These six factors accounted for 46.507% of the total variance. The whole scale's Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.912, and the intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.88. Conclusion A 36-item HCWCIOS has good psychometric properties and is suitable for measuring healthcare workers' concerns during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Yarahmadi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran,Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Khademi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Farzad Ebrahimzadeh
- Nutritional Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Cheraghian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rahimi Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Elham Shahidi Delshad
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran,*Correspondence: Elham Shahidi Delshad, ✉
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Wang H, Farokhnia F, Sanchuli N. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of workers and the associated social-economic aspects: A narrative review. Work 2023; 74:31-45. [PMID: 36245355 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has struck nations worldwide, pushing worldwide health and socio-economic systems to extreme limits. Upon exposure to an exceeding number of patients and supply shortages, the resilience of healthcare resources has been broadly challenged. OBJECTIVE We will firstly discuss the mental health turmoil during the COVID-19 pandemic as the primary focus of this study and delve into the mental health repercussions among the workforce. Also, we debate the risk factors, particularly highlighting the impact of social behaviors and media exposure. We examine the pandemic's impact on occupational health services. Secondly, we thoroughly discuss the effect of socio-economic and race disparities in the COVID-19 contraction and the related psychologic sequelae. Economic outcomes are also highlighted, particularly alterations in poverty rates and occupational sectors. METHODS Peer-reviewed reports were extracted through Embase, PubMed, and Google Scholar until June 2022. RESULTS A constellation of untoward spillover effects of the pandemic, including dramatic changes in public and workplace environments, enduring curfew, and low wages, have put socio-economic aspects of daily life under exuberant strain. Indeed, occupational and public health stakeholders presume a coinciding social crisis to occur, provided the pandemic's implications on socioeconomics and psychological wellbeing are not addressed well with evidence-based approaches and peer services. CONCLUSION Evaluating the socio-economic and mental health impact is imperative to cope with the pandemic. Also, we should assess the predisposing and protecting factors in a broad array of life aspects associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- School of Tourism, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Fahimeh Farokhnia
- Department of Pediatrics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Sanchuli
- Department of Education Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
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Elaidy AM, Hammoud MS, N. Albatineh A, Ridha FM, Hammoud SM, Elsadek HM, Rahman MA. Coping strategies to overcome psychological distress and fear during COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY, AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY 2023; 30:12. [PMCID: PMC9891193 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-023-00285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has detrimental effects on both physical and psychological well-being of community people worldwide. The purpose of this research was to determine coping strategies and the factors associated with psychological distress and fear among adults in Kuwait during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Participants with good-excellent mental health perception had significantly lower prevalence of reporting high psychological distress, while those identified as patients as used health services in the past 4 weeks had significantly higher prevalence of reporting high psychological distress. On the other hand, individuals born in the same country of residence, whose financial situation was impacted by COVID-19 had significantly lower prevalence of reporting high levels of fear from COVID-19. Those with an income source, with co-morbidities, tested negative to COVID-19, being frontline or essential worker, reported medium to high psychological distress and had significantly higher prevalence of high levels of fear of COVID-19. Conclusions Mental health services should be provided in addition to the existing services in primary healthcare settings, so that the impact of ongoing pandemic on psychological wellbeing of people in Kuwait can be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M. Elaidy
- grid.411303.40000 0001 2155 6022Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Department of Psychiatry, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt ,grid.415706.10000 0004 0637 2112Kuwait Centre for Mental Health (KCMH), MOH, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Majeda S. Hammoud
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed N. Albatineh
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fatma Mustafa Ridha
- grid.415706.10000 0004 0637 2112Sheikh Jaber Al Ahmed Al Jaber Al Sabah Hospital, MOH, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sabri M. Hammoud
- grid.415706.10000 0004 0637 2112Sheikh Jaber Al Ahmed Al Jaber Al Sabah Hospital, MOH, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hala M. Elsadek
- grid.411303.40000 0001 2155 6022Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Aziz Rahman
- grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC 3806 Australia ,grid.440745.60000 0001 0152 762XFaculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Mastorci F, Lazzeri MFL, Piaggi P, Doveri C, Trivellini G, Casu A, Marinaro I, Bianchin E, Pozzi M, Pingitore A. Schoolteachers' well-being: A pilot study from the AVATAR project during COVID-19 school closure. Work 2023; 75:1-8. [PMID: 36683483 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teachers are a category at high risk for co-occurring mental diseases. OBJECTIVES The purpose was to assess well-being of schoolteachers and psychological effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHOD Data were collected in April 2021, during the partial re-opening of public schools in Italy, from 838 schoolteachers who complete a battery of psychological tests on a multimedia platform. RESULTS In females, school closure increases anxiety (BAI, p < 0.001), depression (BDI-II, p < 0.05), stress-related insomnia (FIRST, p < 0.001), and perceived stress (PSS, p < 0.05). In males, on the contrary, rises perceived health (p < 0.001) and vitality (p < 0.001), also in terms of total score (PWBI p < 0.05). In addition, having a family member with COVID in the past month increased anxiety (BAI, p < 0.05), reduced perceived physical health (PWBI, p < 0.05) and vitality (PWBI, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The main results of this pilot study showed that female teachers had a worse well-being perception with respect to men, in terms of health and vitality and an increase in negative emotional reactivity, that impaired when a family member was affected by COVID. The results emphasize the need to invest in prevention and wellness promotion programs in this professional category.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paolo Piaggi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Elisa Bianchin
- Department of addictions, ASFO - Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Marta Pozzi
- Department of addictions, ASFO - Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, Pordenone, Italy
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Ouazzani Housni Touhami Y, Maiouak M, Ouraghene A, Hammani Z, Abdi CMF, Benhammou I, Tahiri S, Rabhi S, Bennani B, Bout A, Aarab C, Boujraf S, El Fakir S, Aalouane R. The prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and PTSD among Moroccan medical doctors in the COVID-19 pandemic: a national study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:211-224. [PMID: 35477317 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2067574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is facing healthcare professionals with unprecedented challenges, which might alter their mental health. We targeted assessing depression, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of Moroccan medical doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic; this would allow identifying the associated factors. A cross-sectional national study was carried out on 1267 exposed and unexposed public health medical doctors to COVID-19 patients. The study was conducted between May 15 and 15 June 2020. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was completed online voluntarily and randomly. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and the PTSD Checklist for DSM‑5 (PCL-5) to assess depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD, respectively. The respondents' rate was 63.3%. The mean age was 30.97 ± 6.65 years old, and 59.3% (N = 751) were females with a sex ratio M/F of 0.68. The sample included 43.0% (N = 545) of COVID-19 frontline doctors. Among all participants, 31.5% (N = 400) had depression, 29.2% (N = 370) had generalized anxiety, and 21.7% (N = 276) had PTSD. The average scores of the PHQ-9, the GAD-7, and the PCL-5 were 7.79 (± 5.54), 6.12 (±5.72), and 18.58 (±17.62), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression showed that working in primary and secondary hospitals, moderate and high-stress perceptions, a chronic physical illness, and a family history of psychiatric disorder were independently associated factors of depression, generalized anxiety, and PTSD. The females expressed significantly more anxiety. Doctors living in a family consisting of member with chronic disease showed a significantly higher risk of PTSD. The security sense of contamination risk and low threat perception of COVID-19 were significantly protective factors of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Moroccan medical doctors are in psychological distress. It is essential to preserve medical doctors' mental well-being health for a better fight against the COVID-19 pandemic through effective and targeted health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ouazzani Housni Touhami
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Moncef Maiouak
- Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco.,Laboratory of Epidemiology, Community Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Amal Ouraghene
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Hammani
- Psychiatry Department, Moulay Ismail Military University Hospital, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Cheikh Mommed Fadel Abdi
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Imane Benhammou
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Sophia Tahiri
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samira Rabhi
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco.,Internal Medicine Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco
| | - Bahia Bennani
- URL-CNRST N15, Laboratory of Human Pathology, Biomedicine and Environmental, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Amine Bout
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Chadya Aarab
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Said Boujraf
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Samira El Fakir
- Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco.,Laboratory of Epidemiology, Community Health and Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Rachid Aalouane
- Psychiatry Department, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
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Yin C, Ji J, Cao X, Jin H, Ma Q, Gao Y. Impact of long working hours on depressive symptoms among COVID-19 frontline medical staff: The mediation of job burnout and the moderation of family and organizational support. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1084329. [PMID: 36874813 PMCID: PMC9975257 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1084329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, the frontline medical staff faced more workload and heavier physical and mental stress, which increased their job burnout and negative emotions. However, little is known about the potential factors mediating and moderating these relations. This study investigates the association between long working hours and depressive symptoms among frontline medical staff in China, and explores the potential mediating effect of job burnout, and moderating effect of family and organizational support on these associations. Methods Data of 992 frontline medical staff who participated in the prevention and control of COVID-19 was obtained from the online survey conducted in November to December 2021 in China. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ-9). Moderated mediating model was employed to understand the relationship between long working hours (X), depressive symptoms (Y) mediated through job burnout (M), moderated by family support (W1) and organizational support (W2), while controlling all possible covariates. Results 56.96% of participants worked more than 8 h per day. 49.8% of them had depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) and 65.8% experienced job-related burnout. Long working hours was positively associated with depressive symptoms score (β = 0.26, 95% CI:0.13 ~ 0.40). Mediation analyses revealed that job burnout significantly mediated this relationship (indirect effect = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.08 ~ 0.26). Moderated mediation further indicated that both two interactions of social support (family support W1, organizational support W2) and job burnout were negatively related to depressive symptoms among frontline medical staff, indicating that higher social support being less job burnout with lower depressive symptoms. Conclusion Longer working hours and higher job burnout may contribute to worse mental health among frontline medical staff. Social support could buffer the detrimental effects by reducing their job burnout. Contribution The main contribution of this study was to estimate the negative effect of long working hours on depressive symptoms among frontline medical staff and explore the potential mediating role of job burnout and moderating role of social support on these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Yin
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingya Ji
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Hospital Management, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuexia Gao
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Arenliu Qosaj F, Weine SM, Sejdiu P, Hasani F, Statovci S, Behluli V, Arenliu A. Prevalence of Perceived Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in HCW in Kosovo during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16667. [PMID: 36554548 PMCID: PMC9779736 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A pandemic may have a negative impact on healthcare workers' (HCW) mental health. In this cross-sectional study, we assess the self-reported prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression and identify their predictive factors among HCW in Kosovo. The online questionnaire collected data on socio-demographics (sex, age, occupation, education, workplace) and the presence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress through the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and linear logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Of the 545 respondents, the majority were male (53.0%), under 60 years of age (94.7%), and married (81.7%). Most of them were physicians (78.2%), while the remaining were nurses, midwives, and other health professionals (22%). Prevalence rates for moderate to extremely high stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were 21.9%, 13.0%, and 13.9%, respectively. The nurses reported significantly higher mean scores for depression and anxiety than the physicians (p < 0.05). Being married, having poor health, not exercising, and reporting "burnout" from work significantly predicted higher levels of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms among health workers (p < 0.05). Most HCWs (71.6%) reported a mild, moderate, or severe mental health burden, and certain factors predicted higher levels of such burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pleurat Sejdiu
- Kosovo Medical Chamber, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
- Orthopedic Clinic, Kosovo Hospital University Clinical Services, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Fekrije Hasani
- Alma Mater Europaea, Campus College Rezonanca, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
- Kosovo Nursing Chamber, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
- Ministry of Health, Government of the Republic of Kosovo, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Shukrije Statovci
- Psychiatry Clinic, Kosovo Hospital University Clinical Services, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Vigan Behluli
- Kosovo Association of Psychologists, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Aliriza Arenliu
- Department of Psychology, Prishtina University, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
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Unal M, Yilmaz A, Yilmaz H, Tasdemir GY, Uluturk M, Kemanci A, Senol H, Altan B, Ozen M, Seyit M, Oskay A, Turkcuer I. The impact of COVID-19 on social support perception and stress of prehospital care providers. Australas Emerg Care 2022; 25:334-340. [PMID: 35534357 PMCID: PMC9069261 DOI: 10.1016/j.auec.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study seeks to explore the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the social support perception and acute stress disorder of prehospital care providers (PCPs) in the province of Denizli. METHODS This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted between December 25, 2020 and January 25, 2021. Out of 510 ambulatory care staff constituting the study population, there were 287 PCPs (%56.2), including 13 physicians, 89 paramedics, 134 emergency medical technicians, and 51 individuals from other occupational groups (nurse, driver, cleaning staff, medical secretary) based at emergency health services. The data collection tools employed in the study include an introductory information form, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and National Stressful Events Survey Acute Stress Disorder Short Scale (NSESSS), which was organized as an online questionnaire. RESULTS We analyzed the data from 287 PCPs that completed the form and scales. The mean score of the NSESSS was calculated as 1.53 ± 0.79. The PCPs who experienced health problems (1.85 ± 0.69), suffered from mental problems and received psychotherapy and medication (2.57 ± 0.57), encountered COVID-19 patients (1.58 ± 0.8), provided care for COVID-19 patients (1.59 ± 0.79), and took polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests (1.68 ± 0.78) had higher acute stress symptom levels. The total mean score of MSPSS was calculated as 66.28 ± 17.22. Total MSPSS scores of the participants varied significantly in terms of age, marital status, taking a COVID-19 test, suffering from mental problems, status of encountering a COVID-19 patient, and workplace satisfaction (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings are suggestive of high perceptions of multidimensional social support and low acute stress symptom levels of the PCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medine Unal
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Atakan Yilmaz
- Pamukkale University, Medical Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Halis Yilmaz
- Pamukkale University, Health Science Institute, 20160 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gulay Yigitoglu Tasdemir
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Health Science, Departmant of Psychiatric Nursing, 20160 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Uluturk
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Aykut Kemanci
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Hande Senol
- Pamukkale University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biostatistics, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Burak Altan
- Health Services Department, Provincial Health Directorate, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Mert Ozen
- Pamukkale University, Medical Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Murat Seyit
- Pamukkale University, Medical Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Alten Oskay
- Pamukkale University, Medical Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Turkcuer
- Pamukkale University, Medical Faculty, Department of Emergency Medicine, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
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35
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Ampon-Wireko S, Zhou L, Quansah PE, Larnyo E. Understanding the effects of COVID-19 stigmatisation on job performance: a survey of frontline healthcare workers. Ann Med 2022; 54:2039-2052. [PMID: 35972371 PMCID: PMC9382904 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2089910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of stigmatisation among health care providers has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and understanding the effect of COVID-19 stigmatisation on job performance has become increasingly important. The study explores the influence of COVID-19 stigmatisation on job performance among frontline health workers via the mediating role of anxiety. Furthermore, the moderating effect of resilience in the association between COVID-19 stigmatisation and anxiety is further examined. Participants were made up of 820 frontline health workers working in the epicentres of the Bono Ahafo, Western, Greater Accra, and Northern regions of Ghana. The hierarchical regression technique was employed in estimating the relationship between the variables. COVID-19 stigmatisation among frontline health workers directly affected anxiety and performance. In addition, the results showed that resilience moderated the relationship between COVID-19 stigmatisation and anxiety. The findings again demonstrated that anxiety partially mediated the association between concern for disclosure and public attitude and negative experience and job performance, whereas personalised stigma was insignificant. The study provides implications for establishing anti-stigma interventions and programs to enhance job performance among health workers.Key messagesMany healthcare workers are subject to stigmatisation during the COVID-19 pandemic.The study employs hierarchical regression methods to examine the impacts of COVID-19 stigmatisation on job performance among frontline health workers.The health management team should strengthen interventions to control the stigma experienced by health workers during COVID-19 treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lulin Zhou
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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36
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Shah AH, Becene IA, Nguyen KTNH, Stuart JJ, West MG, Berrill JES, Hankins J, Borba CPC, Rich-Edwards JW. A qualitative analysis of psychosocial stressors and health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on frontline healthcare personnel in the United States. SSM. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN HEALTH 2022; 2:100130. [PMID: 35873922 PMCID: PMC9293380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmqr.2022.100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a dearth of qualitative studies exploring the lived experiences of frontline healthcare personnel (HCP) during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. We examined workplace stressors, psychological manifestations of said stressors, and coping strategies reported through coded open-text responses from 1024 online surveys completed over two months by 923 HCP participating in three nationwide cohorts from Spring 2020. Our findings suggest that risk, job insecurity, frustration with hospital administration, inadequate access to personal protective equipment, and witnessing patient suffering and death contributed to deteriorating mental and physical health. Negative health impacts included the onset or exacerbation of anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms, including weight fluctuation, fatigue, and migraines. Coping mechanisms included substance use and food consumption, meditation and wellness, fitness, socializing with loved ones, and religious activities. Insights garnered from participants' responses will enable more personalized and effective psychosocial crisis prevention and intervention for frontline HCP in future health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarushi H Shah
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Sociomedical Sciences, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032-3784, USA
| | - Iris A Becene
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | | | - Jennifer J Stuart
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA
| | - Madeline G West
- New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jane E S Berrill
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Jennifer Hankins
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | | | - Janet W Rich-Edwards
- Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA
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Liang S, Liu C, Rotaru K, Li K, Wei X, Yuan S, Yang Q, Ren L, Liu X. The relations between emotion regulation, depression and anxiety among medical staff during the late stage of COVID-19 pandemic: a network analysis. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114863. [PMID: 36191555 PMCID: PMC9509294 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Existing research proposed that moving from a disorder-level analysis to a symptom-level analysis may provide a more fine-grained understanding of psychopathology. This study aimed to explore the relations between two dimensions (i.e., cognitive reappraisal, CR; expressive suppression, ES) of emotion regulation and individual symptoms of depression and anxiety among medical staff during the late stage of COVID-19 pandemic. We examined depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms and emotion regulation among 420 medical staff during the late stage of COVID-19 pandemic via network analysis. Two networks (i.e. emotion regulation-depression network and emotion regulation-anxiety network) were constructed in the present study. Bridge centrality index was calculated for each variable within the two networks. Among the present sample, the prevalences of depression and anxiety are 39.5% and 26.0%. CR and ES showed distinct connections to symptoms of depression and anxiety. Results of bridge centrality showed that in both networks, CR had a negative bridge expected influence value while ES had a positive bridge expected influence value. The results revealed the specific role of CR and ES in relation to depression and anxiety at a symptom level. Implications for clinical preventions and interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Liang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Chang Liu
- BrainPark, School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Kristian Rotaru
- BrainPark, School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia,Monash Business School, Monash University, Caulfield, VIC 3145, Australia
| | - Kuiliang Li
- Department of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xinyi Wei
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Shangqing Yuan
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100089, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
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38
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Sampaio F, Salgado R, Antonini M, Delmas P, Oulevey Bachmann A, Gilles I, Ortoleva Bucher C. Workplace Wellbeing and Quality of Life Perceived by Portuguese Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Protective Factors and Stressors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14231. [PMID: 36361111 PMCID: PMC9657238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses were exposed to many stressors, which may have been associated with some mental health problems. However, most of the studies carried out on nurses' quality of life and workplace wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic took a pathogenic approach. Given that current scientific knowledge in this field presented too many gaps to properly inform preventive and therapeutic action, the aim of this study was to explore whether protective factors (resilience, perceived social support, and professional identification) and stressors (perceived stress and psychosocial risks in the workplace) influenced the quality of life and workplace wellbeing perceived by Portuguese nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data for this cross-sectional study was collected through online self-administered questionnaires. Linear regression models were used to analyze the relationships between variables. Results showed that perceived stress, resilience and job satisfaction were associated with quality of life and workplace wellbeing among Portuguese nurses. The study's findings could serve to inform health policy and should draw the attention of nursing managers to the needs and difficulties reported by nurses, to the importance of providing them with emotional support, and to the relevance of promoting a good work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Sampaio
- Higher School of Health Fernando Pessoa, Rua Delfim Maia, 334, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE—Center for Health Technology and Services Research/Health Research Network from the Lab to the Community, Rua Dr. Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Salgado
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Antonini
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Delmas
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Annie Oulevey Bachmann
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Gilles
- Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Ortoleva Bucher
- La Source School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Av. Vinet 30, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland
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39
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Dhindayal S, Letsoalo MP, Gengiah TN. Mental health outcomes and workplace quality of life among South African pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. J Pharm Policy Pract 2022; 15:66. [PMID: 36258259 PMCID: PMC9578222 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-022-00463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers is gaining attention globally. This study assessed the quality-of-working life (QoWL) and prevalence of, and risk factors for anxiety, depression and stress among South African pharmacists. Methods An online survey, after stratification by province, was sent to 3435 (target = 2454) randomly selected pharmacists between 14 April to 18 May 2021. Sociodemographic data were collected and mental health was assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale and a modified Work-Related Quality-of-Life tool. Prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress and QoWL was estimated. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with mental health outcomes. Results A total of 953/2454 pharmacists (38.8%) responded. Of these, 56.5% were 40 years or younger, 78.5% were female, 45.4% were White race and 44.5% were practicing in a community pharmacy setting. Pharmacists demonstrated symptoms of anxiety (n = 605, 66.1%), depression (n = 561, 62.9%), stress (n = 642, 73.8%) and low QoWL (n = 409, 51.3%). Significant risk factors (aOR; 95%CI) for anxiety, depression and stress were female gender (1.96;1.36–2.83,1.84;1.27–2.67,1.58;1.05–2.38, history of mental health conditions (2.50; 1.52–4.13, 3.68; 2.19–6.19, 3.34;1.85–6.03) and significant COVID-19 mitigation changes to pharmacy practice (2.70; 1.36–5.38, 4.23; 2.06–8.70, 3.14;1.44–6.82), respectively. Practice changes were also associated with a low QoWL (5.19; 2.40–11.8). Compared to their Black/African colleagues, Indian pharmacists were at higher risk for anxiety (1.82; 1.03–3.23) and stress symptoms (2.28; 1.21–4.32), while risk for depression was significant amongst White pharmacists (1.86; 1.05–3.32). Pharmacists living apart from family were at significant risk for anxiety (1.66; 1.15–2.41), depression (1.52; 1.06–2.18) and low QoWL (1.60; 1.10–2.34). Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant negative impact on the mental health of South African pharmacists. Interventions to support the psychological well-being and improve QoWL of pharmacists are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherishka Dhindayal
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.
| | - Marothi P Letsoalo
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Tanuja N Gengiah
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.,Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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40
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The Effect of Psychosocial Safety Climate on Engagement and Psychological Distress: A Multilevel Study on the Healthcare Sector. SAFETY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/safety8030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
All work sectors have been affected by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The perception of risk combined with the lack of safety and fear for their own safety have caused severe psychological discomfort in workers. Of all the work sectors, the most affected was certainly the healthcare sector. In hospitals, medical staff were at the forefront of the battle against COVID-19, providing care in close physical proximity to patients and had a direct risk of being exposed to the virus. The main objective of the study was to investigate the perception of a psychosocial safety climate and the effect on engagement and psychological stress in a sample of 606 healthcare workers (physicians 39.6%, nurses 41.3%, healthcare assistant 19.1%), belonging to six organisations and organised into 11 working groups. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate the mediating effect of workaholism at both individual and group level. The results partially confirmed our hypotheses and the mediating effect at the individual level of working compulsively. A psychosocial safety climate in healthcare workers led to a decrease in engagement through the mediation of working compulsively. The mediating effect of working compulsively might be due to a climate that did not guarantee or preserve the psychological health and safety of healthcare workers. In this research, the most important limit concerns the number of organisations and the number of groups.
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Heluey C, Bahgat J, Hartnett J, Rose SJ, Newman RB, Homayounrooz F. Effects of the COVID-19 Crisis on Resident Well-Being in a Community Teaching Hospital. South Med J 2022; 115:712-716. [PMID: 36055660 PMCID: PMC9426347 DOI: 10.14423/smj.0000000000001437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been an unexpected crisis that continues to challenge the medical community at large. Healthcare environments have been forced to change dramatically, including for medical residents, who are vital members of the innovative emergency response teams. Articles have previously been published on the effects of crises on the well-being of healthcare practitioners; however, there is a paucity of literature targeting medical residents' experiences and general wellness during devastating events. The objective of our study aimed at understanding the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on residents' stress, academics, and support systems. METHODS An anonymous, voluntary Likert scale questionnaire was sent via SurveyMonkey to Internal Medicine and Family Medicine residents in July 2020. Questions focused on residents' mood; stress levels; sense of support; and academics before, during, and immediately after the first surge of COVID-19 at our hospital between March 13 and June 15, 2020. RESULTS Residents felt sad, stressed, and overworked during the first wave, as opposed to feelings of neutrality and happiness before and immediately after. Levels of concern for personal and loved ones' safety were significantly increased during and after our first wave. The impact on educational training was rated as neutral. Residents noted that institutional support could be improved by the provision of wellness activities and sponsored social events. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insight on resident well-being during the initial months of the pandemic and identifies areas that could be improved. Our results demonstrated that the pandemic affected many aspects of residents' well-being and education, and the lessons learned can help guide healthcare institutions when implementing wellness activities for trainees during subsequent crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Heluey
- From the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the Office of Research and the Internal Medicine Residency Program, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Connecticut
| | - Joseph Bahgat
- From the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the Office of Research and the Internal Medicine Residency Program, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Connecticut
| | - Josette Hartnett
- From the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the Office of Research and the Internal Medicine Residency Program, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Connecticut
| | - Suzanne J Rose
- From the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the Office of Research and the Internal Medicine Residency Program, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Connecticut
| | - Rebecca B Newman
- From the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the Office of Research and the Internal Medicine Residency Program, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Connecticut
| | - Forugh Homayounrooz
- From the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, New Hampshire, and the Office of Research and the Internal Medicine Residency Program, Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Connecticut
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Voth J, Jaber L, MacDougall L, Ward L, Cordeiro J, Miklas EP. The presence of psychological distress in healthcare workers across different care settings in Windsor, Ontario, during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:960900. [PMID: 36110267 PMCID: PMC9469090 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.960900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Few studies have examined psychological distress in healthcare workers (HCWs) across the care continuum. This study describes distress levels reported by HCWs across care settings and factors associated with distress. Methods A cross-sectional survey of HCWs from Windsor, Ontario, was conducted between May 30th, 2020, and June 30th, 2020. The survey included the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), sociodemographic, frontline status, perceptions of training, protection, support, respect among teams, and professional and personal stressors. Univariate analyses were used to compare across settings and multivariate logistic regression assessed factors associated with distress. Results Four hundred and three HCWs from the hospital (49.4%), community health and social service (18.4%), first responder (14.7%), primary care (7.9%), home (6.0%), and long-term care (LTC; 4.0%) participated in the survey. Common concerns included fear of transmitting COVID-19 to family, safety on the job, and balancing personal care with work demands. LTC and home-care HCWs reported greater concern about workload and staffing levels, whereas community health workers were more anxious about their financial security. Overall, 228 (74.2%) HCWs who completed the K10 reported high distress, with greater rates among hospital and LTC HCWs. Distress was more likely in HCWs who identified as female, younger than 55, perceived lower respect among team, and experienced greater worry about physical and mental health and managing high workloads. Conclusion Results showed a high degree of distress experienced by HCWs across care settings and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on personal and work-related stress. Promoting self-care and supportive and collaborative healthcare teams are promising avenues for mitigating symptoms of distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Voth
- Hôtel-Dieu Grace Healthcare, Windsor, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Lindsey Jaber
- Faculty of Education, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | | | - Leslee Ward
- Hôtel-Dieu Grace Healthcare, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | | | - Erica P. Miklas
- Faculty of Education, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
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Kimpe V, Sabe M, Sentissi O. No increase in burnout in health care workers during the initial COVID-19 outbreak: Systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Meta-Anal 2022; 10:206-219. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v10.i4.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For decades and before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, for health care workers (HCWs) burnout can be experienced as an upsetting confrontation with their self and the result of a complex a multifactorial process interacting with environmental and personal features.
AIM To literature review and meta-analysis was to obtain a comprehensive understanding of burnout and work-related stress in health care workers around the world during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS We performed a database search of Embase, Google Scholar and PubMed from June to October 2020. We analysed burnout risk factors and protective factors in included studies published in peer-reviewed journals as of January 2020, studying a HCW population during the first COVID-19 wave without any geographic restrictions. Furthermore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine overall burnout levels. We studied the main risk factors and protective factors related to burnout and stress at the individual, institutional and regional levels.
RESULTS Forty-one studies were included in our final review sample. Most were cross-sectional, observational studies with data collection windows during the first wave of the COVID-19 surge. Of those forty-one, twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. Of the 27907 health care professionals who participated in the reviewed studies, 70.4% were women, and two-thirds were either married or living together. The most represented age category was 31-45 years, at 41.5%. Approximately half of the sample comprised nurses (47.6%), and 44.4% were working in COVID-19 wards (intensive care unit, emergency room and dedicated internal medicine wards). Indeed, exposure to the virus was not a leading factor for burnout. Our meta-analytic estimate of burnout prevalence in the HCW population for a sample of 6784 individuals was 30.05%.
CONCLUSION There was a significant prevalence of burnout in HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic, and some of the associated risk factors could be targeted for intervention, both at the individual and organizational levels. Nevertheless, COVID-19 exposure was not a leading factor for burnout, as burnout levels were not notably higher than pre-COVID-19 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Kimpe
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva 1208, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Sabe
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Othman Sentissi
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
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Chen H, Ma Q, Du B, Huang Y, Zhu SG, Li SL, Geng DQ, Xu XS. Psychotherapy and Follow-Up in Health Care Workers After the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Single Center's Experience. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:2245-2258. [PMID: 36003831 PMCID: PMC9394520 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s371787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aims to analysis the mental health of high-risk health care workers (HHCWs) and low-risk HCWs (LHCWs) who were respectively exposed to COVID-19 wards and non-COVID-19 wards by following up on mental disorders in HCWs in China for 6 months. Methods A multi-psychological assessment questionnaire was used to follow up on the psychological status of HCWs in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University in Xuzhou City (a non-core epidemic area) at 6 months after the first evaluation conducted during the COVID-19 epidemic. Based on the risk of exposure to COVID-19 patients, the HCWs were divided into two groups: high-risk HCWs, who worked in COVID-19 wards, and low-risk HCWs, who worked in non-COVID-19 wards. Results A total of 198 HCWs participated in the study, and 168 questionnaires were selected for evaluation. Among them, 93 (55.4%) were in the HHCW group and 75 (44.5%) were in the LHCW group. Significant differences were observed in salary, profession, and altruistic behavior between the two groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the anxiety, depression, insomnia, or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scores between the two groups. Logistic regression revealed that work stress was a major joint risk factor for mental disorders in HCWs. Among all the HCWs, a total of 58 voluntarily participated in psychotherapy; the analysis showed a significant decrease in anxiety, depression, PTSD, work stress, and work risk after attending psychotherapy. There were also significant differences in positive and negative coping styles before and after psychotherapy. Conclusion In the present follow-up, work stress was the major contributing factor to mental disorders in HCWs. Psychotherapy is helpful in terms of stress management and should be provided to first-line COVID-19 HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Du
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Guang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Li Li
- Department of Medical Records and Statistics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Qin Geng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Shun Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People's Republic of China
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Impact of the COVID-19 on the Health System and Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review. HEALTH SCOPE 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jhealthscope-123211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Context: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected all sectors of life. The health system and healthcare workers also have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare workers (HCWs) have faced major challenges in working in the hospitals due to COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need to provide evidence regarding challenges to working during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically in developing countries. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on health professionals and the health system. Methods: Ten studies conducted from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021were included in this review. Common search terms were impact, health, healthcare, providers, abuses, burden, and system. Different databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were used. Data extraction was performed following the PRISMA recommendations. Results: The results of the systematic review showed that the hospitalization rate and numbers of out-patients have increased, leading to imposing a burden on the health system and healthcare workers (HCWs). A serious type of disease may need hospitalization and ventilatory support. The quality of healthcare institutions is unique and complex. HCWs, in their routine activities, face diverse challenges. The unexpected development of the COVID-19 pandemic was a great challenge faced by the health system and health professionals. Conclusions: The pandemic has altered the healthcare system and healthcare practice with innovative workplaces and social challenges confronted by the HCWs.
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Prieto RG. Salud mental en los trabajadores de la salud y otros grupos poblacionales en relación con la pandemia del COVID-19. REPERTORIO DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGÍA 2022. [DOI: 10.31260/repertmedcir.01217372.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción: a lo largo de la historia de la humanidad han ocurrido muchas pandemias causando grandes afectaciones en la salud física y mental. El propósito de esta revisión es presentar un análisis del compromiso de la salud mental en diversos grupos poblacionales. Métodos: con los descriptores ansiedad, estrés, depresión, enfermedad mental, trastorno mental, personal de salud, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), Google Scholar, y Google para realizar una revisión narrativa de las afectaciones mentales ocurridas en niños y adolescentes, estudiantes universitarios, enfermos de alto riesgo, pacientes con la infección, adulto mayor y personal de salud. Discusión: de acuerdo con la OMS la pandemia por COVID-19 persiste y habrá que esperar las consecuencias o secuelas a largo plazo. Se han realizado múltiples estudios que evalúan las afectaciones mentales en los diversos grupos, revelando un incremento en las cifras de ansiedad, estrés, depresión y estrés postraumático. Conclusiones: se deben diseñar y aplicar estrategias para realizar el diagnóstico temprano de las alteraciones de la salud mental en la población en general y en especial en el personal de salud de primera línea. Es de esperar que a mediano y largo plazo surjan secuelas relacionadas con el aislamiento con énfasis en niños y adolescentes.
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Meyer ML, Louder CN, Self KJ, Nicolas G. Investigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Professionals: Implications and Recommendations. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 3:327-346. [PMID: 38603384 PMCID: PMC9294614 DOI: 10.1177/26320770221091735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Public health crises that increase the demand for healthcare professionals (HCPs) often result in increased mental distress in HCPs. The current study investigated the specific mental health ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic on HCPs and perceived support from their places of work. Data was collected from US-based HCPs (N = 325) working as physicians (21.8%), nurses (26.8%), mental health professionals (MHPs; 30.5%), and allied healthcare professionals (AHPs; 20.9%) from April 2020 to April 2021 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, using an online self-report survey. Descriptive and correlational statistical analyses assessed worry, stressors, psychological functioning, and perceived support. A majority of participants expressed worry about the pandemic broadly (93%), and approximately half (50.5%) indicated that their degree of worry was moderate to extreme. Respondents worried most about the risk of infection for family and relatives. HCPs reported not having been able to enjoy daily activities (66.9%), losing sleep (43.1%), and feeling constantly under strain (66.9%), compared to usual. Most HCPs indicated a strong desire for clear communication regarding the pandemic and psychological support from their workplaces. This paper provides recommendations to support HCP mental health by both ameliorating distress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic as well as protecting the health and wellness of HCPs more generally. HCPs and institutions that employ them should seek out or provide access to mental health resources and services, engage with or provide opportunities and activities to actively address mental health, and improve communication regarding COVID-19 or other topics HCPs demonstrate interest in.
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Mediani HS, Adistie F, Hendrawati S, Trisyani Y. Problems Facing Healthcare Providers When Caring for COVID-19 Patients: An Integrative Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:1511-1523. [PMID: 35898948 PMCID: PMC9309315 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s359700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak is a world health problem that affects millions of people. The pandemic is also causing burdens and challenges to health-care providers. Therefore, this study aimed to examine and help understand health-care providers' problems when caring for COVID-19 patients. An integrative review following Whittemore and Kanfl's approach was used along with a systematic search for emerging online databases and grey literature conducted from January to August 2021. The quality of papers was analyzed and a report was presented following PRISMA guidelines. A total of 18 articles that were predominantly descriptive with five themes, including mental health problems in the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak, working stress, physical and psychological impacts of disease, and the lack of support were analyzed. The results showed the pandemic's significant psychological impact on health-care providers directly caring for COVID-19 patients. Emotional, facilities and family support are needed to maintain the health-care providers' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henny Suzana Mediani
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Fanny Adistie
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sri Hendrawati
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Yanny Trisyani
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
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Duwel V, de Kort JML, Jacobs SS, Dennert RM, Busari JO. Managing the Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals in Times of Crisis: The Aruban COVID-19 Experience. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10071263. [PMID: 35885790 PMCID: PMC9318673 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hospital workers in Aruba have been facing an increased demand for healthcare in the unique setting of a Small Island Developing State (SIDS). This study assessed the impact of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the mental health of staff at the major hospital in Aruba, examining the differences between employee groups, with the goal of providing recommendations for targeted support and coping strategies in future crises in a small island setting. Patients and methods: In a mixed-method cohort design, Dr. Horacio E. Oduber Hospital staff were asked to complete a 25-item questionnaire about their concerns and worries, organization of work, and general wellbeing; 24% of the hospital staff filled in the questionnaire (mean age 41 ± 11 years, 79% female). Alongside the needs assessment questionnaire, six focus groups were established to explore staff feelings on specific measures taken by hospital management during the COVID-19 crisis. Results: Questionnaire analysis (n = 231) revealed employees’ concerns about infecting their relatives and their financial stability. In particular, nurses were significantly more concerned than other staff groups. In the wellbeing section of the questionnaire, items regarding future security scored poorest, alongside increased levels of tiredness and nervousness. Focus groups discussions revealed frustrations of the hospital staff with the foreign staff brought in to help during the crisis and a need for better leadership and communication practices from hospital management. Conclusions: Comprehensive and holistic approaches should be implemented by the hospital management to prevent occupational burnout and demoralized work ethics and further emotional exhaustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Duwel
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Shailing S. Jacobs
- Department of General Medicine, Horacio E. Oduber Hospital, Oranjestad, Aruba;
| | - Robert M. Dennert
- Department of Cardiology, Horacio E. Oduber Hospital, Oranjestad, Aruba;
| | - Jamiu O. Busari
- Department of Educational Development and Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Horacio Oduber Hospital, Oranjestad, Aruba
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +297-597-4440; Fax: +297-587-0220
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Şahan E, Tangılntız A. State and trait anxiety among medical staff during the first month of COVID-19 pandemic: A sample from Turkey. Int J Psychiatry Med 2022; 57:338-356. [PMID: 34435896 PMCID: PMC9209882 DOI: 10.1177/00912174211042698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During the COVID-19 pandemic, excessive workload, a rapidly changing workplace environment, the danger of carrying the virus and transmitting the disease to their families, relatives and those they live with creates stress for the medical workers. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the state and trait anxiety levels of healthcare professionals who encounter patients with suspected COVID-19 infection and related factors. METHOD Data were collected from healthcare professionals working with patients diagnosed or suspected with COVID-19 via online self-report questionnaire between 9-19 April 2020. The state (STAI-S) and trait anxiety (STAI-T) scale was used to measure anxiety. RESULTS A total of 291 healthcare professionals, 216 women and 75 men, participated in the study. Women's state and trait anxiety were significantly higher than men's. 11 participants without any lifetime psychiatric illness experienced psychiatric symptoms and consulted to a psychiatrist. The state anxiety of those who have children, nurses and those working in branches directly related to the pandemic (Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Internal Medicine, Radiology, Anesthesiology and Reanimation) was higher than others. The state anxiety of those who thought they were not protected with personal protective equipment and those who did not stay in their own home was higher than others. CONCLUSIONS At the forefront of the fight against COVID-19, there are medical personnel who pay a serious psychological cost. Especially in terms of anxiety, we should pay attention to women, workers with children, nurses and people working in branches that are directly related to pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Şahan
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Psychiatry, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aise Tangılntız
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
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